--- title: 2 Samuel 16:23 — Now the counsel of Ahithophel, which he counselled in those days, wa… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Now the counsel of Ahithophel, which he counselled in those days, was as if a man inquired of the word of God; so was all the counsel of Ahithophel both with David and with Absalom. Who acts: counsel, man. 2 Samuel 16:23 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatic --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.23/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/16/) / 16:23 # 2 Samuel 16:23 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** counsel, man · **What happens:** counsel, inquire, be, word · **To what, where:** counsel, God This is 2 Samuel 16:23 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — counsel, man — and what happens in the verse to counsel, God, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַעֲצַ֣ת אֲחִיתֹ֗פֶל אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָעַץ֙ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשְׁאַל־אִ֖ישׁ בִּדְבַ֣ר הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כֵּ֚ן כָּל־עֲצַ֣ת אֲחִיתֹ֔פֶל גַּם־לְדָוִ֖ד גַּ֥ם לְאַבְשָׁלֹֽם׃ס [Now the counsel of Ahithophel, which he counselled in those days, was as if a man inquired of the word of God; so was all the counsel of Ahithophel both with David and with Absalom.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.480/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:426 # text = וַעֲצַ֣ת אֲחִיתֹ֗פֶל אֲשֶׁ֤ר יָעַץ֙ בַּיָּמִ֣ים הָהֵ֔ם כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר יִשְׁאַל־אִ֖ישׁ בִּדְבַ֣ר הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים כֵּ֚ן כָּל־עֲצַ֣ת אֲחִיתֹ֔פֶל גַּם־לְדָוִ֖ד גַּ֥ם לְאַבְשָׁלֹֽם׃ס # verse = 2SA.16.23 1-2 וַעֲצַ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_16:23!1|MId=o100160230011|Strong=2050b 2 עֲצַ֣ת עֵצָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=the.counsel|Ref=2SA_16:23!1|MId=o100160230012|Strong=6098 3 אֲחִיתֹ֗פֶל אֲחִיתֹפֶל PROPN _ _ 2 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ahithophel|Ref=2SA_16:23!2|MId=o100160230021|Strong=0302 4 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 5 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2SA_16:23!3|MId=o100160230031|Strong=0834|Type=relative 5 יָעַץ֙ יָעַץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.counseled|Ref=2SA_16:23!4|MId=o100160230041|Strong=3289|Frame=A0:100160230021;A1:100160230012;|Type=qatal 6-8 בַּיָּמִ֣ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_16:23!5|MId=o100160230051|Strong=0871a 7 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_16:23!5|MId=o100160230051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 יָּמִ֣ים יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 5 obl _ Gloss=days|Ref=2SA_16:23!5|MId=o100160230052|Strong=3117 9-10 הָהֵ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_16:23!6|MId=o100160230061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 הֵ֔ם הֵם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 det _ Gloss=those|Ref=2SA_16:23!6|MId=o100160230062|Strong=1992|Type=personal 11-12 כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 כַּ כְּ ADP _ _ 0 root _ Gloss=[was].just|Ref=2SA_16:23!7|MId=o100160230071|Strong=3509a 12 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=as|Ref=2SA_16:23!7|MId=o100160230072|Strong=0834|Type=relative 13 יִשְׁאַל־ שָׁאַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.enquires|Ref=2SA_16:23!8|MId=o100160230081|Strong=7592|Frame=A0:100160230101;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 14 אִ֖ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 nsubj _ Gloss=anyone|Ref=2SA_16:23!9|MId=o100160230091|Strong=0376 15-16 בִּדְבַ֣ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=2SA_16:23!10|MId=o100160230101|Strong=0871a 16 דְבַ֣ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=the.word|Ref=2SA_16:23!10|MId=o100160230102|Strong=1697 17-18 הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=of.(the)|Ref=2SA_16:23!11|MId=o100160230111|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 אֱלֹהִ֑ים אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=God|Ref=2SA_16:23!11|MId=o100160230112|Strong=0430 19 כֵּ֚ן כֵּן ADV _ _ 11 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].so|Ref=2SA_16:23!12|MId=o100160230121|Strong=3651|Type=demonstrative 20 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_16:23!13|MId=o100160230131|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 21 עֲצַ֣ת עֵצָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.counsel|Ref=2SA_16:23!14|MId=o100160230141|Strong=6098 22 אֲחִיתֹ֔פֶל אֲחִיתֹפֶל PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ahithophel|Ref=2SA_16:23!15|MId=o100160230151|Strong=0302 23 גַּם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 25 advmod _ Gloss=both|Ref=2SA_16:23!16|MId=o100160230161|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 24-25 לְדָוִ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_16:23!17|MId=o100160230171|Strong=3807a 25 דָוִ֖ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 19 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_16:23!17|MId=o100160230172|Strong=1732 26 גַּ֥ם גַּם ADV _ _ 28 advmod _ Gloss=as.well.as|Ref=2SA_16:23!18|MId=o100160230181|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 27-28 לְאַבְשָׁלֹֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_16:23!19|MId=o100160230191|Strong=3807a 28 אַבְשָׁלֹֽם אַבְשָׁלֹום PROPN _ _ 25 conj _ Gloss=Absalom|Ref=2SA_16:23!19|MId=o100160230192|Strong=0053 29 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=2SA_16:23!19|SpaceAfter=No 30 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 28 punct _ Ref=2SA_16:23!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָעַץ *he counseled* | qatal · qal | אֲחִיתֹפֶל *of Ahithophel* | עֲצַת *the counsel* | | | | יִשְׁאַל־ *he enquires* | yiqtol · qal | בִּ *by* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּמַלְכָּא דַאֲחִיתוֹפֶל דִמְלֵךְ בְּיוֹמַיָא הָאִינוּן כְּמָא דְשָׁאִיל גַבְרָא בְּפִתְגָמָא דַייָ כֵּן כָּל מִלְכָּא דַאֲחִיתוֹפֶל אַף לְדָוִד אַף לְאַבְשָׁלוֹם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Now the counsel of Ahithophel, which he counselled in those days, was as if a man inquired of the word of God; so was all the counsel of Ahithophel both with David and with Absalom.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.480/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:426`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 16:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.16.22/) - next →: [2 Samuel 17:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.17.1/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/16/)