--- title: 2 Kings 9:17 — Now the watchman stood on the tower in Jezreel, and he spied the com… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now the watchman stood on the tower in Jezreel, and he spied the company of Jehu as he came, and said: 'I see a company.' And Joram said: 'Take a horseman, and send to meet them, and let him say: Is it peace?' Who acts: watchman, I, Joram, horseman. 2 Kings 9:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, T --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.9.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Kings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/) / [chapter 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/9/) / 9:17 # 2 Kings 9:17 מְלָכִים ב **Who acts:** watchman, I, Joram, horseman · **What happens:** stand, spy, come, say, see, take · **To what, where:** tower, company, horseman, loins, Joram, peace · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Kings 9:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — watchman, I, Joram, horseman — and what happens in the verse to tower, company, horseman, loins, Joram, peace, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 25 chapters of 2 Kings on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהַצֹּפֶה֩ עֹמֵ֨ד עַֽל־הַמִּגְדָּ֜ל בְּיִזְרְעֶ֗אל וַיַּ֞רְא אֶת־שִׁפְעַ֤ת יֵהוּא֙ בְּבֹא֔וֹ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר שִׁפְעַ֖ת אֲנִ֣י רֹאֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוֹרָ֗ם קַ֥ח רַכָּ֛ב וּֽשְׁלַ֥ח לִקְרָאתָ֖ם וְיֹאמַ֥ר הֲשָׁלֽוֹם׃ [Now the watchman stood on the tower in Jezreel, and he spied the company of Jehu as he came, and said: 'I see a company.' And Joram said: 'Take a horseman, and send to meet them, and let him say: Is it peace?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.274/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2KI:239 # text = וְהַצֹּפֶה֩ עֹמֵ֨ד עַֽל־הַמִּגְדָּ֜ל בְּיִזְרְעֶ֗אל וַיַּ֞רְא אֶת־שִׁפְעַ֤ת יֵהוּא֙ בְּבֹא֔וֹ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר שִׁפְעַ֖ת אֲנִ֣י רֹאֶ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוֹרָ֗ם קַ֥ח רַכָּ֛ב וּֽשְׁלַ֥ח לִקְרָאתָ֖ם וְיֹאמַ֥ר הֲשָׁלֽוֹם׃ # verse = 2KI.9.17 1-3 וְהַצֹּפֶה֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_9:17!1|MId=o120090170011|Strong=2050b 2 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 3 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_9:17!1|MId=o120090170012|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 3 צֹּפֶה֩ צָפָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=watchman|Ref=2KI_9:17!1|MId=o120090170013|Strong=6822|Type=participle_active 4 עֹמֵ֨ד עָמַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[was].standing|Ref=2KI_9:17!2|MId=o120090170021|Strong=5975|Frame=A0:120090170013;|Type=participle_active 5 עַֽל־ עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2KI_9:17!3|MId=o120090170031|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 6-7 הַמִּגְדָּ֜ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2KI_9:17!4|MId=o120090170041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 מִּגְדָּ֜ל מִגְדָּל NOUN _ Number=Sing 4 obl _ Gloss=tower|Ref=2KI_9:17!4|MId=o120090170042|Strong=4026 8-9 בְּיִזְרְעֶ֗אל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2KI_9:17!5|MId=o120090170051|Strong=0871a 9 יִזְרְעֶ֗אל יִזְרְעֶאל PROPN _ _ 4 obl _ Gloss=Jezreel|Ref=2KI_9:17!5|MId=o120090170052|Strong=3157a 10-11 וַיַּ֞רְא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_9:17!6|MId=o120090170061|Strong=2050b 11 יַּ֞רְא רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.saw|Ref=2KI_9:17!6|MId=o120090170062|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:120090170013;A1:120090170081;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2KI_9:17!7|MId=o120090170071|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 13 שִׁפְעַ֤ת שִׁפְעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 obj _ Gloss=the.crowd|Ref=2KI_9:17!8|MId=o120090170081|Strong=8229 14 יֵהוּא֙ יֵהוּא PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Jehu|Ref=2KI_9:17!9|MId=o120090170091|Strong=3058 15-17 בְּבֹא֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=2KI_9:17!10|MId=o120090170101|Strong=0871a 16 בֹא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 advcl _ Gloss=came|Ref=2KI_9:17!10|MId=o120090170102|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:120090170103;|Type=infinitive_construct 17 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2KI_9:17!10|MId=o120090170103|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 