--- title: 2 Samuel 14:30 — Therefore he said unto his servants: 'See, Joab's field is near mine… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Therefore he said unto his servants: 'See, Joab's field is near mine, and he hath barley there; go and set it on fire.' And Absalom's servants set the field on fire. Who acts: Absalom, field, servants. 2 Samuel 14:30 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.30/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/14/) / 14:30 # 2 Samuel 14:30 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Absalom, field, servants · **What happens:** say, see, be, have, go, set · **To what, where:** barley, fire, field · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 14:30 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Absalom, field, servants — and what happens in the verse to barley, fire, field, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֶל־עֲבָדָ֜יו רְאוּ֩ חֶלְקַ֨ת יוֹאָ֤ב אֶל־יָדִי֙ וְלוֹ־שָׁ֣ם שְׂעֹרִ֔ים לְכ֖וּ וְהַצִּית֣וּהָ בָאֵ֑שׁ וַיַּצִּ֜תוּ עַבְדֵ֧י אַבְשָׁל֛וֹם אֶת־הַחֶלְקָ֖ה בָּאֵֽשׁ׃פ [Therefore he said unto his servants: 'See, Joab's field is near mine, and he hath barley there; go and set it on fire.' And Absalom's servants set the field on fire.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.414/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:363 # text = וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֶל־עֲבָדָ֜יו רְאוּ֩ חֶלְקַ֨ת יוֹאָ֤ב אֶל־יָדִי֙ וְלוֹ־שָׁ֣ם שְׂעֹרִ֔ים לְכ֖וּ וְהַצִּית֣וּהָ בָאֵ֑שׁ וַיַּצִּ֜תוּ עַבְדֵ֧י אַבְשָׁל֛וֹם אֶת־הַחֶלְקָ֖ה בָּאֵֽשׁ׃פ # verse = 2SA.14.30 1-2 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_14:30!1|MId=o100140300011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_14:30!1|MId=o100140300012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100140290021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_14:30!2|MId=o100140300021|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 עֲבָדָ֜יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 עֲבָדָ֜י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=servants|Ref=2SA_14:30!3|MId=o100140300031|Strong=5650 5 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 4 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_14:30!3|MId=o100140300032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6 רְאוּ֩ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=see|Ref=2SA_14:30!4|MId=o100140300041|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:100140300031;|Type=imperative 7 חֶלְקַ֨ת חֶלְקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=the.portion.of.land|Ref=2SA_14:30!5|MId=o100140300051|Strong=2513 8 יוֹאָ֤ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Joab|Ref=2SA_14:30!6|MId=o100140300061|Strong=3097 9 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=[is].to|Ref=2SA_14:30!7|MId=o100140300071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 10-11 יָדִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 6 parataxis _ Gloss=hand|Ref=2SA_14:30!8|MId=o100140300081|Strong=3027 11 ִי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_14:30!8|MId=o100140300082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 12-14 וְלוֹ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and.[belongs]|Ref=2SA_14:30!9|MId=o100140300091|Strong=2050b 13 ל לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_14:30!9|MId=o100140300092|Strong=3807a 14 וֹ־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 conj _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_14:30!9|MId=o100140300093|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15 שָׁ֣ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=2SA_14:30!10|MId=o100140300101|Strong=8033 16 שְׂעֹרִ֔ים שְׂעֹרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Plur 14 nsubj _ Gloss=barley(s)|Ref=2SA_14:30!11|MId=o100140300111|Strong=8184 17 לְכ֖וּ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 6 parataxis _ Gloss=go|Ref=2SA_14:30!12|MId=o100140300121|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:100140300031;|Type=imperative 18-20 וְהַצִּית֣וּהָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_14:30!14|MId=o100140300141|Strong=2050b 19 הַצִּית֣וּ יָצַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=2 17 conj _ Gloss=set|Ref=2SA_14:30!14|MId=o100140300142|Strong=3341|Frame=AA:100140300031;A0:100140300143;|Type=imperative 20 הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 obj _ Gloss=it.on.fire|Ref=2SA_14:30!14|MId=o100140300143|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 21-23 בָאֵ֑שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_14:30!15|MId=o100140300151|Strong=0871a 22 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_14:30!15|MId=o100140300151ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 אֵ֑שׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=2SA_14:30!15|MId=o100140300152|Strong=0784 24-25 וַיַּצִּ֜תוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_14:30!16|MId=o100140300161|Strong=2050b 25 יַּצִּ֜תוּ יָצַת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.set.on.fire|Ref=2SA_14:30!16|MId=o100140300162|Strong=3341|Frame=AA:100140300171;A0:100140300202;|Type=wayyiqtol 26 עַבְדֵ֧י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 nsubj _ Gloss=the.servants|Ref=2SA_14:30!17|MId=o100140300171|Strong=5650 27 אַבְשָׁל֛וֹם אַבְשָׁלֹום PROPN _ _ 26 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Absalom|Ref=2SA_14:30!18|MId=o100140300181|Strong=0053 28 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_14:30!19|MId=o100140300191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 29-30 הַחֶלְקָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the.portion|Ref=2SA_14:30!20|MId=o100140300201|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 חֶלְקָ֖ה חֶלְקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=of.land|Ref=2SA_14:30!20|MId=o100140300202|Strong=2513 31-33 בָּאֵֽשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 בָּ בְּ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_14:30!21|MId=o100140300211|Strong=0871a 32 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_14:30!21|MId=o100140300211ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 אֵֽשׁ אֵשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=fire|Ref=2SA_14:30!21|MId=o100140300212|Strong=0784 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=2SA_14:30!21|SpaceAfter=No 35 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=2SA_14:30!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | רְאוּ *see* | imperative · qal | עֲבָדָי *servants* | | | | | לְכוּ *go* | imperative · qal | עֲבָדָי *servants* | | | | | הַצִּיתוּ *set* | imperative · hiphil | הָ *it on fire* | | | עֲבָדָי *servants* | | יַּצִּתוּ *they set on fire* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | חֶלְקָה *of land* | | | עַבְדֵי *the servants* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר לְעַבְדוֹהִי חֲזוֹ אַחְסַנְתֵּיהּ דְיוֹאָב דִסְמִיכָא לְדִילִי וְלֵיהּ תַּמָן סְעוֹרִין אֱזִילוּ וְאַדְלְקוּהָ בְּנוּרָא וְאַדְלִיקוּ עַבְדֵי אַבְשָׁלוֹם יַת אַחְסַנְתֵּיהּ בְּנוּרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Therefore he said unto his servants: 'See, Joab's field is near mine, and he hath barley there; go and set it on fire.' And Absalom's servants set the field on fire.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.414/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:363`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 14:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.29/) - next →: [2 Samuel 14:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.31/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/14/)