--- title: 2 Samuel 18:12 — And the man said unto Joab: 'Though I should receive a thousand piec… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the man said unto Joab: 'Though I should receive a thousand pieces of silver in my hand, yet would I not put forth my hand against the king's son; for in our hearing the king charged thee and Abishai and Ittai, saying: Beware that none touch the young man Absalom. Who acts: man, I, king, none. 2 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/) / 18:12 # 2 Samuel 18:12 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** man, I, king, none, our · **What happens:** say, receive, not put, charge, beware, touch · **To what, where:** thousand pieces, hand, thee, hearing, young man · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 18:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, I, king, none, our — and what happens in the verse to thousand pieces, hand, thee, hearing, young man, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הָאִישׁ֙ אֶל־יוֹאָ֔ב וְל֨וּאאָנֹכִ֜י שֹׁקֵ֤ל עַל־כַּפַּי֙ אֶ֣לֶף כֶּ֔סֶף לֹֽא־אֶשְׁלַ֥ח יָדִ֖י אֶל־בֶּן־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּ֣י בְאָזְנֵ֜ינוּ צִוָּ֣ה הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ אֹ֠תְךָ וְאֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֤י וְאֶת־אִתַּי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר שִׁמְרוּ־מִ֕י בַּנַּ֖עַר בְּאַבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃ [And the man said unto Joab: 'Though I should receive a thousand pieces of silver in my hand, yet would I not put forth my hand against the king's son; for in our hearing the king charged thee and Abishai and Ittai, saying: Beware that none touch the young man Absalom.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.524/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:467 # text = וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הָאִישׁ֙ אֶל־יוֹאָ֔ב וְל֨וּאאָנֹכִ֜י שֹׁקֵ֤ל עַל־כַּפַּי֙ אֶ֣לֶף כֶּ֔סֶף לֹֽא־אֶשְׁלַ֥ח יָדִ֖י אֶל־בֶּן־הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּ֣י בְאָזְנֵ֜ינוּ צִוָּ֣ה הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ אֹ֠תְךָ וְאֶת־אֲבִישַׁ֤י וְאֶת־אִתַּי֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר שִׁמְרוּ־מִ֕י בַּנַּ֖עַר בְּאַבְשָׁלֽוֹם׃ # verse = 2SA.18.12 1-2 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:12!1|MId=o100180120011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_18:12!1|MId=o100180120012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100180120022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הָאִישׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:12!2|MId=o100180120021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 אִישׁ֙ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=man|Ref=2SA_18:12!2|MId=o100180120022|Strong=0376 5 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_18:12!3|MId=o100180120031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 6 יוֹאָ֔ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=2SA_18:12!4|MId=o100180120041|Strong=3097 7-9 וְל֨וּאאָנֹכִ֜י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:12!6|MId=o100180120061|Strong=2050b 8 ל֨וּא לוּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=if|Ref=2SA_18:12!6|MId=o100180120062|Strong=3863 9 אָנֹכִ֜י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2SA_18:12!7|MId=o100180120071|Strong=0595|Type=personal 10 שֹׁקֵ֤ל שָׁקַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=[was].weighing|Ref=2SA_18:12!8|MId=o100180120081|Strong=8254|Frame=A0:100180120071;A1:100180120121;|Type=participle_active 11 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_18:12!9|MId=o100180120091|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 12-13 כַּפַּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 כַּפּ כַּף NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 10 obl _ Gloss=palms|Ref=2SA_18:12!10|MId=o100180120101|Strong=3709 13 ַי֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_18:12!10|MId=o100180120102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14 אֶ֣לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 15 nummod _ Gloss=a.thousand|Ref=2SA_18:12!11|MId=o100180120111|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 15 כֶּ֔סֶף כֶּסֶף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 obj _ Gloss=silver|Ref=2SA_18:12!12|MId=o100180120121|Strong=3701 16 לֹֽא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_18:12!13|MId=o100180120131|Strong=3808|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 17 אֶשְׁלַ֥ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 parataxis _ Gloss=I.will.stretch.out|Ref=2SA_18:12!14|MId=o100180120141|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:100180120022;A1:100180120151;|Type=yiqtol 18-19 יָדִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=2SA_18:12!15|MId=o100180120151|Strong=3027 19 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 18 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_18:12!15|MId=o100180120152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 20 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=2SA_18:12!16|MId=o100180120161|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 21 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obl _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=2SA_18:12!17|MId=o100180120171|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_18:12!18|MId=o100180120181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 