--- title: 2 Samuel 10:17 — And it was told David; and he gathered all Israel together, and pass… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it was told David; and he gathered all Israel together, and passed over the Jordan, and came to Helam. And the Arameans set themselves in array against David, and fought with him. Who acts: David, Arameans. 2 Samuel 10:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the prag --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/) / 10:17 # 2 Samuel 10:17 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** David, Arameans · **What happens:** tell, gather, pass, come, set, fight · **To what, where:** River, David, Israel, Jordan, Helam, Arameans · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 10:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Arameans — and what happens in the verse to River, David, Israel, Jordan, Helam, Arameans, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֻּגַּ֣ד לְדָוִ֗דס וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וַיָּבֹ֖א חֵלָ֑אמָה וַיַּעַרְכ֤וּ אֲרָם֙ לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֔ד וַיִּלָּחֲמ֖וּ עִמּֽוֹ׃ [And it was told David; and he gathered all Israel together, and passed over the Jordan, and came to Helam.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.263/) [And the Arameans set themselves in array against David, and fought with him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.264/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:234 # text = וַיֻּגַּ֣ד לְדָוִ֗דס וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף אֶת־כָּל־יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וַיָּבֹ֖א חֵלָ֑אמָה וַיַּעַרְכ֤וּ אֲרָם֙ לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֔ד וַיִּלָּחֲמ֖וּ עִמּֽוֹ׃ # verse = 2SA.10.17 1-2 וַיֻּגַּ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:17!1|MId=o100100170011|Strong=2050b 2 יֻּגַּ֣ד נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HOPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was.told|Ref=2SA_10:17!1|MId=o100100170012|Strong=5046|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לְדָוִ֗ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_10:17!2|MId=o100100170021|Strong=3807a 4 דָוִ֗ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_10:17!2|MId=o100100170022|Strong=1732 5 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 4 punct _ Ref=2SA_10:17!2 6-7 וַיֶּאֱסֹ֤ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:17!3|MId=o100100170031|Strong=2050b 7 יֶּאֱסֹ֤ף אָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.gathered|Ref=2SA_10:17!3|MId=o100100170032|Strong=0622|Frame=A0:100100170022;A1:100100170071;|Type=wayyiqtol 8 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_10:17!4|MId=o100100170041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 9 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_10:17!5|MId=o100100170051|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 10 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=2SA_10:17!6|MId=o100100170061|Strong=3478 11-12 וַיַּעֲבֹ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:17!7|MId=o100100170071|Strong=2050b 12 יַּעֲבֹ֣ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.passed.over|Ref=2SA_10:17!7|MId=o100100170072|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100100170022;|Type=wayyiqtol 13 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_10:17!8|MId=o100100170081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_10:17!9|MId=o100100170091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 יַּרְדֵּ֔ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 12 obl _ Gloss=Jordan|Ref=2SA_10:17!9|MId=o100100170092|Strong=3383 16-17 וַיָּבֹ֖א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:17!10|MId=o100100170101|Strong=2050b 17 יָּבֹ֖א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=2SA_10:17!10|MId=o100100170102|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100100170022;|Type=wayyiqtol 18-19 חֵלָ֑אמָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 חֵלָ֑אמ חֵילָם PROPN _ _ 17 obl _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_10:17!11|MId=o100100170111|Strong=2431 19 ָה ה X _ _ 18 nmod _ Gloss=Helam|Ref=2SA_10:17!11|MId=o100100170112|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 20-21 וַיַּעַרְכ֤וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 21 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:17!12|MId=o100100170121|Strong=2050b 21 יַּעַרְכ֤וּ עָרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.deployed|Ref=2SA_10:17!12|MId=o100100170122|Strong=6186|Frame=A0:100100170141;|Type=wayyiqtol 22 אֲרָם֙ אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 21 nsubj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=2SA_10:17!13|MId=o100100170131|Strong=0758 23-24 לִקְרַ֣את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_10:17!14|MId=o100100170141|Strong=3807a 24 קְרַ֣את קרא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 21 advcl _ Gloss=meet|Ref=2SA_10:17!14|MId=o100100170142|Strong=7122|Frame=A0:100100170141;A1:100100170161;|Type=infinitive_construct 25 דָּוִ֔ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 24 obj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_10:17!15|MId=o100100170151|Strong=1732 26-27 וַיִּלָּחֲמ֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:17!16|MId=o100100170161|Strong=2050b 27 יִּלָּחֲמ֖וּ לָחַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.engaged.in.battle|Ref=2SA_10:17!16|MId=o100100170162|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:100100170141;|Type=wayyiqtol 28-29 עִמּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_10:17!17|MId=o100100170171|Strong=5973 29 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_10:17!17|MId=o100100170172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=2SA_10:17!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֶּאֱסֹף *he gathered* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָוִד *David* | וַ *and* | | | | יַּעֲבֹר *he passed over* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָוִד *David* | | | | | יָּבֹא *he came* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָוִד *David* | | | | | יַּעַרְכוּ *they deployed* | wayyiqtol · qal | לִ *to* | | | | | קְרַאת *meet* | infinitive construct · qal | לִ *to* | וַ *and* | | | | יִּלָּחֲמוּ *they engaged in battle* | wayyiqtol · niphal | לִ *to* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִיתְחַוָא לְדָוִד וּכְנַשׁ יַת כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵל וַעֲבַר יַת יַרְדְנָא וַאֲתוֹ לְחֵלָם וְסַדָרוּ אֱנַשׁ אֲרָם לְקֳדָמוּת דָוִד וְאַגִיחוּ קְרָבָא עִמֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it was told David; and he gathered all Israel together, and passed over the Jordan, and came to Helam.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.263/) 2. [And the Arameans set themselves in array against David, and fought with him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.264/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:234`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 10:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.16/) - next →: [2 Samuel 10:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.18/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/)