--- title: 2 Samuel 16:1 — And when David was a little past the top, behold, Ziba the servant o… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when David was a little past the top, behold, Ziba the servant of Mephibosheth met him, with a couple of asses saddled, and upon them two hundred loaves of bread, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and a hundred of summer fruits, and a bottle of wine. Who acts: David, Ziba. 2 Samuel 16:1 in Hebr --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.1/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/16/) / 16:1 # 2 Samuel 16:1 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** David, Ziba · **What happens:** be, meet, saddle · **To what, where:** David, asses This is 2 Samuel 16:1 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, Ziba — and what happens in the verse to David, asses, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְדָוִ֗ד עָבַ֤ר מְעַט֙ מֵֽהָרֹ֔אשׁ וְהִנֵּ֥ה צִיבָ֛א נַ֥עַר מְפִי־בֹ֖שֶׁתמְפִי־בֹ֖שֶׁת לִקְרָאת֑וֹ וְצֶ֨מֶד חֲמֹרִ֜ים חֲבֻשִׁ֗ים וַעֲלֵיהֶם֩ מָאתַ֨יִם לֶ֜חֶם וּמֵאָ֧ה צִמּוּקִ֛ים וּמֵ֥אָה קַ֖יִץ וְנֵ֥בֶל יָֽיִן׃ [And when David was a little past the top, behold, Ziba the servant of Mephibosheth met him, with a couple of asses saddled, and upon them two hundred loaves of bread, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and a hundred of summer fruits, and a bottle of wine.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.457/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:404 # text = וְדָוִ֗ד עָבַ֤ר מְעַט֙ מֵֽהָרֹ֔אשׁ וְהִנֵּ֥ה צִיבָ֛א נַ֥עַר מְפִי־בֹ֖שֶׁתמְפִי־בֹ֖שֶׁת לִקְרָאת֑וֹ וְצֶ֨מֶד חֲמֹרִ֜ים חֲבֻשִׁ֗ים וַעֲלֵיהֶם֩ מָאתַ֨יִם לֶ֜חֶם וּמֵאָ֧ה צִמּוּקִ֛ים וּמֵ֥אָה קַ֖יִץ וְנֵ֥בֶל יָֽיִן׃ # verse = 2SA.16.1 1-2 וְדָוִ֗ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:1!1|MId=o100160010011|Strong=2050b 2 דָוִ֗ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 3 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_16:1!1|MId=o100160010012|Strong=1732 3 עָבַ֤ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.passed.on|Ref=2SA_16:1!2|MId=o100160010021|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100160010012;|Type=qatal 4 מְעַט֙ מְעַט ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 advmod _ Gloss=a.little|Ref=2SA_16:1!3|MId=o100160010031|Strong=4592 5-7 מֵֽהָרֹ֔אשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_16:1!4|MId=o100160010041|Strong=4480 6 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_16:1!4|MId=o100160010042|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 רֹ֔אשׁ רֹאשׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obl _ Gloss=top|Ref=2SA_16:1!4|MId=o100160010043|Strong=7218 8-9 וְהִנֵּ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:1!5|MId=o100160010051|Strong=2050b 9 הִנֵּ֥ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 10 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=2SA_16:1!5|MId=o100160010052|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 10 צִיבָ֛א צִיבָא PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Ziba|Ref=2SA_16:1!6|MId=o100160010061|Strong=6717 11 נַ֥עַר נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 appos _ Gloss=the.servant|Ref=2SA_16:1!7|MId=o100160010071|Strong=5288 12-13 מְפִי־בֹ֖שֶׁתמְפִי־בֹ֖שֶׁת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 מְפִי־בֹ֖שֶׁת מְפִיבֹשֶׁת PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_16:1!8|MId=o100160010081 13 מְפִי־בֹ֖שֶׁת מְפִיבֹשֶׁת PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Mephibosheth|Ref=2SA_16:1!9|MId=o100160010091 14-16 לִקְרָאת֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_16:1!10|MId=o100160010101|Strong=3807a 15 קְרָאת קָרָא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 10 advcl _ Gloss=meet|Ref=2SA_16:1!10|MId=o100160010102|Strong=7122|Frame=A0:100160010061;A1:100160010093;|Type=infinitive_construct 16 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 15 