--- title: 2 Samuel 1:16 — And David said unto him: 'Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David said unto him: 'Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying: I have slain the LORD'S anointed.' Who acts: David, blood, mouth, I. 2 Samuel 1:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/1/) / 1:16 # 2 Samuel 1:16 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** David, blood, mouth, I · **What happens:** say, be, testify, slay · **To what, where:** anointed · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 1:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, blood, mouth, I — and what happens in the verse to anointed, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ דָּוִ֔ד דָּמְךָ֖ עַל־רֹאשֶׁ֑ךָ כִּ֣י פִ֗יךָ עָנָ֤ה בְךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָנֹכִ֥י מֹתַ֖תִּי אֶת־מְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃ס [And David said unto him: 'Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying: I have slain the LORD'S anointed.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.18/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:15 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ דָּוִ֔ד דָּמְךָ֖ עַל־רֹאשֶׁ֑ךָ כִּ֣י פִ֗יךָ עָנָ֤ה בְךָ֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אָנֹכִ֥י מֹתַ֖תִּי אֶת־מְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה׃ס # verse = 2SA.1.16 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_1:16!1|MId=o100010160011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_1:16!1|MId=o100010160012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100010160031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 אֵלָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 אֵלָי אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_1:16!2|MId=o100010160021|Strong=0413 4 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_1:16!2|MId=o100010160022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 דָּוִ֔ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_1:16!3|MId=o100010160031|Strong=1732 6-7 דָּמְךָ֖ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 דָּמ דָּם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ Gloss=blood|Ref=2SA_1:16!5|MId=o100010160051|Strong=1818 7 ְךָ֖ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2SA_1:16!5|MId=o100010160052|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 8 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=[be].on|Ref=2SA_1:16!6|MId=o100010160061|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 9-10 רֹאשֶׁ֑ךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 רֹאשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=head|Ref=2SA_1:16!7|MId=o100010160071|Strong=7218 10 ֶ֑ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2SA_1:16!7|MId=o100010160072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 11 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2SA_1:16!8|MId=o100010160081|Strong=3588 12-13 פִ֗יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 פִ֗י פֶּה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=mouth|Ref=2SA_1:16!9|MId=o100010160091|Strong=6310 13 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your.own|Ref=2SA_1:16!9|MId=o100010160092|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 14 עָנָ֤ה עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 advcl _ Gloss=it.has.testified|Ref=2SA_1:16!10|MId=o100010160101|Strong=6030|Frame=A0:100010160091;|Type=qatal 15-16 בְךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 ב בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=2SA_1:16!11|MId=o100010160111|Strong=0871a 16 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 14 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2SA_1:16!11|MId=o100010160112|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 17-18 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 20 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=2SA_1:16!12|MId=o100010160121|Strong=3807a 18 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_1:16!12|MId=o100010160122|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100010160091;|Type=infinitive_construct 19 אָנֹכִ֥י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2SA_1:16!13|MId=o100010160131|Strong=0595|Type=personal 20 מֹתַ֖תִּי מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=POLEL|Number=Sing|Person=1 14 ccomp _ Gloss=I.killed|Ref=2SA_1:16!14|MId=o100010160141|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:100010160131;A1:100010160161;|Type=qatal 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_1:16!15|MId=o100010160151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22 מְשִׁ֥יחַ מָשִׁיחַ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 obj _ Gloss=the.[one].anointed|Ref=2SA_1:16!16|MId=o100010160161|Strong=4899 23 יְהוָֽה יהוה PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=2SA_1:16!17|MId=o100010160171|Strong=3068|SpaceAfter=No 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=2SA_1:16!17|SpaceAfter=No 25 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=2SA_1:16!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | עָנָה *it has testified* | qatal · qal | פִי *mouth* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | פִי *mouth* | | | | | מֹתַתִּי *I killed* | qatal · polel | אָנֹכִי *I* | מְשִׁיחַ *the \[one\] anointed* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ דָוִד חוֹבַת קְטוֹלָךְ תְּהֵי בְּרֵישָׁךְ אֲרֵי פּוּמָךְ אַסְהִיד בָּךְ לְמֵימַר אֲנָא קַטְלֵית יַת מְשִׁיחָא דַיָי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David said unto him: 'Thy blood be upon thy head; for thy mouth hath testified against thee, saying: I have slain the LORD'S anointed.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.18/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:15`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 1:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.15/) - next →: [2 Samuel 1:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.17/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/1/)