--- title: 2 Samuel 15:18 — And all his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites,… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And all his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, six hundred men that came after him from Gath, passed on before the king. Who acts: servants, hundred men, Cherethites. 2 Samuel 15:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/15/) / 15:18 # 2 Samuel 15:18 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** servants, hundred men, Cherethites · **What happens:** pass on, come · **To what, where:** Gath This is 2 Samuel 15:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servants, hundred men, Cherethites — and what happens in the verse to Gath, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְכָל־עֲבָדָיו֙ עֹבְרִ֣ים עַל־יָד֔וֹ וְכָל־הַכְּרֵתִ֖י וְכָל־הַפְּלֵתִ֑י וְכָֽל־הַגִּתִּ֞ים שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֣וֹת אִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֤אוּ בְרַגְלוֹ֙ מִגַּ֔ת עֹבְרִ֖ים עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [And all his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, six hundred men that came after him from Gath, passed on before the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.437/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:384 # text = וְכָל־עֲבָדָיו֙ עֹבְרִ֣ים עַל־יָד֔וֹ וְכָל־הַכְּרֵתִ֖י וְכָל־הַפְּלֵתִ֑י וְכָֽל־הַגִּתִּ֞ים שֵׁשׁ־מֵא֣וֹת אִ֗ישׁ אֲשֶׁר־בָּ֤אוּ בְרַגְלוֹ֙ מִגַּ֔ת עֹבְרִ֖ים עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ # verse = 2SA.15.18 1-2 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:18!1|MId=o100150180011|Strong=2050b 2 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_15:18!1|MId=o100150180012|Strong=3605 3-4 עֲבָדָיו֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עֲבָדָי עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=servants|Ref=2SA_15:18!2|MId=o100150180021|Strong=5650 4 ו֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_15:18!2|MId=o100150180022|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 5 עֹבְרִ֣ים עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 0 root _ Gloss=[were].passing.by|Ref=2SA_15:18!3|MId=o100150180031|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100150180021;|Type=participle_active 6 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=2SA_15:18!4|MId=o100150180041|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 יָד֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=side|Ref=2SA_15:18!5|MId=o100150180051|Strong=3027 8 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_15:18!5|MId=o100150180052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9-10 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:18!6|MId=o100150180061|Strong=2050b 10 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_15:18!6|MId=o100150180062|Strong=3605 11-12 הַכְּרֵתִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_15:18!7|MId=o100150180071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 כְּרֵתִ֖י כְּרֵתִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Kerethite[s]|Ref=2SA_15:18!7|MId=o100150180072|Strong=3774|Type=gentilic 13-14 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:18!8|MId=o100150180081|Strong=2050b 14 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_15:18!8|MId=o100150180082|Strong=3605 15-16 הַפְּלֵתִ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_15:18!9|MId=o100150180091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 פְּלֵתִ֑י פְּלֵתִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Pelethite[s]|Ref=2SA_15:18!9|MId=o100150180092|Strong=6432|Type=gentilic 17-18 וְכָֽל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 18 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:18!10|MId=o100150180101|Strong=2050b 18 כָֽל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_15:18!10|MId=o100150180102|Strong=3605 19-20 הַגִּתִּ֞ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_15:18!11|MId=o100150180111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 גִּתִּ֞ים גִּתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Gittites|Ref=2SA_15:18!11|MId=o100150180112|Strong=1663|Type=gentilic 21 שֵׁשׁ־ שֵׁשׁ NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 nummod _ Gloss=six|Ref=2SA_15:18!12|MId=o100150180121|Strong=8337|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 22 מֵא֣וֹת מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Plur 21 flat _ Gloss=hundred(s)|Ref=2SA_15:18!13|MId=o100150180131|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 23 אִ֗ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 appos _ Gloss=man|Ref=2SA_15:18!14|MId=o100150180141|Strong=0376 24 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 25 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=2SA_15:18!15|MId=o100150180151|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 25 בָּ֤אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 23 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.had.come|Ref=2SA_15:18!16|MId=o100150180161|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100150180141;|Type=qatal 26-28 בְרַגְלוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 27 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=2SA_15:18!17|MId=o100150180171|Strong=0871a 27 רַגְל רֶגֶל NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 25 obl _ Gloss=foot|Ref=2SA_15:18!17|MId=o100150180172|Strong=7272 28 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_15:18!17|MId=o100150180173|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 29-30 מִגַּ֔ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 30 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_15:18!18|MId=o100150180181|Strong=4480 30 גַּ֔ת גַּת PROPN _ _ 25 obl _ Gloss=Gath|Ref=2SA_15:18!18|MId=o100150180182|Strong=1661 31 עֹבְרִ֖ים עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 5 conj _ Gloss=[were].passing.by|Ref=2SA_15:18!19|MId=o100150180191|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100150180072;100150180092;100150180112;|Type=participle_active 32 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_15:18!20|MId=o100150180201|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 33 פְּנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 31 obl _ Gloss=the.face|Ref=2SA_15:18!21|MId=o100150180211|Strong=6440 34-35 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 35 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_15:18!22|MId=o100150180221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 35 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2SA_15:18!22|MId=o100150180222|Strong=4428 36 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 35 punct _ Ref=2SA_15:18!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עֹבְרִים *\[were\] passing by* | participle active · qal | עֲבָדָי *servants* | | | | | בָּאוּ *they had come* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | עֹבְרִים *\[were\] passing by* | participle active · qal | כְּרֵתִי *Kerethite\[s\]* + פְּלֵתִי *Pelethite\[s\]* + גִּתִּים *Gittites* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְכָל עַבְדוֹהִי עָבְרִין עַל יְדוֹהִי וְכָל קַשָׁתַיָא וְכָל קַלְעַיָא וְכָל גִתָּאֵי שִׁית מְאָה גַבְרָא דְאָתָן עִמֵיהּ מִגַת עָבְרִין קֳדָם מַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And all his servants passed on beside him; and all the Cherethites, and all the Pelethites, and all the Gittites, six hundred men that came after him from Gath, passed on before the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.437/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:384`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 15:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.17/) - next →: [2 Samuel 15:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.19/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/15/)