--- title: 2 Samuel 12:20 — Then David arose from the earth, and washed, and anointed himself, a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then David arose from the earth, and washed, and anointed himself, and changed his apparel; and he came into the house of the LORD, and worshipped; then he came to his own house; and when he required, they set bread before him, and he did eat. Who acts: David, children. 2 Samuel 12:20 in Hebrew with --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.12.20/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/12/) / 12:20 # 2 Samuel 12:20 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** David, children · **What happens:** arise, wash, anoint, change, come, worship · **To what, where:** earth, David, apparel, house, own house, bread This is 2 Samuel 12:20 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, children — and what happens in the verse to earth, David, apparel, house, own house, bread, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּקָם֩ דָּוִ֨ד מֵהָאָ֜רֶץ וַיִּרְחַ֣ץ וַיָּ֗סֶךְ וַיְחַלֵּף֙ שִׂמְלֹתָ֔יו וַיָּבֹ֥א בֵית־יְהוָ֖ה וַיִּשְׁתָּ֑חוּ וַיָּבֹא֙ אֶל־בֵּית֔וֹ וַיִּשְׁאַ֕ל וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ ל֛וֹ לֶ֖חֶם וַיֹּאכַֽל׃ [Then David arose from the earth, and washed, and anointed himself, and changed his apparel; and he came into the house of the LORD, and worshipped; then he came to his own house; and when he required, they set bread before him, and he did eat.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.322/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:283 # text = וַיָּקָם֩ דָּוִ֨ד מֵהָאָ֜רֶץ וַיִּרְחַ֣ץ וַיָּ֗סֶךְ וַיְחַלֵּף֙ שִׂמְלֹתָ֔יו וַיָּבֹ֥א בֵית־יְהוָ֖ה וַיִּשְׁתָּ֑חוּ וַיָּבֹא֙ אֶל־בֵּית֔וֹ וַיִּשְׁאַ֕ל וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ ל֛וֹ לֶ֖חֶם וַיֹּאכַֽל׃ # verse = 2SA.12.20 1-2 וַיָּקָם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:20!1|MId=o100120200011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּקָם֩ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=2SA_12:20!1|MId=o100120200012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:100120200021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֨ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_12:20!2|MId=o100120200021|Strong=1732 4-6 מֵהָאָ֜רֶץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_12:20!3|MId=o100120200031|Strong=4480 5 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_12:20!3|MId=o100120200032|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אָ֜רֶץ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=2SA_12:20!3|MId=o100120200033|Strong=0776 7-8 וַיִּרְחַ֣ץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:20!4|MId=o100120200041|Strong=2050b 8 יִּרְחַ֣ץ רָחַץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.bathed|Ref=2SA_12:20!4|MId=o100120200042|Strong=7364|Frame=A0:100120200021;|Type=wayyiqtol 9-10 וַיָּ֗סֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:20!5|MId=o100120200051|Strong=2050b 10 יָּ֗סֶךְ סוּךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.anointed.himself|Ref=2SA_12:20!5|MId=o100120200052|Strong=5480|Frame=A0:100120200021;|Type=wayyiqtol 11-12 וַיְחַלֵּף֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:20!6|MId=o100120200061|Strong=2050b 12 יְחַלֵּף֙ חָלַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.changed|Ref=2SA_12:20!6|MId=o100120200062|Strong=2498|Frame=A0:100120200021;A1:100120200081;|Type=wayyiqtol 13-14 שִׂמְלֹתָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 שִׂמְלֹתָ֔י שִׂמְלָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 12 obj _ Gloss=garments|Ref=2SA_12:20!8|MId=o100120200081|Strong=8071 14 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_12:20!8|MId=o100120200082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15-16 וַיָּבֹ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:20!9|MId=o100120200091|Strong=2050b 16 יָּבֹ֥א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=2SA_12:20!9|MId=o100120200092|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100120200021;|Type=wayyiqtol 17 בֵית־ בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=2SA_12:20!10|MId=o100120200101|Strong=1004|SpaceAfter=No 18 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=2SA_12:20!11|MId=o100120200111|Strong=3068 19-20 וַיִּשְׁתָּ֑חוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:20!12|MId=o100120200121|Strong=2050b 20 יִּשְׁתָּ֑חוּ חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.bowed.down|Ref=2SA_12:20!12|MId=o100120200122|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:100120200021;|Type=wayyiqtol 21-22 וַיָּבֹא֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:20!13|MId=o100120200131|Strong=2050b 22 יָּבֹא֙ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.went|Ref=2SA_12:20!13|MId=o100120200132|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100120200021;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_12:20!14|MId=o100120200141|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 בֵּית֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 בֵּית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=house|Ref=2SA_12:20!15|MId=o100120200151|Strong=1004 25 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 24 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his.own|Ref=2SA_12:20!15|MId=o100120200152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 26-27 וַיִּשְׁאַ֕ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:20!16|MId=o100120200161|Strong=2050b 27 יִּשְׁאַ֕ל שָׁאַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.asked|Ref=2SA_12:20!16|MId=o100120200162|Strong=7592|Frame=A0:100120200021;|Type=wayyiqtol 28-29 וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:20!17|MId=o100120200171|Strong=2050b 29 יָּשִׂ֥ימוּ שׂים VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.set|Ref=2SA_12:20!17|MId=o100120200172|Strong=7760|Frame=A0:100120190141;A1:100120200191;|Type=wayyiqtol 30-31 ל֛וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2SA_12:20!18|MId=o100120200181|Strong=3807a 31 ֛וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_12:20!18|MId=o100120200182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 32 לֶ֖חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 29 obj _ Gloss=food|Ref=2SA_12:20!19|MId=o100120200191|Strong=3899 33-34 וַיֹּאכַֽל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_12:20!20|MId=o100120200201|Strong=2050b 34 יֹּאכַֽל אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.ate|Ref=2SA_12:20!20|MId=o100120200202|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:100120200021;A1:100120200191;|Type=wayyiqtol 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=2SA_12:20!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יִּרְחַץ *he bathed* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יָּסֶךְ *he anointed himself* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יְחַלֵּף *he changed* | wayyiqtol · piel | דָּוִד *David* | שִׂמְלֹתָי *garments* | | | | יָּבֹא *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יִּשְׁתָּחוּ *he bowed down* | wayyiqtol · hithpael | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יָּבֹא *he went* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יִּשְׁאַל *he asked* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יָּשִׂימוּ *they set* | wayyiqtol · qal | | לֶחֶם *food* | | | | יֹּאכַֽל *he ate* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | לֶחֶם *food* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָם דָוִד מִן אַרְעָא וּמְשַׁח וְשַׁף וְשַׁנֵי כְּסוּתֵיהּ וְעַל לְבֵית מַקְדְשָׁא דַייָ וּסְגִיד וַאֲתָא לְבֵיתֵיהּ וּשְׁאֵיל וְשַׁוִיאוּ לֵיהּ לַחְמָא וַאֲכַל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then David arose from the earth, and washed, and anointed himself, and changed his apparel; and he came into the house of the LORD, and worshipped; then he came to his own house; and when he required, they set bread before him, and he did eat.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.322/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:283`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 12:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.12.19/) - next →: [2 Samuel 12:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.12.21/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/12/)