--- title: 2 Samuel 10:6 — And when the children of Ammon saw that they were become odious to D… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when the children of Ammon saw that they were become odious to David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Arameans of Beth-rehob, and the Arameans of Zobah, twenty thousand footmen, and the king of Maacah with a thousand men, and the men of Tob twelve thousand men. Who acts: children. 2 Sam --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/) / 10:6 # 2 Samuel 10:6 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** children · **What happens:** see, become, send, hire · **To what, where:** Arameans · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 10:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children — and what happens in the verse to Arameans, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּרְאוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן כִּ֥י נִבְאֲשׁ֖וּ בְּדָוִ֑ד וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֡וֹן וַיִּשְׂכְּרוּ֩ אֶת־אֲרַ֨מ בֵּית־רְח֜וֹב אֲרַ֨מ בֵּית־רְח֜וֹבאֲרַ֨מ בֵּית־רְח֜וֹב וְאֶת־אֲרַ֣מ צוֹבָ֗א אֲרַ֣מ צוֹבָ֗א עֶשְׂרִ֥ים אֶ֙לֶף֙ רַגְלִ֔י וְאֶת־מֶ֤לֶךְ מַֽעֲכָה֙ אֶ֣לֶף אִ֔ישׁ וְאִ֣ישׁ ט֔וֹב שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֥ר אֶ֖לֶף אִֽישׁ׃ [And when the children of Ammon saw that they were become odious to David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Arameans of Beth-rehob, and the Arameans of Zobah, twenty thousand footmen, and the king of Maacah with a thousand men, and the men of Tob twelve thousand men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.251/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:223 # text = וַיִּרְאוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן כִּ֥י נִבְאֲשׁ֖וּ בְּדָוִ֑ד וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ בְנֵֽי־עַמּ֡וֹן וַיִּשְׂכְּרוּ֩ אֶת־אֲרַ֨מ בֵּית־רְח֜וֹב אֲרַ֨מ בֵּית־רְח֜וֹבאֲרַ֨מ בֵּית־רְח֜וֹב וְאֶת־אֲרַ֣מ צוֹבָ֗א אֲרַ֣מ צוֹבָ֗א עֶשְׂרִ֥ים אֶ֙לֶף֙ רַגְלִ֔י וְאֶת־מֶ֤לֶךְ מַֽעֲכָה֙ אֶ֣לֶף אִ֔ישׁ וְאִ֣ישׁ ט֔וֹב שְׁנֵים־עָשָׂ֥ר אֶ֖לֶף אִֽישׁ׃ # verse = 2SA.10.6 1-2 וַיִּרְאוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:6!1|MId=o100100060011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּרְאוּ֙ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.saw|Ref=2SA_10:6!1|MId=o100100060012|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:100100060021;A1:100100060051;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 בְּנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2SA_10:6!2|MId=o100100060021|Strong=1121 4 עַמּ֔וֹן עַמּוֹן PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ammon|Ref=2SA_10:6!3|MId=o100100060031|Strong=5983 5 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 6 mark _ Gloss=(dm).that|Ref=2SA_10:6!4|MId=o100100060041|Strong=3588 6 נִבְאֲשׁ֖וּ בָּאַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=they.had.made.themselves.odious|Ref=2SA_10:6!5|MId=o100100060051|Strong=0887|Frame=A0:100100060021;|Type=qatal 7-8 בְּדָוִ֑ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_10:6!6|MId=o100100060061|Strong=0871a 8 דָוִ֑ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 6 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_10:6!6|MId=o100100060062|Strong=1732 9-10 וַיִּשְׁלְח֣וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:6!7|MId=o100100060071|Strong=2050b 10 יִּשְׁלְח֣וּ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.sent|Ref=2SA_10:6!7|MId=o100100060072|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:100100060081;|Type=wayyiqtol 11 בְנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 10 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2SA_10:6!8|MId=o100100060081|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 12 עַמּ֡וֹן עַמּוֹן PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ammon|Ref=2SA_10:6!9|MId=o100100060091|Strong=5983 13-14 וַיִּשְׂכְּרוּ֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:6!10|MId=o100100060101|Strong=2050b 14 יִּשְׂכְּרוּ֩ שָׂכַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.hired|Ref=2SA_10:6!10|MId=o100100060102|Strong=7936|Frame=A0:100100060081;A1:100100060121;100100060141;100100060191;100100060221;100100060232;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_10:6!11|MId=o100100060111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 16 אֲרַ֨מ אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 14 obj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=2SA_10:6!12|MId=o100100060121 17 בֵּית־רְח֜וֹב _ PROPN _ _ 16 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_10:6!12 18 אֲרַ֨מ בֵּית PROPN _ _ 16 nmod _ Gloss=Beth|Ref=2SA_10:6!13|MId=o100100060131 19-20 בֵּית־רְח֜וֹבאֲרַ֨מ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בֵּית־רְח֜וֹב רְחֹוב PROPN _ _ 18 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_10:6!13 