--- title: 2 Samuel 1:2 — it came even to pass on the third day, that, behold, a man came out… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: it came even to pass on the third day, that, behold, a man came out of the camp from Saul with his clothes rent, and earth upon his head; and so it was, when he came to David, that he fell to the earth, and prostrated himself. Who acts: man. 2 Samuel 1:2 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jo --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/1/) / 1:2 # 2 Samuel 1:2 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** man · **What happens:** come, pass, come out, rent, be, fall · **To what, where:** slaughter, camp, Saul, clothes, David This is 2 Samuel 1:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man — and what happens in the verse to slaughter, camp, Saul, clothes, David, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֗י וְהִנֵּה֩ אִ֨ישׁ בָּ֤א מִן־הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֙ מֵעִ֣ם שָׁא֔וּל וּבְגָדָ֣יו קְרֻעִ֔ים וַאֲדָמָ֖ה עַל־רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיְהִי֙ בְּבֹא֣וֹ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד וַיִּפֹּ֥ל אַ֖רְצָה וַיִּשְׁתָּֽחוּ׃ [it came even to pass on the third day, that, behold, a man came out of the camp from Saul with his clothes rent, and earth upon his head; and so it was, when he came to David, that he fell to the earth, and prostrated himself.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.1/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:1 # text = וַיְהִ֣י ׀ בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֗י וְהִנֵּה֩ אִ֨ישׁ בָּ֤א מִן־הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֙ מֵעִ֣ם שָׁא֔וּל וּבְגָדָ֣יו קְרֻעִ֔ים וַאֲדָמָ֖ה עַל־רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיְהִי֙ בְּבֹא֣וֹ אֶל־דָּוִ֔ד וַיִּפֹּ֥ל אַ֖רְצָה וַיִּשְׁתָּֽחוּ׃ # verse = 2SA.1.2 1-2 וַיְהִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_1:2!1|MId=o100010020011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֣י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2SA_1:2!1|MId=o100010020012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 2 punct _ Ref=2SA_1:2!1 4-6 בַּיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_1:2!2|MId=o100010020021|Strong=0871a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_1:2!2|MId=o100010020021ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=2SA_1:2!2|MId=o100010020022|Strong=3117 7-8 הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_1:2!3|MId=o100010020031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 שְּׁלִישִׁ֗י שְׁלִישִׁי NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 nummod _ Gloss=third|Ref=2SA_1:2!3|MId=o100010020032|Strong=7992|Type=ordinal_number 9-10 וְהִנֵּה֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_1:2!4|MId=o100010020041|Strong=2050b 10 הִנֵּה֩ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 2 conj _ Gloss=there!|Ref=2SA_1:2!4|MId=o100010020042|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 11 אִ֨ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=2SA_1:2!5|MId=o100010020051|Strong=0376 12 בָּ֤א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].coming|Ref=2SA_1:2!6|MId=o100010020061|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100010020051;|Type=qatal 13 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_1:2!7|MId=o100010020071|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הַֽמַּחֲנֶה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_1:2!8|MId=o100010020081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 מַּחֲנֶה֙ מַחֲנֶה NOUN _ Number=Sing 12 obl _ Gloss=camp|Ref=2SA_1:2!8|MId=o100010020082|Strong=4264 16-17 מֵעִ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_1:2!9|MId=o100010020091|Strong=4480 17 עִ֣ם עִם ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_1:2!9|MId=o100010020092|Strong=5973 18 שָׁא֔וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 12 obl _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=2SA_1:2!10|MId=o100010020101|Strong=7586 19-21 וּבְגָדָ֣יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_1:2!11|MId=o100010020111|Strong=2050b 20 בְגָדָ֣י בֶּגֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 22 nsubj _ Gloss=garments|Ref=2SA_1:2!11|MId=o100010020112|Strong=0899 21 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_1:2!11|MId=o100010020113|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22 קְרֻעִ֔ים קָרַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 12 conj _ Gloss=[were].torn|Ref=2SA_1:2!12|MId=o100010020121|Strong=7167|Frame=A1:100010020112;|Type=participle_passive 23-24 וַאֲדָמָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_1:2!13|MId=o100010020131|Strong=2050b 24 אֲדָמָ֖ה אֲדָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=earth|Ref=2SA_1:2!13|MId=o100010020132|Strong=0127 25 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=[was].on|Ref=2SA_1:2!14|MId=o100010020141|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 26-27 רֹאשׁ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 רֹאשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=head|Ref=2SA_1:2!15|MId=o100010020151|Strong=7218 27 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_1:2!15|MId=o100010020152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28-29 וַיְהִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_1:2!16|MId=o100010020161|Strong=2050b 29 יְהִי֙ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2SA_1:2!16|MId=o100010020162|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 30-32 בְּבֹא֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=2SA_1:2!17|MId=o100010020171|Strong=0871a 31 בֹא בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 29 advcl _ Gloss=came|Ref=2SA_1:2!17|MId=o100010020172|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100010020173;|Type=infinitive_construct 32 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_1:2!17|MId=o100010020173|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 33 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 34 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_1:2!18|MId=o100010020181|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 34 דָּוִ֔ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 31 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_1:2!19|MId=o100010020191|Strong=1732 35-36 וַיִּפֹּ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_1:2!20|MId=o100010020201|Strong=2050b 36 יִּפֹּ֥ל נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 29 conj _ Gloss=he.fell|Ref=2SA_1:2!20|MId=o100010020202|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:100010020051;|Type=wayyiqtol 37-38 אַ֖רְצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 אַ֖רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 36 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=2SA_1:2!21|MId=o100010020211|Strong=0776 38 ָה ה X _ _ 37 nmod _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=2SA_1:2!21|MId=o100010020212|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 39-40 וַיִּשְׁתָּֽחוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 40 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_1:2!22|MId=o100010020221|Strong=2050b 40 יִּשְׁתָּֽחוּ חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 36 conj _ Gloss=he.bowed.down|Ref=2SA_1:2!22|MId=o100010020222|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:100010020051;|Type=wayyiqtol 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=2SA_1:2!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָּא *\[was\] coming* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *a man* | | | | | קְרֻעִים *\[were\] torn* | participle passive · qal | | בְגָדָי *garments* | | | | בֹא *came* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *he* | | | | | יִּפֹּל *he fell* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *a man* | | | | | יִּשְׁתָּֽחוּ *he bowed down* | wayyiqtol · hithpael | אִישׁ *a man* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה בְּיוֹמָא תְלִיתָאָה וְהָא גַבְרָא אָתָא מִמַשְׁרִיתָא מִלְוַת שָׁאוּל וּלְבוּשׁוֹהִי מְבַזְעִין וְעַפְרָא רְמֵי בְּרֵישֵׁיהּ וַהֲוָה בְּמֵיתוֹהִי לְוַת דָוִד וּנְפַל עַל אַרְעָא וּסְגִיד: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [it came even to pass on the third day, that, behold, a man came out of the camp from Saul with his clothes rent, and earth upon his head; and so it was, when he came to David, that he fell to the earth, and prostrated himself.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.1/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:1`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 1:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.1/) - next →: [2 Samuel 1:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.1.3/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/1/)