--- title: 2 Samuel 18:28 — And Ahimaaz called, and said unto the king: 'All is well.' And he bo… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Ahimaaz called, and said unto the king: 'All is well.' And he bowed down before the king with his face to the earth, and said: 'Blessed be the LORD thy God, who hath delivered up the men that lifted up their hand against my lord the king.' Who acts: Ahimaaz, All, king, LORD. 2 Samuel 18:28 in He --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.28/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/) / 18:28 # 2 Samuel 18:28 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Ahimaaz, All, king, LORD, men · **What happens:** call, say, be, bow down, bless, deliver up · **To what, where:** LORD, men, hand · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 18:28 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Ahimaaz, All, king, LORD, men — and what happens in the verse to LORD, men, hand, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקְרָ֣א אֲחִימַ֗עַץ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֶל־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ שָׁל֔וֹם וַיִּשְׁתַּ֧חוּ לַמֶּ֛לֶךְ לְאַפָּ֖יו אָ֑רְצָהס וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בָּרוּךְ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֤ר סִגַּר֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־נָשְׂא֥וּ אֶת־יָדָ֖ם בַּֽאדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [And Ahimaaz called, and said unto the king: 'All is well.' And he bowed down before the king with his face to the earth, and said: 'Blessed be the LORD thy God, who hath delivered up the men that lifted up their hand against my lord the king.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.541/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:483 # text = וַיִּקְרָ֣א אֲחִימַ֗עַץ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֶל־הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ שָׁל֔וֹם וַיִּשְׁתַּ֧חוּ לַמֶּ֛לֶךְ לְאַפָּ֖יו אָ֑רְצָהס וַיֹּ֗אמֶר בָּרוּךְ֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֤ר סִגַּר֙ אֶת־הָ֣אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אֲשֶׁר־נָשְׂא֥וּ אֶת־יָדָ֖ם בַּֽאדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ # verse = 2SA.18.28 1-2 וַיִּקְרָ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:28!1|MId=o100180280011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקְרָ֣א קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.called.out|Ref=2SA_18:28!1|MId=o100180280012|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:100180280021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֲחִימַ֗עַץ אֲחִימַעַץ PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Ahimaaz|Ref=2SA_18:28!2|MId=o100180280021|Strong=0290 4-5 וַיֹּ֤אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:28!3|MId=o100180280031|Strong=2050b 5 יֹּ֤אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_18:28!3|MId=o100180280032|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100180280021;|Type=wayyiqtol 6 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_18:28!4|MId=o100180280041|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:28!5|MId=o100180280051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_18:28!5|MId=o100180280052|Strong=4428 9 שָׁל֔וֹם שָׁלוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 ccomp _ Gloss=peace|Ref=2SA_18:28!6|MId=o100180280061|Strong=7965 10-11 וַיִּשְׁתַּ֧חוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:28!7|MId=o100180280071|Strong=2050b 11 יִּשְׁתַּ֧חוּ חוה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.bowed.down|Ref=2SA_18:28!7|MId=o100180280072|Strong=7812a|Frame=A0:100180280021;|Type=wayyiqtol 12-14 לַמֶּ֛לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_18:28!8|MId=o100180280081|Strong=3807a 13 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:28!8|MId=o100180280081ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מֶּ֛לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_18:28!8|MId=o100180280082|Strong=4428 15-17 לְאַפָּ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_18:28!9|MId=o100180280091|Strong=3807a 16 אַפָּ֖י אַף NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Dual 11 obl _ Gloss=face|Ref=2SA_18:28!9|MId=o100180280092|Strong=0639 17 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_18:28!9|MId=o100180280093|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 אָ֑רְצָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 אָ֑רְצ אֶרֶץ NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=ground|Ref=2SA_18:28!10|MId=o100180280101|Strong=0776 19 ָה ה X _ _ 18 nmod _ Gloss=to.