--- title: 2 Samuel 15:22 — And David said to Ittai: 'Go and pass over.' And Ittai the Gittite p… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David said to Ittai: 'Go and pass over.' And Ittai the Gittite passed over, and all his men, and all the little ones that were with him. Who acts: David, Ittai, little ones. 2 Samuel 15:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/15/) / 15:22 # 2 Samuel 15:22 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** David, Ittai, little ones · **What happens:** say, go, pass over, be · **To what, where:** Ittai · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 15:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Ittai, little ones — and what happens in the verse to Ittai, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אֶל־אִתַּ֖י לֵ֣ךְ וַעֲבֹ֑ר וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֞ר אִתַּ֤י הַגִּתִּי֙ וְכָל־אֲנָשָׁ֔יו וְכָל־הַטַּ֖ף אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּֽוֹ׃ [And David said to Ittai: 'Go and pass over.' And Ittai the Gittite passed over, and all his men, and all the little ones that were with him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.441/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:388 # text = וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אֶל־אִתַּ֖י לֵ֣ךְ וַעֲבֹ֑ר וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֞ר אִתַּ֤י הַגִּתִּי֙ וְכָל־אֲנָשָׁ֔יו וְכָל־הַטַּ֖ף אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתּֽוֹ׃ # verse = 2SA.15.22 1-2 וַיֹּ֧אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:22!1|MId=o100150220011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֧אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_15:22!1|MId=o100150220012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100150220021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֛ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_15:22!2|MId=o100150220021|Strong=1732 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_15:22!3|MId=o100150220031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 אִתַּ֖י אִתַּי PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Ittai|Ref=2SA_15:22!4|MId=o100150220041|Strong=0863 6 לֵ֣ךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 ccomp _ Gloss=come|Ref=2SA_15:22!5|MId=o100150220051|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:100150220041;|Type=imperative 7-8 וַעֲבֹ֑ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:22!6|MId=o100150220061|Strong=2050b 8 עֲבֹ֑ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 6 conj _ Gloss=pass.on|Ref=2SA_15:22!6|MId=o100150220062|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100150220041;|Type=imperative 9-10 וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֞ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:22!7|MId=o100150220071|Strong=2050b 10 יַּעֲבֹ֞ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.passed.on|Ref=2SA_15:22!7|MId=o100150220072|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100150220081;100150220111;100150220132;|Type=wayyiqtol 11 אִתַּ֤י אִתַּי PROPN _ _ 10 nsubj _ Gloss=Ittai|Ref=2SA_15:22!8|MId=o100150220081|Strong=0863 12-13 הַגִּתִּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_15:22!9|MId=o100150220091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 גִּתִּי֙ גִּתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 appos _ Gloss=Gittite|Ref=2SA_15:22!9|MId=o100150220092|Strong=1663|Type=gentilic 14-15 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:22!10|MId=o100150220101|Strong=2050b 15 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_15:22!10|MId=o100150220102|Strong=3605 16-17 אֲנָשָׁ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 אֲנָשָׁ֔י אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=men|Ref=2SA_15:22!11|MId=o100150220111|Strong=0376 17 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_15:22!11|MId=o100150220112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_15:22!12|MId=o100150220121|Strong=2050b 19 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_15:22!12|MId=o100150220122|Strong=3605 20-21 הַטַּ֖ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the.little|Ref=2SA_15:22!13|MId=o100150220131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 טַּ֖ף טַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 compound:smixut _ Gloss=one[s]|Ref=2SA_15:22!13|MId=o100150220132|Strong=2945 22 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=2SA_15:22!14|MId=o100150220141|Strong=0834|Type=relative 23-24 אִתּֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=[were].with|Ref=2SA_15:22!15|MId=o100150220151|Strong=0854 24 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 acl:relcl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_15:22!15|MId=o100150220152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=2SA_15:22!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | לֵךְ *come* | imperative · qal | אִתַּי *Ittai* | | | | | עֲבֹר *pass on* | imperative · qal | אִתַּי *Ittai* | | | | | יַּעֲבֹר *he passed on* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִתַּי *Ittai* + אֲנָשָׁי *men* + טַּף *one\[s\]* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְאִתַּי אֱזֵיל וֶעֱבַר וַעֲבַר אִתַּי גִתָאָה וְכָל גַבְרוֹהִי וְכָל טַפְלָא דְעִימֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David said to Ittai: 'Go and pass over.' And Ittai the Gittite passed over, and all his men, and all the little ones that were with him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.441/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:388`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 15:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.21/) - next →: [2 Samuel 15:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.23/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/15/)