--- title: 2 Samuel 18:11 — And Joab said unto the man that told him: 'And, behold, thou sawest… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Joab said unto the man that told him: 'And, behold, thou sawest it, and why didst thou not smite him there to the ground? and I would have had to give thee ten pieces of silver, and a girdle.' Who acts: Joab, man, thou, I. 2 Samuel 18:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/) / 18:11 # 2 Samuel 18:11 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Joab, man, thou, I · **What happens:** say, tell, see, not smite, have, give · **To what, where:** Joab, hold, ten pieces, thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 18:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joab, man, thou, I — and what happens in the verse to Joab, hold, ten pieces, thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֗ב לָאִישׁ֙ הַמַּגִּ֣יד ל֔וֹ וְהִנֵּ֣ה רָאִ֔יתָ וּמַדּ֛וּעַ לֹֽא־הִכִּית֥וֹ שָׁ֖ם אָ֑רְצָה וְעָלַ֗י לָ֤תֶת לְךָ֙ עֲשָׂ֣רָה כֶ֔סֶף וַחֲגֹרָ֖ה אֶחָֽת׃ [And Joab said unto the man that told him: 'And, behold, thou sawest it, and why didst thou not smite him there to the ground? and I would have had to give thee ten pieces of silver, and a girdle.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.523/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:466 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֗ב לָאִישׁ֙ הַמַּגִּ֣יד ל֔וֹ וְהִנֵּ֣ה רָאִ֔יתָ וּמַדּ֛וּעַ לֹֽא־הִכִּית֥וֹ שָׁ֖ם אָ֑רְצָה וְעָלַ֗י לָ֤תֶת לְךָ֙ עֲשָׂ֣רָה כֶ֔סֶף וַחֲגֹרָ֖ה אֶחָֽת׃ # verse = 2SA.18.11 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:11!1|MId=o100180110011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_18:11!1|MId=o100180110012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100180110021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יוֹאָ֗ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=2SA_18:11!2|MId=o100180110021|Strong=3097 4-6 לָאִישׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 לָ לְ ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_18:11!3|MId=o100180110031|Strong=3807a 5 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:11!3|MId=o100180110031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 אִישׁ֙ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=man|Ref=2SA_18:11!3|MId=o100180110032|Strong=0376 7-8 הַמַּגִּ֣יד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 8 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=2SA_18:11!4|MId=o100180110041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 מַּגִּ֣יד נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 6 acl:relcl _ Gloss=had].told|Ref=2SA_18:11!4|MId=o100180110042|Strong=5046|Frame=A0:100180110033;|Type=participle_active 9-10 ל֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 ל לְ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_18:11!5|MId=o100180110051|Strong=3807a 10 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_18:11!5|MId=o100180110052|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 11-12 וְהִנֵּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:11!6|MId=o100180110061|Strong=2050b 12 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 13 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=2SA_18:11!6|MId=o100180110062|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 13 רָאִ֔יתָ רָאָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=you.saw|Ref=2SA_18:11!7|MId=o100180110071|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:100180110033;|Type=qatal 14-15 וּמַדּ֛וּעַ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:11!8|MId=o100180110081|Strong=2050b 15 מַדּ֛וּעַ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=2SA_18:11!8|MId=o100180110082|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 16 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_18:11!9|MId=o100180110091|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 17-18 הִכִּית֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 הִכִּית נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 2 conj _ Gloss=did|Ref=2SA_18:11!10|MId=o100180110101|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:100180110033;A0:100180110102;|Type=qatal 18 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 obj _ Gloss=you.strike.him.down|Ref=2SA_18:11!10|MId=o100180110102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19 שָׁ֖ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=2SA_18:11!11|MId=o100180110111|Strong=8033 20-21 אָ֑רְצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 אָ֑רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=2SA_18:11!12|MId=o100180110121|Strong=0776 21 ָה ה X _ _ 20 nmod _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=2SA_18:11!12|MId=o100180110122|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 22-24 וְעָלַ֗י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:11!13|MId=o100180110131|Strong=2050b 23 עָל עַל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_18:11!13|MId=o100180110132|Strong=5921 24 ַ֗י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 2 conj _ Gloss=me|Ref=2SA_18:11!13|MId=o100180110133|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 25-26 לָ֤תֶת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 לָ֤ לְ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_18:11!14|MId=o100180110141|Strong=3807a 26 תֶת נָתַן VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 24 advcl _ Gloss=give|Ref=2SA_18:11!14|MId=o100180110142|Strong=5414|Frame=A0:100180110021;A1:100180110171;100180110182;|Type=infinitive_construct 27-28 לְךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 ל לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_18:11!15|MId=o100180110151|Strong=3807a 28 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 26 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2SA_18:11!15|MId=o100180110152|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 29 עֲשָׂ֣רָה עֲשָׂרָה NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 nummod _ Gloss=ten|Ref=2SA_18:11!16|MId=o100180110161|Strong=6235|Type=cardinal_number 30 כֶ֔סֶף כֶּסֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 24 nsubj _ Gloss=silver|Ref=2SA_18:11!17|MId=o100180110171|Strong=3701 31-32 וַחֲגֹרָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:11!18|MId=o100180110181|Strong=2050b 32 חֲגֹרָ֖ה חֲגוֹרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 30 conj _ Gloss=a.belt|Ref=2SA_18:11!18|MId=o100180110182|Strong=2290a 33 אֶחָֽת אֶחָד NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 nummod _ Gloss=one|Ref=2SA_18:11!19|MId=o100180110191|Strong=0259|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 34 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 33 punct _ Ref=2SA_18:11!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | | | | | מַּגִּיד *had\] told* | participle active · hiphil | | | | | | רָאִיתָ *you saw* | qatal · qal | | | | | | **not** הִכִּית *did* | qatal · hiphil | וֹ *you strike him down* | | | | | תֶת *give* | infinitive construct · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | כֶסֶף *silver* + חֲגֹרָה *a belt* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר יוֹאָב לְגַבְרָא דִמְחַוֵי לֵיהּ וְהָא חֲזֵיתָא וּמָא דֵין לָא מְחִיתָהוּ תַמָן וּרְמִיתָהִי לְאַרְעָא וַעֲלֵי פּוֹן לְמִתַּן לָךְ עֲסַר סִלְעִין דִכְסַף וְאִסְפַּנְקִי חֲדָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Joab said unto the man that told him: 'And, behold, thou sawest it, and why didst thou not smite him there to the ground? and I would have had to give thee ten pieces of silver, and a girdle.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.523/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:466`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 18:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.10/) - next →: [2 Samuel 18:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.12/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/)