--- title: 2 Samuel 10:14 — And when the children of Ammon saw that the Arameans were fled, they… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when the children of Ammon saw that the Arameans were fled, they likewise fled before Abishai, and entered into the city. Then Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Jerusalem. Who acts: children, Arameans, Joab. 2 Samuel 10:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/) / 10:14 # 2 Samuel 10:14 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** children, Arameans, Joab · **What happens:** see, flee, enter, return, come · **To what, where:** Arameans, city, Jerusalem · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 10:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, Arameans, Joab — and what happens in the verse to Arameans, city, Jerusalem, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וּבְנֵ֨י עַמּ֤וֹן רָאוּ֙ כִּי־נָ֣ס אֲרָ֔ם וַיָּנֻ֙סוּ֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י אֲבִישַׁ֔י וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ הָעִ֑יר וַיָּ֣שָׁב יוֹאָ֗ב מֵעַל֙ בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וַיָּבֹ֖א יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ [And when the children of Ammon saw that the Arameans were fled, they likewise fled before Abishai, and entered into the city.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.259/) [Then Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.260/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:231 # text = וּבְנֵ֨י עַמּ֤וֹן רָאוּ֙ כִּי־נָ֣ס אֲרָ֔ם וַיָּנֻ֙סוּ֙ מִפְּנֵ֣י אֲבִישַׁ֔י וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ הָעִ֑יר וַיָּ֣שָׁב יוֹאָ֗ב מֵעַל֙ בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וַיָּבֹ֖א יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ # verse = 2SA.10.14 1-2 וּבְנֵ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:14!1|MId=o100100140011|Strong=2050b 2 בְנֵ֨י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2SA_10:14!1|MId=o100100140012|Strong=1121 3 עַמּ֤וֹן עַמּוֹן PROPN _ _ 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ammon|Ref=2SA_10:14!2|MId=o100100140021|Strong=5983 4 רָאוּ֙ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.saw|Ref=2SA_10:14!3|MId=o100100140031|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:100100140012;A1:100100140051;|Type=qatal 5 כִּי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=2SA_10:14!4|MId=o100100140041|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 6 נָ֣ס נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 ccomp _ Gloss=it.had.fled|Ref=2SA_10:14!5|MId=o100100140051|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:100100140061;|Type=qatal 7 אֲרָ֔ם אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 6 nsubj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=2SA_10:14!6|MId=o100100140061|Strong=0758 8-9 וַיָּנֻ֙סוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:14!7|MId=o100100140071|Strong=2050b 9 יָּנֻ֙סוּ֙ נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.fled|Ref=2SA_10:14!7|MId=o100100140072|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:100100140012;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 מִפְּנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_10:14!8|MId=o100100140081|Strong=4480 11 פְּנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 9 obl _ Gloss=before|Ref=2SA_10:14!8|MId=o100100140082|Strong=6440 12 אֲבִישַׁ֔י אֲבִישַׁי PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Abishai|Ref=2SA_10:14!9|MId=o100100140091|Strong=0052 13-14 וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:14!10|MId=o100100140101|Strong=2050b 14 יָּבֹ֖אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=they.went|Ref=2SA_10:14!10|MId=o100100140102|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100100140012;|Type=wayyiqtol 15-16 הָעִ֑יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_10:14!11|MId=o100100140111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 עִ֑יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=2SA_10:14!11|MId=o100100140112|Strong=5892 17-18 וַיָּ֣שָׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:14!12|MId=o100100140121|Strong=2050b 18 יָּ֣שָׁב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.returned|Ref=2SA_10:14!12|MId=o100100140122|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:100100140131;|Type=wayyiqtol 19 יוֹאָ֗ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 18 nsubj _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=2SA_10:14!13|MId=o100100140131|Strong=3097 20-21 מֵעַל֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_10:14!14|MId=o100100140141|Strong=4480 21 עַל֙ עַל ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_10:14!14|MId=o100100140142|Strong=5921 22 בְּנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 18 obl _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2SA_10:14!15|MId=o100100140151|Strong=1121 23 עַמּ֔וֹן עַמּוֹן PROPN _ _ 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ammon|Ref=2SA_10:14!16|MId=o100100140161|Strong=5983 24-25 וַיָּבֹ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:14!17|MId=o100100140171|Strong=2050b 25 יָּבֹ֖א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=2SA_10:14!17|MId=o100100140172|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100100140131;|Type=wayyiqtol 26 יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם יְרוּשָׁלִַ͏ם PROPN _ _ 25 obl _ Gloss=Jerusalem|Ref=2SA_10:14!18|MId=o100100140181|Strong=3389|SpaceAfter=No 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=2SA_10:14!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | רָאוּ *they saw* | qatal · qal | בְנֵי *the people* | נָס *it had fled* | | | | נָס *it had fled* | qatal · qal | אֲרָם *Aram* | | | | | יָּנֻסוּ *they fled* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵי *the people* | | | | | יָּבֹאוּ *they went* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵי *the people* | | | | | יָּשָׁב *he returned* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | | | | | יָּבֹא *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּבְנֵי עַמוֹן חֲזוֹ אֲרֵי אַפָכוּ אֱנַשׁ אֲרָם וַעֲרָקוּ מִן קֳדָם אֲבִישַׁי וַאֲתוֹ לְקַרְתָּא וְתַב יוֹאָב מִלְוַת בְנֵי עַמוֹן וַאֲתָא לִירוּשְׁלֵם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when the children of Ammon saw that the Arameans were fled, they likewise fled before Abishai, and entered into the city.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.259/) 2. [Then Joab returned from the children of Ammon, and came to Jerusalem.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.260/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:231`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 10:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.13/) - next →: [2 Samuel 10:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.15/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/)