--- title: 2 Samuel 17:22 — Then David arose, and all the people that were with him, and they pa… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then David arose, and all the people that were with him, and they passed over the Jordan; by the morning light there lacked not one of them that was not gone over the Jordan. Who acts: David, people, groats. 2 Samuel 17:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmat --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.17.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/17/) / 17:22 # 2 Samuel 17:22 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** David, people, groats · **What happens:** arise, be, pass, not lack, not go · **To what, where:** Jordan, one This is 2 Samuel 17:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, people, groats — and what happens in the verse to Jordan, one, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּ֣קָם דָּוִ֗ד וְכָל־הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ וַיַּעַבְר֖וּ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן עַד־א֣וֹר הַבֹּ֗קֶר עַד־אַחַד֙ לֹ֣א נֶעְדָּ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־עָבַ֖ר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃ [Then David arose, and all the people that were with him, and they passed over the Jordan; by the morning light there lacked not one of them that was not gone over the Jordan.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.502/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:448 # text = וַיָּ֣קָם דָּוִ֗ד וְכָל־הָעָם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֔וֹ וַיַּעַבְר֖וּ אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן עַד־א֣וֹר הַבֹּ֗קֶר עַד־אַחַד֙ לֹ֣א נֶעְדָּ֔ר אֲשֶׁ֥ר לֹא־עָבַ֖ר אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּֽן׃ # verse = 2SA.17.22 1-2 וַיָּ֣קָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_17:22!1|MId=o100170220011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּ֣קָם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=2SA_17:22!1|MId=o100170220012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:100170220021;100170220042;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֗ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_17:22!2|MId=o100170220021|Strong=1732 4-5 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_17:22!3|MId=o100170220031|Strong=2050b 5 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_17:22!3|MId=o100170220032|Strong=3605 6-7 הָעָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_17:22!4|MId=o100170220041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 עָם֙ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=2SA_17:22!4|MId=o100170220042|Strong=5971 8 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2SA_17:22!5|MId=o100170220051|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9-10 אִתּ֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=[was].with|Ref=2SA_17:22!6|MId=o100170220061|Strong=0854 10 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 acl:relcl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_17:22!6|MId=o100170220062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11-12 וַיַּעַבְר֖וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_17:22!7|MId=o100170220071|Strong=2050b 12 יַּעַבְר֖וּ עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.passed.over|Ref=2SA_17:22!7|MId=o100170220072|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100170220021;100170220042;|Type=wayyiqtol 13 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_17:22!8|MId=o100170220081|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 15 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_17:22!9|MId=o100170220091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 יַּרְדֵּ֑ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 12 obl _ Gloss=Jordan|Ref=2SA_17:22!9|MId=o100170220092|Strong=3383 16 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=2SA_17:22!10|MId=o100170220101|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 17 א֣וֹר אוֹר NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=the.light|Ref=2SA_17:22!11|MId=o100170220111|Strong=0216 18-19 הַבֹּ֗קֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 19 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_17:22!12|MId=o100170220121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 19 בֹּ֗קֶר בֹּקֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.morning|Ref=2SA_17:22!12|MId=o100170220122|Strong=1242 20 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=up.to|Ref=2SA_17:22!13|MId=o100170220131|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 21 אַחַד֙ אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=one.[person]|Ref=2SA_17:22!14|MId=o100170220141|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number 22 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_17:22!15|MId=o100170220151|Strong=3808|Type=negative 23 נֶעְדָּ֔ר עָדַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 parataxis _ Gloss=[was].missing|Ref=2SA_17:22!16|MId=o100170220161|Strong=5737a|Frame=A1:100170220191;|Type=qatal 24 אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=[one].who|Ref=2SA_17:22!17|MId=o100170220171|Strong=0834|Type=relative 25 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 26 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_17:22!18|MId=o100170220181|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 26 עָבַ֖ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 23 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.had.passed.over|Ref=2SA_17:22!19|MId=o100170220191|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:;|Type=qatal 27 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_17:22!20|MId=o100170220201|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 הַיַּרְדֵּֽן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_17:22!21|MId=o100170220211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 יַּרְדֵּֽן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 26 obl _ Gloss=Jordan|Ref=2SA_17:22!21|MId=o100170220212|Strong=3383 30 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 29 punct _ Ref=2SA_17:22!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* + עָם *people* | | | | | יַּעַבְרוּ *they passed over* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* + עָם *people* | | | | | **not** נֶעְדָּר *\[was\] missing* | qatal · niphal | | עָבַר *he had passed over* | | | | **not** עָבַר *he had passed over* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָם דָוִד וְכָל עַמָא דִי עִמֵיהּ וַעֲבַרוּ יַת יַרְדְנָא עַד מַנְהַר צַפְרָא עַד חַד לָא שְׁגָא דְלָא עֲבַר יַת יַרְדְנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then David arose, and all the people that were with him, and they passed over the Jordan; by the morning light there lacked not one of them that was not gone over the Jordan.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.502/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:448`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 17:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.17.21/) - next →: [2 Samuel 17:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.17.23/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/17/)