מֶּ֑לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.king|Ref=2SA_18:12!18|MId=o100180120182|Strong=4428 24 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2SA_18:12!19|MId=o100180120191|Strong=3588 25-27 בְאָזְנֵ֜ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_18:12!20|MId=o100180120201|Strong=0871a 26 אָזְנֵ֜י אֹזֶן NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Dual 28 obl _ Gloss=ears|Ref=2SA_18:12!20|MId=o100180120202|Strong=0241 27 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nmod:poss _ Gloss=our|Ref=2SA_18:12!20|MId=o100180120203|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 28 צִוָּ֣ה צָוָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 advcl _ Gloss=he.commanded|Ref=2SA_18:12!21|MId=o100180120211|Strong=6680|Frame=A0:100180120222;A1:100180120232;100180120251;100180120271;|Type=qatal 29-30 הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:12!22|MId=o100180120221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 מֶּ֗לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_18:12!22|MId=o100180120222|Strong=4428 31-32 אֹ֠תְךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 אֹ֠ת אֵת ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_18:12!23|MId=o100180120231|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 32 ְךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 obj _ Gloss=you|Ref=2SA_18:12!23|MId=o100180120232|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 33-34 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 35 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:12!24|MId=o100180120241|Strong=2050b 34 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_18:12!24|MId=o100180120242|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 35 אֲבִישַׁ֤י אֲבִישַׁי PROPN _ _ 32 conj _ Gloss=Abishai|Ref=2SA_18:12!25|MId=o100180120251|Strong=0052 36-37 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:12!26|MId=o100180120261|Strong=2050b 37 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_18:12!26|MId=o100180120262|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 38 אִתַּי֙ אִתַּי PROPN _ _ 32 conj _ Gloss=Ittai|Ref=2SA_18:12!27|MId=o100180120271|Strong=0863 39-40 לֵאמֹ֔ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 41 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=2SA_18:12!28|MId=o100180120281|Strong=3807a 40 אמֹ֔ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 39 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_18:12!28|MId=o100180120282|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100180120222;|Type=infinitive_construct 41 שִׁמְרוּ־ שָׁמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=2 28 ccomp _ Gloss=protect|Ref=2SA_18:12!29|MId=o100180120291|Strong=8104|Frame=A0:100180120041;100180120251;100180120271;A1:100180120313;|Type=imperative|SpaceAfter=No 42 מִ֕י מִי PRON _ PronType=Int 45 nsubj _ Gloss=whoever|Ref=2SA_18:12!30|MId=o100180120301|Strong=4310|Type=interrogative 43-45 בַּנַּ֖עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 45 case _ Gloss=(in).the|Ref=2SA_18:12!31|MId=o100180120311|Strong=0871a 44 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 45 det _ Gloss=young|Ref=2SA_18:12!31|MId=o100180120311ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 45 נַּ֖עַר נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 ccomp _ Gloss=man|Ref=2SA_18:12!31|MId=o100180120312|Strong=5288 46-47 בְּאַבְשָׁלֽוֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 47 case _ Gloss=(in)|Ref=2SA_18:12!32|MId=o100180120321|Strong=0871a 47 אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם אַבְשָׁלֹום PROPN _ _ 45 nmod _ Gloss=Absalom|Ref=2SA_18:12!32|MId=o100180120322|Strong=0053 48 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 47 punct _ Ref=2SA_18:12!32 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | שֹׁקֵל *\[was\] weighing* | participle active · qal | אָנֹכִי *I* | כֶּסֶף *silver* | | | | **not** אֶשְׁלַח *I will stretch out* | yiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *man* | יָד *hand* | | | | צִוָּה *he commanded* | qatal · piel | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | ְךָ *you* + אֲבִישַׁי *Abishai* + אִתַּי *Ittai* | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | שִׁמְרוּ־ *protect* | imperative · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* + אֲבִישַׁי *Abishai* + אִתַּי *Ittai* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר גַבְרָא לְיוֹאָב וְלוּ אַנָא תָּקֵל עַל כַּפֵּי אֲלַף סִלְעִין דִכְסַף לָא אוֹשִׁיט יְדֵי בְּבַר מַלְכָּא אֲרֵי קֳדָמָנָא פַּקֵיד מַלְכָּא יָתָךְ וְיַת אֲבִישַׁי וְיַת אִתַּי לְמֵימַר אִסְתַּמָרוּ לִי בְעוּלֵימָא בְּאַבְשָׁלוֹם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the man said unto Joab: 'Though I should receive a thousand pieces of silver in my hand, yet would I not put forth my hand against the king's son; for in our hearing the king charged thee and Abishai and Ittai, saying: Beware that none touch the young man Absalom.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.524/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:467`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 18:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.11/) - next →: [2 Samuel 18:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.13/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/)