--- title: 2 Samuel 18:6 — So the people went out into the field against Israel; and the battle… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So the people went out into the field against Israel; and the battle was in the forest of Ephraim. Who acts: people, battle. 2 Samuel 18:6 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.6/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/) / 18:6 # 2 Samuel 18:6 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** people, battle · **What happens:** go out, be · **To what, where:** field, forest This is 2 Samuel 18:6 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, battle — and what happens in the verse to field, forest, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּצֵ֥א הָעָ֛ם הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה לִקְרַ֣את יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַתְּהִ֥י הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה בְּיַ֥עַר אֶפְרָֽיִם׃ [So the people went out into the field against Israel; and the battle was in the forest of Ephraim.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.517/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:461 # text = וַיֵּצֵ֥א הָעָ֛ם הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה לִקְרַ֣את יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַתְּהִ֥י הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה בְּיַ֥עַר אֶפְרָֽיִם׃ # verse = 2SA.18.6 1-2 וַיֵּצֵ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:6!1|MId=o100180060011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּצֵ֥א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.went.out|Ref=2SA_18:6!1|MId=o100180060012|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:100180060022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הָעָ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:6!2|MId=o100180060021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 עָ֛ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=2SA_18:6!2|MId=o100180060022|Strong=5971 5-6 הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:6!3|MId=o100180060031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 שָּׂדֶ֖ה שָׂדֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=field|Ref=2SA_18:6!3|MId=o100180060032|Strong=7704 7-8 לִקְרַ֣את _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_18:6!4|MId=o100180060041|Strong=3807a 8 קְרַ֣את קרא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=meet|Ref=2SA_18:6!4|MId=o100180060042|Strong=7122|Frame=A0:100180060022;A1:100180060051;|Type=infinitive_construct 9 יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 8 obj _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=2SA_18:6!5|MId=o100180060051|Strong=3478 10-11 וַתְּהִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:6!6|MId=o100180060061|Strong=2050b 11 תְּהִ֥י הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2SA_18:6!6|MId=o100180060062|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:100180060072;|Type=wayyiqtol 12-13 הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:6!7|MId=o100180060071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 מִּלְחָמָ֖ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=battle|Ref=2SA_18:6!7|MId=o100180060072|Strong=4421 14-15 בְּיַ֥עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_18:6!8|MId=o100180060081|Strong=0871a 15 יַ֥עַר יַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 obl _ Gloss=the.forest|Ref=2SA_18:6!8|MId=o100180060082|Strong=3293 16 אֶפְרָֽיִם אֶפְרַיִם PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ephraim|Ref=2SA_18:6!9|MId=o100180060091|Strong=0669|SpaceAfter=No 17 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 16 punct _ Ref=2SA_18:6!9 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּצֵא *it went out* | wayyiqtol · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | קְרַאת *meet* | infinitive construct · qal | עָם *people* | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | תְּהִי *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | מִּלְחָמָה *battle* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּנְפַק עַמָא לְחַקְלָא לִקֳדָמוּת יִשְׂרָאֵל וַהֲוַת קְרָבָא בְּחוּרְשָׁא דְבֵית אֶפְרָיִם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So the people went out into the field against Israel; and the battle was in the forest of Ephraim.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.517/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:461`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 18:5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.5/) - next →: [2 Samuel 18:7](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.7/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/)