--- title: 2 Samuel 16:2 — And the king said unto Ziba: 'What meanest thou by these?' And Ziba… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the king said unto Ziba: 'What meanest thou by these?' And Ziba said: 'The asses are for the king's household to ride on; and the bread and summer fruit for the young men to eat; and the wine, that such as are faint in the wilderness may drink.' Who acts: king, thou, Ziba, asses. 2 Samuel 16:2 i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/16/) / 16:2 # 2 Samuel 16:2 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** king, thou, Ziba, asses, bread · **What happens:** say, mean, be, ride on, eat, drink · **To what, where:** wilderness · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 16:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, thou, Ziba, asses, bread — and what happens in the verse to wilderness, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֧אמֶר הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶל־צִיבָ֖א מָה־אֵ֣לֶּה לָּ֑ךְ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר צִ֠יבָא הַחֲמוֹרִ֨ים לְבֵית־הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לִרְכֹּ֗ב וְהַלֶּ֤חֶם וְהַקַּ֙יִץ֙ לֶאֱכ֣וֹל הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וְהַיַּ֕יִן לִשְׁתּ֥וֹת הַיָּעֵ֖ף בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ [And the king said unto Ziba: 'What meanest thou by these?' And Ziba said: 'The asses are for the king's household to ride on; and the bread and summer fruit for the young men to eat; and the wine, that such as are faint in the wilderness may drink.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.458/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:405 # text = וַיֹּ֧אמֶר הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶל־צִיבָ֖א מָה־אֵ֣לֶּה לָּ֑ךְ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר צִ֠יבָא הַחֲמוֹרִ֨ים לְבֵית־הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ לִרְכֹּ֗ב וְהַלֶּ֤חֶם וְהַקַּ֙יִץ֙ לֶאֱכ֣וֹל הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וְהַיַּ֕יִן לִשְׁתּ֥וֹת הַיָּעֵ֖ף בַּמִּדְבָּֽר׃ # verse = 2SA.16.2 1-2 וַיֹּ֧אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:2!1|MId=o100160020011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֧אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_16:2!1|MId=o100160020012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100160020022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_16:2!2|MId=o100160020021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מֶּ֛לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_16:2!2|MId=o100160020022|Strong=4428 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_16:2!3|MId=o100160020031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 צִיבָ֖א צִיבָא PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Ziba|Ref=2SA_16:2!4|MId=o100160020041|Strong=6717 7 מָה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 2 ccomp _ Gloss=what?|Ref=2SA_16:2!5|MId=o100160020051|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative|SpaceAfter=No 8 אֵ֣לֶּה אֵלֶּה PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 7 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].these.[things]|Ref=2SA_16:2!6|MId=o100160020061|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 9-10 לָּ֑ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_16:2!7|MId=o100160020071|Strong=3807a 10 ָ֑ךְ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 7 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2SA_16:2!7|MId=o100160020072|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 11-12 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:2!8|MId=o100160020081|Strong=2050b 12 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_16:2!8|MId=o100160020082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100160020091;|Type=wayyiqtol 13 צִ֠יבָא צִיבָא PROPN _ _ 12 nsubj _ Gloss=Ziba|Ref=2SA_16:2!9|MId=o100160020091|Strong=6717 14-15 הַחֲמוֹרִ֨ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_16:2!10|MId=o100160020101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 חֲמוֹרִ֨ים חֲמוֹר NOUN _ Number=Plur 17 nsubj _ Gloss=donkeys|Ref=2SA_16:2!10|MId=o100160020102|Strong=2543 16-17 לְבֵית־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=[are].for|Ref=2SA_16:2!11|MId=o100160020111|Strong=3807a 17 בֵית־ בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 ccomp _ Gloss=the.household|Ref=2SA_16:2!11|MId=o100160020112|Strong=1004 18-19 הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_16:2!12|MId=o100160020121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 