--- title: 2 Samuel 10:5 — When they told it unto David, he sent to meet them; for the men were… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: When they told it unto David, he sent to meet them; for the men were greatly ashamed. And the king said: 'Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.' Who acts: servants, David, men, king. 2 Samuel 10:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/) / 10:5 # 2 Samuel 10:5 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** servants, David, men, king · **What happens:** tell, send, meet, be, say, tarry · **To what, where:** half, servants, Jericho, beards · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 10:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servants, David, men, king — and what happens in the verse to half, servants, Jericho, beards, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ לְדָוִד֙ וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח לִקְרָאתָ֔ם כִּֽי־הָי֥וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים נִכְלָמִ֣ים מְאֹ֑ד וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ שְׁב֣וּ בִֽירֵח֔וֹ עַד־יְצַמַּ֥ח זְקַנְכֶ֖ם וְשַׁבְתֶּֽם׃ [When they told it unto David, he sent to meet them; for the men were greatly ashamed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.249/) [And the king said: 'Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.250/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:222 # text = וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ לְדָוִד֙ וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח לִקְרָאתָ֔ם כִּֽי־הָי֥וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים נִכְלָמִ֣ים מְאֹ֑ד וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ שְׁב֣וּ בִֽירֵח֔וֹ עַד־יְצַמַּ֥ח זְקַנְכֶ֖ם וְשַׁבְתֶּֽם׃ # verse = 2SA.10.5 1-2 וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:5!1|MId=o100100050011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּגִּ֤דוּ נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=people.told|Ref=2SA_10:5!1|MId=o100100050012|Strong=5046|Frame=A0:;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 לְדָוִד֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_10:5!2|MId=o100100050021|Strong=3807a 4 דָוִד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_10:5!2|MId=o100100050022|Strong=1732 5-6 וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:5!3|MId=o100100050031|Strong=2050b 6 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=2SA_10:5!3|MId=o100100050032|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:100100050022;|Type=wayyiqtol 7-9 לִקְרָאתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_10:5!4|MId=o100100050041|Strong=3807a 8 קְרָאת קרא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 6 advcl _ Gloss=meet|Ref=2SA_10:5!4|MId=o100100050042|Strong=7122|Frame=A0:;A1:100100050043;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ Gloss=them|Ref=2SA_10:5!4|MId=o100100050043|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 10 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 14 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2SA_10:5!5|MId=o100100050051|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 11 הָי֥וּ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 14 cop _ Gloss=they.were|Ref=2SA_10:5!6|MId=o100100050061|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:100100050072;|Type=qatal 12-13 הָאֲנָשִׁ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_10:5!7|MId=o100100050071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 אֲנָשִׁ֖ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ Gloss=men|Ref=2SA_10:5!7|MId=o100100050072|Strong=0376 14 נִכְלָמִ֣ים כָּלַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur 2 advcl _ Gloss=humiliated|Ref=2SA_10:5!8|MId=o100100050081|Strong=3637|Frame=A0:100100050072;|Type=participle_active 15 מְאֹ֑ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=2SA_10:5!9|MId=o100100050091|Strong=3966 16-17 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:5!10|MId=o100100050101|Strong=2050b 17 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_10:5!10|MId=o100100050102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100100050112;|Type=wayyiqtol 18-19 הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_10:5!11|MId=o100100050111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_10:5!11|MId=o100100050112|Strong=4428 20 שְׁב֣וּ יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 17 ccomp _ Gloss=remain|Ref=2SA_10:5!12|MId=o100100050121|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:100100050072;|Type=imperative 21-22 בִֽירֵח֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בִֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_10:5!13|MId=o100100050131|Strong=0871a 22 ירֵח֔וֹ יְרִיחֹו־יְרִחֹו PROPN _ _ 20 obl _ Gloss=Jericho|Ref=2SA_10:5!13|MId=o100100050132|Strong=3405 23 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=2SA_10:5!14|MId=o100100050141|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 24 יְצַמַּ֥ח צָמַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 20 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.grow.back|Ref=2SA_10:5!15|MId=o100100050151|Strong=6779|Frame=A0:100100050161;|Type=yiqtol 25-26 זְקַנְכֶ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 זְקַנ זָקָן NOUN _ Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=beard|Ref=2SA_10:5!16|MId=o100100050161|Strong=2206 26 ְכֶ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2SA_10:5!16|MId=o100100050162|Strong=3641b|Type=pronominal 27-28 וְשַׁבְתֶּֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:5!17|MId=o100100050171|Strong=2050b 28 שַׁבְתֶּֽם שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 20 conj _ Gloss=you.will.return|Ref=2SA_10:5!17|MId=o100100050172|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:100100050072;|Type=weqatal 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=2SA_10:5!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּגִּדוּ *people told* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | יִּשְׁלַח *he sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָוִד *David* | | | | | קְרָאת *meet* | infinitive construct · qal | | ָם *them* | | | | הָיוּ *they were* | qatal · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | נִכְלָמִים *humiliated* | participle active · niphal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | שְׁבוּ *remain* | imperative · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | | יְצַמַּח *it will grow back* | yiqtol · piel | זְקַנ *beard* | | | | | שַׁבְתֶּֽם *you will return* | weqatal · qal | אֲנָשִׁים *men* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְחַוִיאוּ לְדָוִד וּשְׁלַח לָקֳדָמוּתְהוֹן אֲרֵי הֲווֹ גַבְרַיָא מִתְכַּלְמִין לַחֲדָא וַאֲמַר מַלְכָּא תְּבוּ בִירֵיחוֹ עַד דְיִצְמַח דִקְנֵיכוֹן וּתְתוּבוּן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [When they told it unto David, he sent to meet them; for the men were greatly ashamed.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.249/) 2. [And the king said: 'Tarry at Jericho until your beards be grown, and then return.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.250/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:222`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 10:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.4/) - next →: [2 Samuel 10:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.6/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/)