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_16:1!10|MId=o100160010103|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 17-18 וְצֶ֨מֶד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:1!11|MId=o100160010111|Strong=2050b 18 צֶ֨מֶד צֶמֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 nsubj _ Gloss=a.pair|Ref=2SA_16:1!11|MId=o100160010112|Strong=6776 19 חֲמֹרִ֜ים חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Plur 18 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.donkeys|Ref=2SA_16:1!12|MId=o100160010121|Strong=2543 20 חֲבֻשִׁ֗ים חָבַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 3 conj _ Gloss=saddled|Ref=2SA_16:1!13|MId=o100160010131|Strong=2280|Frame=A1:100160010102;|Type=participle_passive 21-23 וַעֲלֵיהֶם֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and.[were]|Ref=2SA_16:1!14|MId=o100160010141|Strong=2050b 22 עֲלֵי עַל ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_16:1!14|MId=o100160010142|Strong=5921 23 הֶם֩ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 conj _ Gloss=them|Ref=2SA_16:1!14|MId=o100160010143|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 24 מָאתַ֨יִם מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Dual 25 nummod _ Gloss=two.hundred|Ref=2SA_16:1!15|MId=o100160010151|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 25 לֶ֜חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 nsubj _ Gloss=bread[s]|Ref=2SA_16:1!16|MId=o100160010161|Strong=3899 26-27 וּמֵאָ֧ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 28 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:1!17|MId=o100160010171|Strong=2050b 27 מֵאָ֧ה מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Sing 28 nummod _ Gloss=one.hundred|Ref=2SA_16:1!17|MId=o100160010172|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 28 צִמּוּקִ֛ים צִמּוּקִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 25 conj _ Gloss=bunches.of.raisins|Ref=2SA_16:1!18|MId=o100160010181|Strong=6778 29-30 וּמֵ֥אָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:1!19|MId=o100160010191|Strong=2050b 30 מֵ֥אָה מֵאָה NUM _ Number=Sing 31 nummod _ Gloss=one.hundred|Ref=2SA_16:1!19|MId=o100160010192|Strong=3967|Type=cardinal_number 31 קַ֖יִץ קַיִץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=summer.fruit|Ref=2SA_16:1!20|MId=o100160010201|Strong=7019 32-33 וְנֵ֥בֶל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:1!21|MId=o100160010211|Strong=2050b 33 נֵ֥בֶל נֵבֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 conj _ Gloss=a.jar|Ref=2SA_16:1!21|MId=o100160010212|Strong=5035 34 יָֽיִן יַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.wine|Ref=2SA_16:1!22|MId=o100160010221|Strong=3196|SpaceAfter=No 35 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 34 punct _ Ref=2SA_16:1!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | עָבַר *he passed on* | qatal · qal | דָוִד *David* | | | | | קְרָאת *meet* | infinitive construct · qal | צִיבָא *Ziba* | | | | | חֲבֻשִׁים *saddled* | participle passive · qal | | קְרָאת *meet* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְדָוִד עֲבַר זְעֵיר מֵרֵישׁ טוּרָא וְהָא צִיבָא עוּלֵימָא דִמְפִיבֹשֶׁת לָקֳדָמוּתֵיהּ וְזוֹג חֲמָרִין חֲשִׁיקִין וַעֲלֵיהוֹן מָאתָן גְרִיצָן דִלְחֵם וּמְאָה אִתְכְּלִין דְעִנְבִין יְבֵשִׁין וּמְאָה מָנָן דְבֵילָתָא וּגְרַב דַחֲמָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when David was a little past the top, behold, Ziba the servant of Mephibosheth met him, with a couple of asses saddled, and upon them two hundred loaves of bread, and a hundred clusters of raisins, and a hundred of summer fruits, and a bottle of wine.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.457/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:404`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 15:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.15.37/) - next →: [2 Samuel 16:2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.2/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/16/)