--- title: 2 Samuel 12:17 — And the elders of his house arose, and stood beside him, to raise hi… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the elders of his house arose, and stood beside him, to raise him up from the earth; but he would not, neither did he eat bread with them. Who acts: elders, David. 2 Samuel 12:17 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.12.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/12/) / 12:17 # 2 Samuel 12:17 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** elders, David · **What happens:** arise, stand, raise up, eat · **To what, where:** David, earth, bread This is 2 Samuel 12:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — elders, David — and what happens in the verse to David, earth, bread, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּקֻ֜מוּ זִקְנֵ֤י בֵיתוֹ֙ עָלָ֔יו לַהֲקִימ֖וֹ מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלֹ֣א אָבָ֔ה וְלֹֽא־בָרָ֥א אִתָּ֖ם לָֽחֶם׃ [And the elders of his house arose, and stood beside him, to raise him up from the earth; but he would not, neither did he eat bread with them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.318/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:280 # text = וַיָּקֻ֜מוּ זִקְנֵ֤י בֵיתוֹ֙ עָלָ֔יו לַהֲקִימ֖וֹ מִן־הָאָ֑רֶץ וְלֹ֣א אָבָ֔ה וְלֹֽא־בָרָ֥א אִתָּ֖ם לָֽחֶם׃ # verse = 2SA.12.17 1-2 וַיָּקֻ֜מוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:17!1|MId=o100120170011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּקֻ֜מוּ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.stood|Ref=2SA_12:17!1|MId=o100120170012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:100120170021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 זִקְנֵ֤י זָקֵן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.elders|Ref=2SA_12:17!2|MId=o100120170021|Strong=2205|Type=adjective 4-5 בֵיתוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 בֵית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.house|Ref=2SA_12:17!3|MId=o100120170031|Strong=1004 5 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_12:17!3|MId=o100120170032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6-7 עָלָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 עָלָ֔י עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_12:17!4|MId=o100120170041|Strong=5921 7 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_12:17!4|MId=o100120170042|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 8-10 לַהֲקִימ֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_12:17!5|MId=o100120170051|Strong=3807a 9 הֲקִימ קוּם VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 advcl _ Gloss=raise|Ref=2SA_12:17!5|MId=o100120170052|Strong=6965|Frame=AA:100120170021;A0:100120170053;|Type=infinitive_construct 10 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_12:17!5|MId=o100120170053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_12:17!6|MId=o100120170061|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 הָאָ֑רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_12:17!7|MId=o100120170071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 אָ֑רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 9 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=2SA_12:17!7|MId=o100120170072|Strong=0776 14-15 וְלֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:17!8|MId=o100120170081|Strong=2050b 15 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 16 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_12:17!8|MId=o100120170082|Strong=3808|Type=negative 16 אָבָ֔ה אָבָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.was.willing|Ref=2SA_12:17!9|MId=o100120170091|Strong=0014|Frame=A0:100120160081;|Type=qatal 17-18 וְלֹֽא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:17!10|MId=o100120170101|Strong=2050b 18 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 19 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_12:17!10|MId=o100120170102|Strong=3808|Type=negative 19 בָרָ֥א בָּרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.ate|Ref=2SA_12:17!11|MId=o100120170111|Strong=1262|Frame=A0:100120160081;A1:100120170131;|Type=qatal 20-21 אִתָּ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_12:17!12|MId=o100120170121|Strong=0854 21 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=2SA_12:17!12|MId=o100120170122|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 22 לָֽחֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 obj _ Gloss=food|Ref=2SA_12:17!13|MId=o100120170131|Strong=3899|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=2SA_12:17!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקֻמוּ *they stood* | wayyiqtol · qal | זִקְנֵי *the elders* | | | | | הֲקִימ *raise* | infinitive construct · hiphil | וֹ *him* | | | זִקְנֵי *the elders* | | **not** אָבָה *he was willing* | qatal · qal | | | | | | **not** בָרָא *he ate* | qatal · qal | | לָֽחֶם *food* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָמוּ סָבֵי בֵיתֵיהּ עֲלוֹהִי לַאֲקָמוּתֵיהּ מִן אַרְעָא וְלָא אֲבָא וְלָא אֲכָל עִמְהוֹן לַחְמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the elders of his house arose, and stood beside him, to raise him up from the earth; but he would not, neither did he eat bread with them.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.318/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:280`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 12:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.12.16/) - next →: [2 Samuel 12:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.12.18/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/12/)