--- title: 2 Samuel 18:7 — And the people of Israel were smitten there before the servants of D… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the people of Israel were smitten there before the servants of David, and there was a great slaughter there that day of twenty thousand men. Who acts: great slaughter. 2 Samuel 18:7 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.7/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/) / 18:7 # 2 Samuel 18:7 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** great slaughter · **What happens:** smite, be, slaughter · **To what, where:** people, thousand men This is 2 Samuel 18:7 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — great slaughter — and what happens in the verse to people, thousand men, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּנָּ֤גְפוּ שָׁם֙ עַ֣ם יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִפְנֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֣י דָוִ֑ד וַתְּהִי־שָׁ֞ם הַמַּגֵּפָ֧ה גְדוֹלָ֛ה בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא עֶשְׂרִ֥ים אָֽלֶף׃ [And the people of Israel were smitten there before the servants of David, and there was a great slaughter there that day of twenty thousand men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.518/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:462 # text = וַיִּנָּ֤גְפוּ שָׁם֙ עַ֣ם יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִפְנֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֣י דָוִ֑ד וַתְּהִי־שָׁ֞ם הַמַּגֵּפָ֧ה גְדוֹלָ֛ה בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא עֶשְׂרִ֥ים אָֽלֶף׃ # verse = 2SA.18.7 1-2 וַיִּנָּ֤גְפוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:7!1|MId=o100180070011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּנָּ֤גְפוּ נָגַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.were.defeated|Ref=2SA_18:7!1|MId=o100180070012|Strong=5062|Frame=A1:100180070031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 שָׁם֙ שָׁם ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=2SA_18:7!2|MId=o100180070021|Strong=8033 4 עַ֣ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2SA_18:7!3|MId=o100180070031|Strong=5971 5 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2SA_18:7!4|MId=o100180070041|Strong=3478 6-7 לִפְנֵ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=2SA_18:7!5|MId=o100180070051|Strong=3807a 7 פְנֵ֖י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_18:7!5|MId=o100180070052|Strong=6440 8 עַבְדֵ֣י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.servants|Ref=2SA_18:7!6|MId=o100180070061|Strong=5650 9 דָוִ֑ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 8 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=2SA_18:7!7|MId=o100180070071|Strong=1732 10-11 וַתְּהִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_18:7!8|MId=o100180070081|Strong=2050b 11 תְּהִי־ הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 15 cop _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2SA_18:7!8|MId=o100180070082|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:100180070102;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 שָׁ֞ם שָׁם ADV _ _ 15 advmod _ Gloss=there|Ref=2SA_18:7!9|MId=o100180070091|Strong=8033 13-14 הַמַּגֵּפָ֧ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:7!10|MId=o100180070101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 מַּגֵּפָ֧ה מַגֵּפָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=slaughter|Ref=2SA_18:7!10|MId=o100180070102|Strong=4046 15 גְדוֹלָ֛ה גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=great|Ref=2SA_18:7!11|MId=o100180070111|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 16-18 בַּיּ֥וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_18:7!12|MId=o100180070121|Strong=0871a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_18:7!12|MId=o100180070121ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 יּ֥וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=2SA_18:7!12|MId=o100180070122|Strong=3117 19-20 הַה֖וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_18:7!13|MId=o100180070131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 ה֖וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=2SA_18:7!13|MId=o100180070132|Strong=1931|Type=personal 21 עֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֶשְׂרִים NUM _ Number=Plur 15 parataxis _ Gloss=twenty|Ref=2SA_18:7!14|MId=o100180070141|Strong=6242|Type=cardinal_number 22 אָֽלֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 21 flat _ Gloss=thousand|Ref=2SA_18:7!15|MId=o100180070151|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=2SA_18:7!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּנָּגְפוּ *they were defeated* | wayyiqtol · niphal | | עַם *the people* | | | | תְּהִי־ *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | מַּגֵּפָה *slaughter* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִתַּבָּרוּ תַמָן עַם יִשְׂרָאֵל קֳדָם עַבְדֵי דָוִד וַהֲוַת תַּמָן מְחָתָא רַבְּתָא בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא עַסְרִין אַלְפִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the people of Israel were smitten there before the servants of David, and there was a great slaughter there that day of twenty thousand men.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.518/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:462`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 18:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.6/) - next →: [2 Samuel 18:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.18.8/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/18/)