--- title: 2 Samuel 11:20 — it shall be that, if the king's wrath arise, and he say unto thee: W… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: it shall be that, if the king's wrath arise, and he say unto thee: Wherefore went ye so nigh unto the city to fight? knew ye not that they would shoot from the wall? Who acts: thing, wrath, ye, kings. 2 Samuel 11:20 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.11.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/11/) / 11:20 # 2 Samuel 11:20 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** thing, wrath, ye, kings · **What happens:** be, arise, say, go, fight, not know · **To what, where:** wall · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 11:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thing, wrath, ye, kings — and what happens in the verse to wall, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהָיָ֗ה אִֽם־תַּעֲלֶה֙ חֲמַ֣ת הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאָמַ֣ר לְךָ֔ מַדּ֛וּעַ נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם אֶל־הָעִ֖יר לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם הֲל֣וֹא יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יֹר֖וּ מֵעַ֥ל הַחוֹמָֽה׃ [it shall be that, if the king's wrath arise, and he say unto thee: Wherefore went ye so nigh unto the city to fight? knew ye not that they would shoot from the wall?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.289/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:256 # text = וְהָיָ֗ה אִֽם־תַּעֲלֶה֙ חֲמַ֣ת הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאָמַ֣ר לְךָ֔ מַדּ֛וּעַ נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם אֶל־הָעִ֖יר לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם הֲל֣וֹא יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יֹר֖וּ מֵעַ֥ל הַחוֹמָֽה׃ # verse = 2SA.11.20 1-2 וְהָיָ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_11:20!1|MId=o100110200011|Strong=2050b 2 הָיָ֗ה הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.will.be|Ref=2SA_11:20!1|MId=o100110200012|Strong=1961|Type=weqatal 3 אִֽם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=2SA_11:20!2|MId=o100110200021|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 4 תַּעֲלֶה֙ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=it.will.rise|Ref=2SA_11:20!3|MId=o100110200031|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:100110200041;|Type=yiqtol 5 חֲמַ֣ת חֵמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 nsubj _ Gloss=the.anger|Ref=2SA_11:20!4|MId=o100110200041|Strong=2534 6-7 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_11:20!5|MId=o100110200051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2SA_11:20!5|MId=o100110200052|Strong=4428 8-9 וְאָמַ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_11:20!6|MId=o100110200061|Strong=2050b 9 אָמַ֣ר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 conj _ Gloss=he.will.say|Ref=2SA_11:20!6|MId=o100110200062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100110200052;A1:100110200091;|Type=weqatal 10-11 לְךָ֔ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 ל לְ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_11:20!7|MId=o100110200071|Strong=3807a 11 ְךָ֔ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2SA_11:20!7|MId=o100110200072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 12 מַדּ֛וּעַ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=2SA_11:20!8|MId=o100110200081|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 13 נִגַּשְׁתֶּ֥ם נָגַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 9 ccomp _ Gloss=did.you.draw.near|Ref=2SA_11:20!9|MId=o100110200091|Strong=5066|Frame=A0:100110180021;100110190032;100110170102;|Type=qatal 14 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_11:20!10|MId=o100110200101|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 15-16 הָעִ֖יר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_11:20!11|MId=o100110200111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 עִ֖יר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=2SA_11:20!11|MId=o100110200112|Strong=5892 17-18 לְהִלָּחֵ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_11:20!12|MId=o100110200121|Strong=3807a 18 הִלָּחֵ֑ם לָחַם VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 13 advcl _ Gloss=fight|Ref=2SA_11:20!12|MId=o100110200122|Strong=3898|Frame=A0:100110180021;100110190032;100110170102;|Type=infinitive_construct 19-20 הֲל֣וֹא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הֲ הֲ PART _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=?|Ref=2SA_11:20!13|MId=o100110200131|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 20 ל֣וֹא לֹא ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_11:20!13|MId=o100110200132|Strong=3808|Type=negative 21 יְדַעְתֶּ֔ם יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 13 parataxis _ Gloss=did.you.know|Ref=2SA_11:20!14|MId=o100110200141|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:100110180021;100110190032;100110170102;A1:100110200171;|Type=qatal 22 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 21 obj _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_11:20!15|MId=o100110200151|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 23 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=how|Ref=2SA_11:20!16|MId=o100110200161|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 24 יֹר֖וּ ירה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 22 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.will.shoot|Ref=2SA_11:20!17|MId=o100110200171|Strong=3384|Frame=A0:100110200112;|Type=yiqtol 25-26 מֵעַ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_11:20!18|MId=o100110200181|Strong=4480 26 עַ֥ל עַל ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_11:20!18|MId=o100110200182|Strong=5921 27-28 הַחוֹמָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_11:20!19|MId=o100110200191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 חוֹמָֽה חוֹמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=wall|Ref=2SA_11:20!19|MId=o100110200192|Strong=2346 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=2SA_11:20!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · assert · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תַּעֲלֶה *it will rise* | yiqtol · qal | חֲמַת *the anger* | | | | | אָמַר *he will say* | weqatal · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *the king* | נִגַּשְׁתֶּם *did you draw near* | | | | נִגַּשְׁתֶּם *did you draw near* | qatal · niphal | | | | | | הִלָּחֵם *fight* | infinitive construct · niphal | | | | | | **not** יְדַעְתֶּם *did you know* | qatal · qal | | יֹרוּ *they will shoot* | | | | יֹרוּ *they will shoot* | yiqtol · hiphil | עִיר *city* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וִיהֵי אִם יִדְלַק רוּגְזָא דְמַלְכָּא וְיֵימַר לָךְ מָא דֵין אִתְקַרֵבְתּוּן לְקַרְתָּא לְאַגָחָא הֲלָא יְדַעְתּוּן יַת דְיִרְמוֹן עֲלֵיכוֹן מִן שׁוּרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [it shall be that, if the king's wrath arise, and he say unto thee: Wherefore went ye so nigh unto the city to fight? knew ye not that they would shoot from the wall?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.289/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:256`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 11:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.11.19/) - next →: [2 Samuel 11:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.11.21/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/11/)