20 אֲרַ֨מ בֵּיתרְחוֹב PROPN _ _ 16 nmod _ Gloss=Rehob|Ref=2SA_10:6!14|MId=o100100060141 21 בֵּית־רְח֜וֹב _ PROPN _ _ 20 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_10:6!14 22-23 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:6!15|MId=o100100060151|Strong=2050b 23 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_10:6!15|MId=o100100060152|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 24 אֲרַ֣מ אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 16 conj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=2SA_10:6!16|MId=o100100060161 25 צוֹבָ֗א _ PROPN _ _ 24 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_10:6!16 26 אֲרַ֣מ צוֹבָא PROPN _ _ 24 nmod _ Gloss=Zobah|Ref=2SA_10:6!17|MId=o100100060171 27 צוֹבָ֗א _ PROPN _ _ 26 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_10:6!17 28 עֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֶשְׂרִים NUM _ Number=Plur 30 nummod _ Gloss=twenty|Ref=2SA_10:6!18|MId=o100100060181|Strong=6242|Type=cardinal_number 29 אֶ֙לֶף֙ אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 28 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=2SA_10:6!19|MId=o100100060191|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 30 רַגְלִ֔י רַגְלִי ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 appos _ Gloss=foot.soldier[s]|Ref=2SA_10:6!20|MId=o100100060201|Strong=7273|Type=adjective 31-32 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:6!21|MId=o100100060211|Strong=2050b 32 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_10:6!21|MId=o100100060212|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 33 מֶ֤לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2SA_10:6!22|MId=o100100060221|Strong=4428 34 מַֽעֲכָה֙ מַעֲכָה PROPN _ _ 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Maacah|Ref=2SA_10:6!23|MId=o100100060231|Strong=4601a 35 אֶ֣לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 36 nummod _ Gloss=one.thousand|Ref=2SA_10:6!24|MId=o100100060241|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 36 אִ֔ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 conj _ Gloss=man|Ref=2SA_10:6!25|MId=o100100060251|Strong=0376 37-38 וְאִ֣ישׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:6!26|MId=o100100060261|Strong=2050b 38 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 conj _ Gloss=the.man|Ref=2SA_10:6!26|MId=o100100060262|Strong=0376 39 ט֔וֹב טוֹב PROPN _ _ 38 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Tob|Ref=2SA_10:6!27|MId=o100100060271|Strong=2897 40 שְׁנֵים־ שְׁנַיִם NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 43 nummod _ Gloss=two.plus|Ref=2SA_10:6!28|MId=o100100060281|Strong=8147|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 41 עָשָׂ֥ר עָשָׂר NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 40 flat _ Gloss=ten|Ref=2SA_10:6!29|MId=o100100060291|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 42 אֶ֖לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 40 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=2SA_10:6!30|MId=o100100060301|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 43 אִֽישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 appos _ Gloss=man|Ref=2SA_10:6!31|MId=o100100060311|Strong=0376|SpaceAfter=No 44 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 43 punct _ Ref=2SA_10:6!31 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּרְאוּ *they saw* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְּנֵי *the people* | נִבְאֲשׁוּ *they had made themselves odious* | | | | נִבְאֲשׁוּ *they had made themselves odious* | qatal · niphal | בְּנֵי *the people* | | | | | יִּשְׁלְחוּ *they sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the people* | | | | | יִּשְׂכְּרוּ *they hired* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְנֵֽי־ *the people* | אֲרַמ *Aram* + אֲרַמ *Rehob* + אֶלֶף *thousand* + מֶלֶךְ *the king* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַחֲזוֹ בְנֵי עַמוֹן אֲרֵי אִתְגָרִיאוּ בְדָוִד וּשְׁלַחוּ בְנֵי עַמוֹן וַאֲגָרוּ יַת אֲרַם בֵּית רְחוֹב וְיַת אֲרַם צוֹבָא עַסְרִין אַלְפִין גְבַר רִגְלֵי וְיַת מֶלֶךְ מַעֲכָה אֲלַף גְבַר וְאִישׁ טוֹב תְּרֵי עֲסַר אַלְפִין גַבְרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when the children of Ammon saw that they were become odious to David, the children of Ammon sent and hired the Arameans of Beth-rehob, and the Arameans of Zobah, twenty thousand footmen, and the king of Maacah with a thousand men, and the men of Tob twelve thousand men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.251/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:223`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 10:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.5/) - next →: [2 Samuel 10:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.7/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/)