--- title: 2 Samuel 16:16 — And it came to pass, when Hushai the Archite, David's friend, was co… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And it came to pass, when Hushai the Archite, David's friend, was come unto Absalom, that Hushai said unto Absalom: 'Long live the king, long live the king.' Who acts: Hushai, king. 2 Samuel 16:16 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.16/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/16/) / 16:16 # 2 Samuel 16:16 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Hushai, king · **What happens:** come, pass, say, live · **To what, where:** side · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 16:16 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Hushai, king — and what happens in the verse to side, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיְהִ֗י כַּֽאֲשֶׁר־בָּ֞א חוּשַׁ֧י הָאַרְכִּ֛י רֵעֶ֥ה דָוִ֖ד אֶל־אַבְשָׁל֑וֹם וַיֹּ֤אמֶר חוּשַׁי֙ אֶל־אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם יְחִ֥י הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יְחִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [And it came to pass, when Hushai the Archite, David's friend, was come unto Absalom, that Hushai said unto Absalom: 'Long live the king, long live the king.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.473/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:419 # text = וַיְהִ֗י כַּֽאֲשֶׁר־בָּ֞א חוּשַׁ֧י הָאַרְכִּ֛י רֵעֶ֥ה דָוִ֖ד אֶל־אַבְשָׁל֑וֹם וַיֹּ֤אמֶר חוּשַׁי֙ אֶל־אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם יְחִ֥י הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יְחִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ # verse = 2SA.16.16 1-2 וַיְהִ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:16!1|MId=o100160160011|Strong=2050b 2 יְהִ֗י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2SA_16:16!1|MId=o100160160012|Strong=1961|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 כַּֽאֲשֶׁר־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 כַּֽ כְּ ADP _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=when|Ref=2SA_16:16!2|MId=o100160160021|Strong=3509a 4 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_16:16!2|MId=o100160160022|Strong=0834|Type=relative 5 בָּ֞א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=2SA_16:16!3|MId=o100160160031|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100160160041;|Type=qatal 6 חוּשַׁ֧י חוּשַׁי PROPN _ _ 5 nsubj _ Gloss=Hushai|Ref=2SA_16:16!4|MId=o100160160041|Strong=2365 7-8 הָאַרְכִּ֛י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_16:16!5|MId=o100160160051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 אַרְכִּ֛י אַרְכִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 appos _ Gloss=Arkite|Ref=2SA_16:16!5|MId=o100160160052|Strong=0757|Type=gentilic 9 רֵעֶ֥ה רֵעֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 appos _ Gloss=the.friend|Ref=2SA_16:16!6|MId=o100160160061|Strong=7463 10 דָוִ֖ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 9 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=2SA_16:16!7|MId=o100160160071|Strong=1732 11 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_16:16!8|MId=o100160160081|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 12 אַבְשָׁל֑וֹם אַבְשָׁלֹום PROPN _ _ 5 obl _ Gloss=Absalom|Ref=2SA_16:16!9|MId=o100160160091|Strong=0053 13-14 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:16!10|MId=o100160160101|Strong=2050b 14 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_16:16!10|MId=o100160160102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100160160111;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 חוּשַׁי֙ חוּשַׁי PROPN _ _ 14 nsubj _ Gloss=Hushai|Ref=2SA_16:16!11|MId=o100160160111|Strong=2365 16 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_16:16!12|MId=o100160160121|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 17 אַבְשָׁלֹ֔ם אַבְשָׁלֹום PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=Absalom|Ref=2SA_16:16!13|MId=o100160160131|Strong=0053 18 יְחִ֥י חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 14 ccomp _ Gloss=may.he.live|Ref=2SA_16:16!14|MId=o100160160141|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:100160160152;|Type=jussive 19-20 הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_16:16!15|MId=o100160160151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_16:16!15|MId=o100160160152|Strong=4428 21 יְחִ֥י חָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 parataxis _ Gloss=may.he.live|Ref=2SA_16:16!16|MId=o100160160161|Strong=2421|Frame=A0:100160160172;|Type=jussive 22-23 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_16:16!17|MId=o100160160171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_16:16!17|MId=o100160160172|Strong=4428 24 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 23 punct _ Ref=2SA_16:16!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | בָּא *he came* | qatal · qal | חוּשַׁי *Hushai* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | חוּשַׁי *Hushai* | | | | | יְחִי *may he live* | jussive · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | יְחִי *may he live* | jussive · qal | מֶּֽלֶךְ *king* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוָה כַּד אֲתָא חוּשַׁי אַרְכָּאָה שׁוֹשְׁבִינָא דְדָוִד לְוַת אַבְשָׁלוֹם וַאֲמַר חוּשַׁי לְאַבְשָׁלוֹם יַצְלַח מַלְכָּא יַצְלַח מַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And it came to pass, when Hushai the Archite, David's friend, was come unto Absalom, that Hushai said unto Absalom: 'Long live the king, long live the king.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.473/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:419`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 16:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.15/) - next →: [2 Samuel 16:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.17/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/16/)