--- title: 2 Samuel 18:22 — Then said Ahimaaz the son of Zadok yet again to Joab: 'But come what… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then said Ahimaaz the son of Zadok yet again to Joab: 'But come what may, let me, I pray thee, also run after the Cushite.' And Joab said: 'Wherefore wilt thou run, my son, seeing that thou wilt have no reward for the tidings?' Who acts: Ahimaaz, I, Joab, thou. 2 Samuel 18:22 in Hebrew with its depe --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/) / 18:22 # 2 Samuel 18:22 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Ahimaaz, I, Joab, thou · **What happens:** say, come, let, pray, run, see · **To what, where:** Joab, me, thee, reward · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 18:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahimaaz, I, Joab, thou — and what happens in the verse to Joab, me, thee, reward, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֨סֶף ע֜וֹד אֲחִימַ֤עַץ בֶּן־צָדוֹק֙ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־יוֹאָ֔ב וִ֣יהִי מָ֔ה אָרֻֽצָה־נָּ֥א גַם־אָ֖נִי אַחֲרֵ֣י הַכּוּשִׁ֑י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֗ב לָֽמָּה־זֶּ֞ה אַתָּ֥ה רָץ֙ בְּנִ֔י וּלְכָ֖ה אֵין־בְּשׂוֹרָ֥ה מֹצֵֽאת׃ [Then said Ahimaaz the son of Zadok yet again to Joab: 'But come what may, let me, I pray thee, also run after the Cushite.' And Joab said: 'Wherefore wilt thou run, my son, seeing that thou wilt have no reward for the tidings?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.534/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:477 # text = וַיֹּ֨סֶף ע֜וֹד אֲחִימַ֤עַץ בֶּן־צָדוֹק֙ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל־יוֹאָ֔ב וִ֣יהִי מָ֔ה אָרֻֽצָה־נָּ֥א גַם־אָ֖נִי אַחֲרֵ֣י הַכּוּשִׁ֑י וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֗ב לָֽמָּה־זֶּ֞ה אַתָּ֥ה רָץ֙ בְּנִ֔י וּלְכָ֖ה אֵין־בְּשׂוֹרָ֥ה מֹצֵֽאת׃ # verse = 2SA.18.22 1-2 וַיֹּ֨סֶף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:22!1|MId=o100180220011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֨סֶף יָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.repeated|Ref=2SA_18:22!1|MId=o100180220012|Strong=3254|Frame=A0:100180220031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ע֜וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=again|Ref=2SA_18:22!2|MId=o100180220021|Strong=5750 4 אֲחִימַ֤עַץ אֲחִימַעַץ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Ahimaaz|Ref=2SA_18:22!3|MId=o100180220031|Strong=0290 5 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 4 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=2SA_18:22!4|MId=o100180220041|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 6 צָדוֹק֙ צָדוֹק PROPN _ _ 5 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Zadok|Ref=2SA_18:22!5|MId=o100180220051|Strong=6659 7-8 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:22!6|MId=o100180220061|Strong=2050b 8 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_18:22!6|MId=o100180220062|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100180220031;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_18:22!7|MId=o100180220071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 10 יוֹאָ֔ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=2SA_18:22!8|MId=o100180220081|Strong=3097 11-12 וִ֣יהִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וִ֣ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:22!9|MId=o100180220091|Strong=2050b 12 יהִי הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=may.it.be|Ref=2SA_18:22!9|MId=o100180220092|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:100180220101;|Type=jussive 13 מָ֔ה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 12 nsubj _ Gloss=whatever|Ref=2SA_18:22!10|MId=o100180220101|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 14 אָרֻֽצָה־ רוּץ VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 2 parataxis _ Gloss=let.me.run|Ref=2SA_18:22!11|MId=o100180220111|Strong=7323|Frame=A0:100180220141;|Type=cohortative|SpaceAfter=No 15 נָּ֥א נָא INTJ _ _ 14 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=2SA_18:22!12|MId=o100180220121|Strong=4994|Type=interjection 16 גַם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=2SA_18:22!13|MId=o100180220131|Strong=1571|SpaceAfter=No 17 אָ֖נִי אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2SA_18:22!14|MId=o100180220141|Strong=0589|Type=personal 18 אַחֲרֵ֣י אַחַר ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=2SA_18:22!15|MId=o100180220151|Strong=0310 19-20 הַכּוּשִׁ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:22!16|MId=o100180220161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 כּוּשִׁ֑י כֻּשִׁי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=Cushite|Ref=2SA_18:22!16|MId=o100180220162|Strong=3569|Type=gentilic 21-22 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:22!17|MId=o100180220171|Strong=2050b 22 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_18:22!17|MId=o100180220172|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100180220181;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 יוֹאָ֗ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 22 nsubj _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=2SA_18:22!18|MId=o100180220181|Strong=3097 24-25 לָֽמָּה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לָֽ לָמָה ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_18:22!19|MId=o100180220191|Strong=3807a 25 מָּה־ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 22 ccomp _ Gloss=why?|Ref=2SA_18:22!19|MId=o100180220192|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 26 זֶּ֞ה זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 25 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=2SA_18:22!20|MId=o100180220201|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 27 אַתָּ֥ה אַתָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].you|Ref=2SA_18:22!21|MId=o100180220211|Strong=0859|Type=personal 28 רָץ֙ רוּץ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 26 acl _ Gloss=running|Ref=2SA_18:22!22|MId=o100180220221|Strong=7323|Frame=A0:100180220211;|Type=participle_active 29-30 בְּנִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 בְּנ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 parataxis _ Gloss=my.son|Ref=2SA_18:22!23|MId=o100180220231|Strong=1121 30 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 29 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_18:22!23|MId=o100180220232|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 31-33 וּלְכָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:22!24|MId=o100180220241|Strong=2050b 32 ל לְ ADP _ _ 33 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2SA_18:22!24|MId=o100180220242|Strong=3807a 33 ְכָ֖ה הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2SA_18:22!24|MId=o100180220243|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 34 אֵין־ אַיִן ADV _ _ 25 conj _ Gloss=there.[will].not.[be]|Ref=2SA_18:22!25|MId=o100180220251|Strong=0369|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 35 בְּשׂוֹרָ֥ה בְּשֹׂרָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ Gloss=news|Ref=2SA_18:22!26|MId=o100180220261|Strong=1309 36 מֹצֵֽאת יצא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 35 nmod _ Gloss=[which.will].find|Ref=2SA_18:22!27|MId=o100180220271|Strong=4672|Frame=A0:100180220261;|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=2SA_18:22!27 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּסֶף *he repeated* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | אֲחִימַעַץ *Ahimaaz* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲחִימַעַץ *Ahimaaz* | | | | | יהִי *may it be* | jussive · qal | מָה *whatever* | | | | | אָרֻֽצָה־ *let me run* | cohortative · qal | אָנִי *I* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | | | | | רָץ *running* | participle active · qal | אַתָּה *\[are\] you* | | | | | מֹצֵֽאת *\[which will\] find* | participle active · qal | בְּשׂוֹרָה *news* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאוֹסִיף עוֹד אֲחִימַעַץ בַּר צָדוֹק וַאֲמַר לְיוֹאָב וִיהֵי מָה אֶרְהוֹט כְּעַן אַף אֲנָא בָּתַר כּוּשִׁי וַאֲמַר יוֹאָב לְמָא דְנַן אַתְּ רָהִיט בְּרִי וְלָךְ לֵית בְּסוֹרָא מִתְיְהַב: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then said Ahimaaz the son of Zadok yet again to Joab: 'But come what may, let me, I pray thee, also run after the Cushite.' And Joab said: 'Wherefore wilt thou run, my son, seeing that thou wilt have no reward for the tidings?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.534/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:477`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 18:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.21/) - next →: [2 Samuel 18:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.23/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/)