--- title: 2 Samuel 15:12 — And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counsellor, fr… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counsellor, from his city, even from Giloh, while he offered the sacrifices. And the conspiracy was strong; for the people increased continually with Absalom. Who acts: Absalom, conspiracy, people. 2 Samuel 15:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tre --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/15/) / 15:12 # 2 Samuel 15:12 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Absalom, conspiracy, people · **What happens:** send, offer, be, increase · **To what, where:** city, sacrifices This is 2 Samuel 15:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Absalom, conspiracy, people — and what happens in the verse to city, sacrifices, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח אַ֠בְשָׁלוֹם אֶת־אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל הַגִּֽילֹנִ֜י יוֹעֵ֣ץ דָּוִ֗ד מֵֽעִירוֹ֙ מִגִּלֹ֔ה בְּזָבְח֖וֹ אֶת־הַזְּבָחִ֑ים וַיְהִ֤י הַקֶּ֙שֶׁר֙ אַמִּ֔ץ וְהָעָ֛ם הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וָרָ֖ב אֶת־אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃ [And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counsellor, from his city, even from Giloh, while he offered the sacrifices.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.429/) [And the conspiracy was strong; for the people increased continually with Absalom.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.430/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:378 # text = וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח אַ֠בְשָׁלוֹם אֶת־אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל הַגִּֽילֹנִ֜י יוֹעֵ֣ץ דָּוִ֗ד מֵֽעִירוֹ֙ מִגִּלֹ֔ה בְּזָבְח֖וֹ אֶת־הַזְּבָחִ֑ים וַיְהִ֤י הַקֶּ֙שֶׁר֙ אַמִּ֔ץ וְהָעָ֛ם הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וָרָ֖ב אֶת־אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃ # verse = 2SA.15.12 1-2 וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:12!1|MId=o100150120011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּשְׁלַ֣ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=2SA_15:12!1|MId=o100150120012|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:100150120021;A1:100150120041;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אַ֠בְשָׁלוֹם אַבְשָׁלֹום PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Absalom|Ref=2SA_15:12!2|MId=o100150120021|Strong=0053 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_15:12!3|MId=o100150120031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 אֲחִיתֹ֨פֶל אֲחִיתֹפֶל PROPN _ _ 2 obj _ Gloss=Ahithophel|Ref=2SA_15:12!4|MId=o100150120041|Strong=0302 6-7 הַגִּֽילֹנִ֜י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_15:12!5|MId=o100150120051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 גִּֽילֹנִ֜י גִּילֹנִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=Gilonite|Ref=2SA_15:12!5|MId=o100150120052|Strong=1526|Type=gentilic 8 יוֹעֵ֣ץ יָעַץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=the.counselor|Ref=2SA_15:12!6|MId=o100150120061|Strong=3289a|Type=participle_active 9 דָּוִ֗ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=2SA_15:12!7|MId=o100150120071|Strong=1732 10-12 מֵֽעִירוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_15:12!8|MId=o100150120081|Strong=4480 11 עִיר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=city|Ref=2SA_15:12!8|MId=o100150120082|Strong=5892 12 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_15:12!8|MId=o100150120083|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13-14 מִגִּלֹ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_15:12!9|MId=o100150120091|Strong=4480 14 גִּלֹ֔ה גִּלֹה PROPN _ _ 11 nmod _ Gloss=Giloh|Ref=2SA_15:12!9|MId=o100150120092|Strong=1542 15-17 בְּזָבְח֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=2SA_15:12!10|MId=o100150120101|Strong=0871a 16 זָבְח זָבַח VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=sacrificed|Ref=2SA_15:12!10|MId=o100150120102|Strong=2076|Frame=A0:100150120103;A1:100150120122;|Type=infinitive_construct 17 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_15:12!10|MId=o100150120103|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_15:12!11|MId=o100150120111|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הַזְּבָחִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_15:12!12|MId=o100150120121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 זְּבָחִ֑ים זֶבַח NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 obj _ Gloss=sacrifices|Ref=2SA_15:12!12|MId=o100150120122|Strong=2077 21-22 וַיְהִ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:12!13|MId=o100150120131|Strong=2050b 22 יְהִ֤י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 25 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2SA_15:12!13|MId=o100150120132|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:100150120142;|Type=wayyiqtol 23-24 הַקֶּ֙שֶׁר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_15:12!14|MId=o100150120141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 קֶּ֙שֶׁר֙ קֶשֶׁר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 nsubj _ Gloss=conspiracy|Ref=2SA_15:12!14|MId=o100150120142|Strong=7195 25 אַמִּ֔ץ אַמִּיץ ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=strong|Ref=2SA_15:12!15|MId=o100150120151|Strong=0533|Type=adjective 26-28 וְהָעָ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:12!16|MId=o100150120161|Strong=2050b 27 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_15:12!16|MId=o100150120162|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 עָ֛ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=2SA_15:12!16|MId=o100150120163|Strong=5971 29 הוֹלֵ֥ךְ הָלַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].going|Ref=2SA_15:12!17|MId=o100150120171|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:100150120163;|Type=participle_active 30-31 וָרָ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 וָ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:12!18|MId=o100150120181|Strong=2050b 31 רָ֖ב רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 amod _ Gloss=numerous|Ref=2SA_15:12!18|MId=o100150120182|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 32 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_15:12!19|MId=o100150120191|Strong=0854|SpaceAfter=No 33 אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם אַבְשָׁלֹום PROPN _ _ 29 obl _ Gloss=Absalom|Ref=2SA_15:12!20|MId=o100150120201|Strong=0053|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=2SA_15:12!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּשְׁלַח *he sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְשָׁלוֹם *Absalom* | אֲחִיתֹפֶל *Ahithophel* | | | | זָבְח *sacrificed* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *he* | זְּבָחִים *sacrifices* | | | | יְהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | קֶּשֶׁר *conspiracy* | | | | | הוֹלֵךְ *\[was\] going* | participle active · qal | עָם *people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּשְׁלַח אַבְשָׁלוֹם יַת אֲחִיתוֹפֶל גִילוֹנָאָה מָלִיכָא דְדָוִד מִקַרְתֵּיהּ מִגִלֹה בְּדַבָּחוּתֵיהּ יַת דִבְחַיָא וַהֲוָה מַרְדָא תַּקִיף וְעַמָא אָזֵיל וְסַגִי עִם אַבְשָׁלוֹם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Absalom sent for Ahithophel the Gilonite, David's counsellor, from his city, even from Giloh, while he offered the sacrifices.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.429/) 2. [And the conspiracy was strong; for the people increased continually with Absalom.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.430/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:378`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 15:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.11/) - next →: [2 Samuel 15:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.13/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/15/)