מֶּ֜לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2SA_16:2!12|MId=o100160020122|Strong=4428 20-21 לִרְכֹּ֗ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_16:2!13|MId=o100160020131|Strong=3807a 21 רְכֹּ֗ב רָכַב VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 advcl _ Gloss=ride|Ref=2SA_16:2!13|MId=o100160020132|Strong=7392|Frame=A0:100160020112;A1:100160020102;|Type=infinitive_construct 22-24 וְהַלֶּ֤חֶם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:2!15|MId=o100160020151|Strong=2050b 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_16:2!15|MId=o100160020152|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 לֶּ֤חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 29 nsubj _ Gloss=bread|Ref=2SA_16:2!15|MId=o100160020153|Strong=3899 25-27 וְהַקַּ֙יִץ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:2!16|MId=o100160020161|Strong=2050b 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the.summer|Ref=2SA_16:2!16|MId=o100160020162|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 קַּ֙יִץ֙ קַיִץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 conj _ Gloss=fruit|Ref=2SA_16:2!16|MId=o100160020163|Strong=7019 28-29 לֶאֱכ֣וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לֶ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=[are].to|Ref=2SA_16:2!17|MId=o100160020171|Strong=3807a 29 אֱכ֣וֹל אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 conj _ Gloss=eat|Ref=2SA_16:2!17|MId=o100160020172|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:100160020182;A1:100160020153;100160020163;|Type=infinitive_construct 30-31 הַנְּעָרִ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the.young|Ref=2SA_16:2!18|MId=o100160020181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 נְּעָרִ֔ים נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ Gloss=men|Ref=2SA_16:2!18|MId=o100160020182|Strong=5288 32-34 וְהַיַּ֕יִן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:2!19|MId=o100160020191|Strong=2050b 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_16:2!19|MId=o100160020192|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 יַּ֕יִן יַיִן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ Gloss=wine|Ref=2SA_16:2!19|MId=o100160020193|Strong=3196 35-36 לִשְׁתּ֥וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=[is].to|Ref=2SA_16:2!20|MId=o100160020201|Strong=3807a 36 שְׁתּ֥וֹת שָׁתָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 conj _ Gloss=drink|Ref=2SA_16:2!20|MId=o100160020202|Strong=8354|Frame=A0:100160020212;A1:100160020193;|Type=infinitive_construct 37-38 הַיָּעֵ֖ף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 38 det _ Gloss=the.weary|Ref=2SA_16:2!21|MId=o100160020211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 38 יָּעֵ֖ף יָעֵף ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 nsubj _ Gloss=[person]|Ref=2SA_16:2!21|MId=o100160020212|Strong=3287|Type=adjective 39-41 בַּמִּדְבָּֽר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_16:2!22|MId=o100160020221|Strong=0871a 40 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 41 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_16:2!22|MId=o100160020221ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 41 מִּדְבָּֽר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 obl _ Gloss=wilderness|Ref=2SA_16:2!22|MId=o100160020222|Strong=4057 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=2SA_16:2!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | צִיבָא *Ziba* | | | | | רְכֹּב *ride* | infinitive construct · qal | בֵית־ *the household* | חֲמוֹרִים *donkeys* | | | | אֱכוֹל *eat* | infinitive construct · qal | נְּעָרִים *men* | לֶּחֶם *bread* + קַּיִץ *fruit* | | | | שְׁתּוֹת *drink* | infinitive construct · qal | יָּעֵף *\[person\]* | יַּיִן *wine* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר מַלְכָּא לְצִיבָא מָה אִילֵין לָךְ וַאֲמַר צִיבָא חֲמָרַיָא לְבֵית מַלְכָּא לְמִרְכַּב וְלַחְמָא וּדְבֵילָתָא לְמֵיכַל עוּלֵימַיָא וְחַמְרָא לְמִשְׁתֵּי דִמְשִׁלְהֵי בְּמַדְבְּרָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the king said unto Ziba: 'What meanest thou by these?' And Ziba said: 'The asses are for the king's household to ride on; and the bread and summer fruit for the young men to eat; and the wine, that such as are faint in the wilderness may drink.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.458/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:405`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 16:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.1/) - next →: [2 Samuel 16:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.3/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/16/)