--- title: 2 Samuel 14:32 — And Absalom answered Joab: 'Behold, I sent unto thee, saying: Come h… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Absalom answered Joab: 'Behold, I sent unto thee, saying: Come hither, that I may send thee to the king, to say: Wherefore am I come from Geshur? it were better for me to be there still; now therefore let me see the king's face; and if there be iniquity in me, let him kill me.' Who acts: Absalom --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.32/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/14/) / 14:32 # 2 Samuel 14:32 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Absalom, I, me, iniquity · **What happens:** answer, send, say, come, be, let · **To what, where:** Joab, thee, king, Geshur, me, face · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 14:32 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Absalom, I, me, iniquity — and what happens in the verse to Joab, thee, king, Geshur, me, face, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַבְשָׁל֣וֹם אֶל־יוֹאָ֡ב הִנֵּ֣ה שָׁלַ֣חְתִּי אֵלֶ֣יךָ ׀ לֵאמֹ֡ר בֹּ֣א הֵ֠נָּה וְאֶשְׁלְחָה֩ אֹתְךָ֨אֶל־הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לֵאמֹ֗ר לָ֤מָּה בָּ֙אתִי֙ מִגְּשׁ֔וּר ט֥וֹב לִ֖י עֹ֣ד אֲנִי־שָׁ֑ם וְעַתָּ֗ה אֶרְאֶה֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאִם־יֶשׁ־בִּ֥י עָוֺ֖ן וֶהֱמִתָֽנִי׃ [And Absalom answered Joab: 'Behold, I sent unto thee, saying: Come hither, that I may send thee to the king, to say: Wherefore am I come from Geshur? it were better for me to be there still; now therefore let me see the king's face; and if there be iniquity in me, let him kill me.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.416/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:365 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַבְשָׁל֣וֹם אֶל־יוֹאָ֡ב הִנֵּ֣ה שָׁלַ֣חְתִּי אֵלֶ֣יךָ ׀ לֵאמֹ֡ר בֹּ֣א הֵ֠נָּה וְאֶשְׁלְחָה֩ אֹתְךָ֨אֶל־הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לֵאמֹ֗ר לָ֤מָּה בָּ֙אתִי֙ מִגְּשׁ֔וּר ט֥וֹב לִ֖י עֹ֣ד אֲנִי־שָׁ֑ם וְעַתָּ֗ה אֶרְאֶה֙ פְּנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְאִם־יֶשׁ־בִּ֥י עָוֺ֖ן וֶהֱמִתָֽנִי׃ # verse = 2SA.14.32 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_14:32!1|MId=o100140320011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_14:32!1|MId=o100140320012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100140320021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַבְשָׁל֣וֹם אַבְשָׁלֹום PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Absalom|Ref=2SA_14:32!2|MId=o100140320021|Strong=0053 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_14:32!3|MId=o100140320031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 יוֹאָ֡ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=2SA_14:32!4|MId=o100140320041|Strong=3097 6 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 7 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=2SA_14:32!5|MId=o100140320051|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 7 שָׁלַ֣חְתִּי שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 ccomp _ Gloss=I.sent|Ref=2SA_14:32!6|MId=o100140320061|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:100140320021;|Type=qatal 8-9 אֵלֶ֣יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 אֵלֶ֣י אֶל ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_14:32!7|MId=o100140320071|Strong=0413 9 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2SA_14:32!7|MId=o100140320072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 10 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 9 punct _ Ref=2SA_14:32!7 11-12 לֵאמֹ֡ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 13 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=2SA_14:32!8|MId=o100140320081|Strong=3807a 12 אמֹ֡ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 11 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_14:32!8|MId=o100140320082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100140320021;A1:100140320091;100140320112;100140320251;100140320291;100140320322;|Type=infinitive_construct 13 בֹּ֣א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 7 advcl _ Gloss=come|Ref=2SA_14:32!9|MId=o100140320091|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100140320041;|Type=imperative 14 הֵ֠נָּה הֵנָּה ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=here|Ref=2SA_14:32!10|MId=o100140320101|Strong=2008 15-16 וְאֶשְׁלְחָה֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=2SA_14:32!11|MId=o100140320111|Strong=2050b 16 אֶשְׁלְחָה֩ שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 13 conj _ Gloss=that.I.may.send|Ref=2SA_14:32!11|MId=o100140320112|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:100140320021;A1:100140320122;|Type=cohortative 17-19 אֹתְךָ֨אֶל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_14:32!12|MId=o100140320121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 18 ְךָ֨ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=2SA_14:32!12|MId=o100140320122|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 19 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_14:32!13|MId=o100140320131|Strong=0413 20-21 הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_14:32!14|MId=o100140320141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 מֶּ֜לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_14:32!14|MId=o100140320142|Strong=4428 22-23 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 26 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=2SA_14:32!15|MId=o100140320151|Strong=3807a 23 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 22 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_14:32!15|MId=o100140320152|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100140320041;A1:100140320171;|Type=infinitive_construct 24-25 לָ֤מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לָ֤ לָמָה ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_14:32!16|MId=o100140320161|Strong=3807a 25 מָּה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 26 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=2SA_14:32!16|MId=o100140320162|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 26 בָּ֙אתִי֙ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 16 advcl _ Gloss=have.I.come|Ref=2SA_14:32!17|MId=o100140320171|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100140320021;|Type=qatal 27-28 מִגְּשׁ֔וּר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_14:32!18|MId=o100140320181|Strong=4480 28 גְּשׁ֔וּר גְּשׁוּר PROPN _ _ 26 obl _ Gloss=Geshur|Ref=2SA_14:32!18|MId=o100140320182|Strong=1650 29 ט֥וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].good|Ref=2SA_14:32!19|MId=o100140320191|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 30-31 לִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2SA_14:32!20|MId=o100140320201|Strong=3807a 31 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=2SA_14:32!20|MId=o100140320202|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 32 עֹ֣ד עוֹד ADV _ _ 34 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=2SA_14:32!21|MId=o100140320211|Strong=5750 33 אֲנִי־ אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 34 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2SA_14:32!22|MId=o100140320221|Strong=0589|Type=personal|SpaceAfter=No 34 שָׁ֑ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 29 nsubj _ Gloss=[was].there|Ref=2SA_14:32!23|MId=o100140320231|Strong=8033 35-36 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_14:32!24|MId=o100140320241|Strong=2050b 36 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 13 advmod _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=2SA_14:32!24|MId=o100140320242|Strong=6258 37 אֶרְאֶה֙ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 13 conj _ Gloss=let.me.see|Ref=2SA_14:32!25|MId=o100140320251|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:100140320021;A1:100140320261;|Type=cohortative 38 פְּנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 37 obj _ Gloss=the.face|Ref=2SA_14:32!26|MId=o100140320261|Strong=6440 39-40 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 40 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_14:32!27|MId=o100140320271|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 40 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2SA_14:32!27|MId=o100140320272|Strong=4428 41-42 וְאִם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 48 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_14:32!28|MId=o100140320281|Strong=2050b 42 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 43 mark _ Gloss=if|Ref=2SA_14:32!28|MId=o100140320282|Strong=0518 43 יֶשׁ־ יֵשׁ ADV _ _ 48 advcl _ Gloss=there.[is]|Ref=2SA_14:32!29|MId=o100140320291|Strong=3426|Type=demonstrative|SpaceAfter=No 44-45 בִּ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 45 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_14:32!30|MId=o100140320301|Strong=0871a 45 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 43 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=2SA_14:32!30|MId=o100140320302|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 46 עָוֺ֖ן עָוֺן NOUN _ Number=Sing 43 nsubj _ Gloss=iniquity|Ref=2SA_14:32!31|MId=o100140320311|Strong=5771 47-49 וֶהֱמִתָֽנִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47 וֶ וְ CCONJ _ _ 48 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_14:32!32|MId=o100140320321|Strong=2050b 48 הֱמִת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 37 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_14:32!32|MId=o100140320322|Strong=4191|Frame=AA:100140320272;A0:100140320323;|Type=weqatal 49 ָֽנִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 48 obj _ Gloss=will.kill.me|Ref=2SA_14:32!32|MId=o100140320323|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 50 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=2SA_14:32!32 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְשָׁלוֹם *Absalom* | | | | | שָׁלַחְתִּי *I sent* | qatal · qal | אַבְשָׁלוֹם *Absalom* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | אַבְשָׁלוֹם *Absalom* | בֹּא *come* + אֶשְׁלְחָה *that I may send* + אֶרְאֶה *let me see* + יֶשׁ־ *there \[is\]* + הֱמִת *he* | | | | בֹּא *come* | imperative · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | | | | | אֶשְׁלְחָה *that I may send* | cohortative · qal | אַבְשָׁלוֹם *Absalom* | ְךָ *you* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | בָּאתִי *have I come* | | | | בָּאתִי *have I come* | qatal · qal | אַבְשָׁלוֹם *Absalom* | | | | | אֶרְאֶה *let me see* | cohortative · qal | אַבְשָׁלוֹם *Absalom* | פְּנֵי *the face* | | | | הֱמִת *he* | weqatal · hiphil | ָֽנִי *will kill me* | | | מֶּלֶךְ *the king* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר אַבְשָׁלוֹם לְיוֹאָב הָא שְׁלָחִית לְוָתָךְ לְמֵימָר אִיתָא הַלְכָא וְאִשְׁלְחִינָךְ לְוַת מַלְכָּא לְמֵימַר לְמָה אָתֵיתִי מִגְשׁוּר טַב לִי עוֹד דַאֲנָא תַמָן וּכְעַן אֶחֱזֵי אַפֵּי מַלְכָּא וְאִם אִית בִּי חוֹבָא וְיִקְטְלִינַנִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Absalom answered Joab: 'Behold, I sent unto thee, saying: Come hither, that I may send thee to the king, to say: Wherefore am I come from Geshur? it were better for me to be there still; now therefore let me see the king's face; and if there be iniquity in me, let him kill me.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.416/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:365`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 14:31](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.31/) - next →: [2 Samuel 14:33](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.14.33/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 14](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/14/)