--- title: 2 Samuel 10:8 — And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at t… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entrance of the gate; and the Arameans of Zobah, and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Maacah, were by themselves in the field. Who acts: children, Arameans. 2 Samuel 10:8 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.8/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/) / 10:8 # 2 Samuel 10:8 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** children, Arameans · **What happens:** come out, put, be · **To what, where:** battle, array, field This is 2 Samuel 10:8 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — children, Arameans — and what happens in the verse to battle, array, field, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ מִלְחָמָ֖ה פֶּ֣תַח הַשָּׁ֑עַר וַאֲרַ֨מ צוֹבָ֤א אֲרַ֨מ צוֹבָ֤א וּרְחוֹב֙ וְאִֽישׁ־ט֣וֹב וּמַֽעֲכָ֔ה לְבַדָּ֖ם בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃ [And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entrance of the gate; and the Arameans of Zobah, and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.253/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:225 # text = וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י עַמּ֔וֹן וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ מִלְחָמָ֖ה פֶּ֣תַח הַשָּׁ֑עַר וַאֲרַ֨מ צוֹבָ֤א אֲרַ֨מ צוֹבָ֤א וּרְחוֹב֙ וְאִֽישׁ־ט֣וֹב וּמַֽעֲכָ֔ה לְבַדָּ֖ם בַּשָּׂדֶֽה׃ # verse = 2SA.10.8 1-2 וַיֵּֽצְאוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:8!1|MId=o100100080011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּֽצְאוּ֙ יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.went.out|Ref=2SA_10:8!1|MId=o100100080012|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:100100080021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 בְּנֵ֣י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2SA_10:8!2|MId=o100100080021|Strong=1121 4 עַמּ֔וֹן עַמּוֹן PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ammon|Ref=2SA_10:8!3|MId=o100100080031|Strong=5983 5-6 וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:8!4|MId=o100100080041|Strong=2050b 6 יַּעַרְכ֥וּ עָרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.deployed|Ref=2SA_10:8!4|MId=o100100080042|Strong=6186|Frame=A0:100100080021;A1:100100080051;|Type=wayyiqtol 7 מִלְחָמָ֖ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 obj _ Gloss=battle|Ref=2SA_10:8!5|MId=o100100080051|Strong=4421 8 פֶּ֣תַח פֶּתַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.entrance|Ref=2SA_10:8!6|MId=o100100080061|Strong=6607 9-10 הַשָּׁ֑עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_10:8!7|MId=o100100080071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 שָּׁ֑עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.gate|Ref=2SA_10:8!7|MId=o100100080072|Strong=8179 11-12 וַאֲרַ֨מ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:8!8|MId=o100100080081|Strong=2050b 12 אֲרַ֨מ אֲרָם PROPN _ _ 28 nsubj _ Gloss=Aram|Ref=2SA_10:8!8|MId=o100100080082 13 צוֹבָ֤א _ PROPN _ _ 12 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_10:8!8 14 אֲרַ֨מ צוֹבָא PROPN _ _ 12 conj _ Gloss=Zobah|Ref=2SA_10:8!9|MId=o100100080091 15 צוֹבָ֤א _ PROPN _ _ 14 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_10:8!9 16-17 וּרְחוֹב֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:8!10|MId=o100100080101|Strong=2050b 17 רְחוֹב֙ רְחֹב PROPN _ _ 12 conj _ Gloss=Rehob|Ref=2SA_10:8!10|MId=o100100080102|Strong=7340a 18-19 וְאִֽישׁ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:8!11|MId=o100100080111|Strong=2050b 19 אִֽישׁ־ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=the.man|Ref=2SA_10:8!11|MId=o100100080112|Strong=0376 20 ט֣וֹב טוֹב PROPN _ _ 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Tob|Ref=2SA_10:8!12|MId=o100100080121|Strong=2897 21-22 וּמַֽעֲכָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_10:8!13|MId=o100100080131|Strong=2050b 22 מַֽעֲכָ֔ה מַעֲכָה PROPN _ _ 12 conj _ Gloss=Maacah|Ref=2SA_10:8!13|MId=o100100080132|Strong=4601a 23-25 לְבַדָּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=[were]|Ref=2SA_10:8!14|MId=o100100080141|Strong=3807a 24 בַדּ בַּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 obl _ Gloss=they|Ref=2SA_10:8!14|MId=o100100080142|Strong=0905 25 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=alone|Ref=2SA_10:8!14|MId=o100100080143|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 26-28 בַּשָּׂדֶֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_10:8!15|MId=o100100080151|Strong=0871a 27 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the.open|Ref=2SA_10:8!15|MId=o100100080151ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 שָּׂדֶֽה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=country|Ref=2SA_10:8!15|MId=o100100080152|Strong=7704 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=2SA_10:8!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּֽצְאוּ *they went out* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְּנֵי *the people* | | | | | יַּעַרְכוּ *they deployed* | wayyiqtol · qal | בְּנֵי *the people* | מִלְחָמָה *battle* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּנְפַקוּ בְּנֵי עַמוֹן וּסְדָרוּ קְרָבָא בְּמַעֲלָנָא דְתַרְעָא וַאֲרַם צוֹבָא וּרְחוֹב וְאִישׁ טוֹב וּמַעֲכָה בִּלְחוֹדֵיהוֹן בְּחַקְלָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the children of Ammon came out, and put the battle in array at the entrance of the gate; and the Arameans of Zobah, and of Rehob, and the men of Tob and Maacah, were by themselves in the field.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.253/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:225`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 10:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.7/) - next →: [2 Samuel 10:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.10.9/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/10/)