וַיֹּ֕אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_9:17!11|MId=o120090170111|Strong=2050b 19 יֹּ֕אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2KI_9:17!11|MId=o120090170112|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120090170013;|Type=wayyiqtol 20 שִׁפְעַ֖ת שִׁפְעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=a.crowd|Ref=2KI_9:17!12|MId=o120090170121|Strong=8229 21 אֲנִ֣י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 22 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2KI_9:17!13|MId=o120090170131|Strong=0589|Type=personal 22 רֹאֶ֑ה רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 19 ccomp _ Gloss=[am].seeing|Ref=2KI_9:17!14|MId=o120090170141|Strong=7200|Frame=A1:120090170121;A0:120090170131;|Type=participle_active 23-24 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_9:17!15|MId=o120090170151|Strong=2050b 24 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2KI_9:17!15|MId=o120090170152|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120090170161;|Type=wayyiqtol 25 יְהוֹרָ֗ם יְהוֹרָם PROPN _ _ 24 nsubj _ Gloss=Jehoram|Ref=2KI_9:17!16|MId=o120090170161|Strong=3088 26 קַ֥ח לָקַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 24 ccomp _ Gloss=take|Ref=2KI_9:17!17|MId=o120090170171|Strong=3947|Frame=A0:;A1:120090170181;|Type=imperative 27 רַכָּ֛ב רַכָּב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 obj _ Gloss=a.horseman|Ref=2KI_9:17!18|MId=o120090170181|Strong=7395 28-29 וּֽשְׁלַ֥ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_9:17!19|MId=o120090170191|Strong=2050b 29 שְׁלַ֥ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 26 conj _ Gloss=send.[him]|Ref=2KI_9:17!19|MId=o120090170192|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:;A1:120090170181;|Type=imperative 30-32 לִקְרָאתָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2KI_9:17!20|MId=o120090170201|Strong=3807a 31 קְרָאת קרא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 29 advcl _ Gloss=meet|Ref=2KI_9:17!20|MId=o120090170202|Strong=7122|Frame=A0:120090170181;A1:120090170203;|Type=infinitive_construct 32 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=2KI_9:17!20|MId=o120090170203|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 33-34 וְיֹאמַ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2KI_9:17!21|MId=o120090170211|Strong=2050b 34 יֹאמַ֥ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 26 conj _ Gloss=he.will.say|Ref=2KI_9:17!21|MId=o120090170212|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:120090170181;|Type=yiqtol 35-36 הֲשָׁלֽוֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 36 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=2KI_9:17!22|MId=o120090170221|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 36 שָׁלֽוֹם שָׁלוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 ccomp _ Gloss=peace|Ref=2KI_9:17!22|MId=o120090170222|Strong=7965 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=2KI_9:17!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֹמֵד *\[was\] standing* | participle active · qal | צֹּפֶה *watchman* | | | | | יַּרְא *he saw* | wayyiqtol · qal | צֹּפֶה *watchman* | שִׁפְעַת *the crowd* | | | | בֹא *came* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *he* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | צֹּפֶה *watchman* | | | | | רֹאֶה *\[am\] seeing* | participle active · qal | אֲנִי *I* | שִׁפְעַת *a crowd* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוֹרָם *Jehoram* | | | | | קַח *take* | imperative · qal | | רַכָּב *a horseman* | | | | שְׁלַח *send \[him\]* | imperative · qal | | רַכָּב *a horseman* | | | | קְרָאת *meet* | infinitive construct · qal | רַכָּב *a horseman* | ָם *them* | | | | יֹאמַר *he will say* | yiqtol · qal | רַכָּב *a horseman* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְסַכְוָאָה קָאִים עַל מִגְדְלָא בְּיִזְרְעֶאל וַחֲזָא יַת מַשִׁרְיַת יֵהוּא בְּמֵיתוֹהִי וַאֲמַר מַשִׁרְיַת אֲנָא חָזֵי וַאֲמַר יְהוֹרָם דְבַר רַכָּבָא וּשְׁלַח לִקְדָמוּתְהוֹן וְיֵימַר הַשְׁלָם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now the watchman stood on the tower in Jezreel, and he spied the company of Jehu as he came, and said: 'I see a company.' And Joram said: 'Take a horseman, and send to meet them, and let him say: Is it peace?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2KI.274/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2KI:239`. - ← previous: [2 Kings 9:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.9.16/) - next →: [2 Kings 9:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI.9.18/) - ↑ back to [2 Kings 9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2KI/9/)