[the]|Ref=2SA_18:28!10|MId=o100180280102|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 20 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 19 punct _ Ref=2SA_18:28!10 21-22 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:28!11|MId=o100180280111|Strong=2050b 22 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_18:28!11|MId=o100180280112|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100180280021;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 בָּרוּךְ֙ בָּרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 22 ccomp _ Gloss=[be].blessed|Ref=2SA_18:28!12|MId=o100180280121|Strong=1288|Frame=A1:100180280141;|Type=participle_passive 24 יְהוָ֣ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 23 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2SA_18:28!13|MId=o100180280131|Strong=3068 25-26 אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 אֱלֹהֶ֔י אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 24 appos _ Gloss=God|Ref=2SA_18:28!14|MId=o100180280141|Strong=0430 26 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2SA_18:28!14|MId=o100180280142|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 27 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 28 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=2SA_18:28!15|MId=o100180280151|Strong=0834|Type=relative 28 סִגַּר֙ סָגַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 24 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he.has.delivered.up|Ref=2SA_18:28!16|MId=o100180280161|Strong=5462|Frame=A0:100180280141;A1:100180280192;|Type=qatal 29 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_18:28!17|MId=o100180280171|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 הָ֣אֲנָשִׁ֔ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הָ֣ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:28!18|MId=o100180280181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 אֲנָשִׁ֔ים אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 28 obj _ Gloss=men|Ref=2SA_18:28!18|MId=o100180280182|Strong=0376 32 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 33 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=2SA_18:28!19|MId=o100180280191|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 33 נָשְׂא֥וּ נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 31 acl:relcl _ Gloss=they.lifted.up|Ref=2SA_18:28!20|MId=o100180280201|Strong=5375|Frame=A0:100180280192;A1:100180280231;|Type=qatal 34 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_18:28!21|MId=o100180280211|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 35-36 יָדָ֖ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 33 obj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=2SA_18:28!22|MId=o100180280221|Strong=3027 36 ָ֖ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=their|Ref=2SA_18:28!22|MId=o100180280222|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 37-39 בַּֽאדֹנִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 בַּֽ בְּ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=against|Ref=2SA_18:28!23|MId=o100180280231|Strong=0871a 38 אדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 obl _ Gloss=lord|Ref=2SA_18:28!23|MId=o100180280232|Strong=0113 39 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 38 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_18:28!23|MId=o100180280233|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 40-41 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 41 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:28!24|MId=o100180280241|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 41 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 appos _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_18:28!24|MId=o100180280242|Strong=4428 42 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 41 punct _ Ref=2SA_18:28!24 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקְרָא *he called out* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲחִימַעַץ *Ahimaaz* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲחִימַעַץ *Ahimaaz* | | | | | יִּשְׁתַּחוּ *he bowed down* | wayyiqtol · hithpael | אֲחִימַעַץ *Ahimaaz* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲחִימַעַץ *Ahimaaz* | | | | | בָּרוּךְ *\[be\] blessed* | participle passive · qal | | אֱלֹהֶי *God* | | | | סִגַּר *he has delivered up* | qatal · piel | אֱלֹהֶי *God* | | | | | נָשְׂאוּ *they lifted up* | qatal · qal | | בַּֽ *against* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּקְרָא אֲחִימַעַץ וַאֲמַר לְמַלְכָּא שְׁלָם וּסְגִיד לְמַלְכָּא עַל אַפּוֹהִי עַל אַרְעָא וַאֲמַר בְּרִיךְ יְיָ אֱלָהָךְ דִמְסַר יַת גַבְרַיָא דַאֲרִימוּ יַת יְדֵיהוֹן בְּרִבּוֹנִי מַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Ahimaaz called, and said unto the king: 'All is well.' And he bowed down before the king with his face to the earth, and said: 'Blessed be the LORD thy God, who hath delivered up the men that lifted up their hand against my lord the king.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.541/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:483`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 18:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.27/) - next →: [2 Samuel 18:29](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.29/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/)