--- title: 2 Samuel 19:11 — And Absalom, whom we anointed over us, is dead in battle. Now, there… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Absalom, whom we anointed over us, is dead in battle. Now, therefore, why speak ye not a word of bringing the king back?' Who acts: we, Absalom, ye, word. 2 Samuel 19:11 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.11/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/) / 19:11 # 2 Samuel 19:11 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** we, Absalom, ye, word · **What happens:** anoint, be, not speak, bring back · **To what, where:** Absalom, battle, word, king · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 19:11 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — we, Absalom, ye, word — and what happens in the verse to Absalom, battle, word, king, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָשַׁ֣חְנוּ עָלֵ֔ינוּ מֵ֖ת בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְעַתָּ֗ה לָמָ֥ה אַתֶּ֛ם מַחֲרִשִׁ֖ים לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֶת־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ס [And Absalom, whom we anointed over us, is dead in battle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.559/) [Now, therefore, why speak ye not a word of bringing the king back?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.560/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:498 # text = וְאַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָשַׁ֣חְנוּ עָלֵ֔ינוּ מֵ֖ת בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְעַתָּ֗ה לָמָ֥ה אַתֶּ֛ם מַחֲרִשִׁ֖ים לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֶת־הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ס # verse = 2SA.19.11 1-2 וְאַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:11!1|MId=o100190110011|Strong=2050b 2 אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אַבְשָׁלֹום PROPN _ _ 7 nsubj _ Gloss=Absalom|Ref=2SA_19:11!1|MId=o100190110012|Strong=0053 3 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 4 mark _ Gloss=whom|Ref=2SA_19:11!2|MId=o100190110021|Strong=0834|Type=relative 4 מָשַׁ֣חְנוּ מָשַׁח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 acl:relcl _ Gloss=we.anointed|Ref=2SA_19:11!3|MId=o100190110031|Strong=4886|Frame=A0:100190100032;A1:100190110012;|Type=qatal 5-6 עָלֵ֔ינוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 עָלֵ֔י עַל ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=over|Ref=2SA_19:11!4|MId=o100190110041|Strong=5921 6 נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 4 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=2SA_19:11!4|MId=o100190110042|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 7 מֵ֖ת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.has.died|Ref=2SA_19:11!5|MId=o100190110051|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:100190110012;|Type=qatal 8-10 בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_19:11!6|MId=o100190110061|Strong=0871a 9 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:11!6|MId=o100190110061ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 מִּלְחָמָ֑ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=battle|Ref=2SA_19:11!6|MId=o100190110062|Strong=4421 11-12 וְעַתָּ֗ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:11!7|MId=o100190110071|Strong=2050b 12 עַתָּ֗ה עַתָּה ADV _ _ 7 advmod _ Gloss=therefore|Ref=2SA_19:11!7|MId=o100190110072|Strong=6258 13-14 לָמָ֥ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 לָ לָמָה ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_19:11!8|MId=o100190110081|Strong=3807a 14 מָ֥ה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 16 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=2SA_19:11!8|MId=o100190110082|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 15 אַתֶּ֛ם אַתֶּם PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nsubj _ Gloss=[are].you|Ref=2SA_19:11!9|MId=o100190110091|Strong=0859a|Type=personal 16 מַחֲרִשִׁ֖ים חָרֵשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur 7 parataxis _ Gloss=keeping.silent|Ref=2SA_19:11!10|MId=o100190110101|Strong=2790a|Frame=A0:100190110091;|Type=participle_active 17-18 לְהָשִׁ֥יב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_19:11!11|MId=o100190110111|Strong=3807a 18 הָשִׁ֥יב שׁוּב VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 16 advcl _ Gloss=bring.back|Ref=2SA_19:11!11|MId=o100190110112|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:100190100032;A0:100190110132;|Type=infinitive_construct 19 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_19:11!12|MId=o100190110121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 20-21 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:11!13|MId=o100190110131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:11!13|MId=o100190110132|Strong=4428 22 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:11!13|SpaceAfter=No 23 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 21 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:11!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | מָשַׁחְנוּ *we anointed* | qatal · qal | | אַבְשָׁלוֹם *Absalom* | | | | מֵת *he has died* | qatal · qal | אַבְשָׁלוֹם *Absalom* | | | | | מַחֲרִשִׁים *keeping silent* | participle active · hiphil | אַתֶּם *\[are\] you* | | | | | הָשִׁיב *bring back* | infinitive construct · hiphil | מֶּֽלֶךְ *king* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאַבְשָׁלוֹם דִמְשַׁחְנָא עֲלָנָא מִית בִּקְרָבָא וּכְעַן לְמָה אַתּוּן שַׁתְקִין לַאֲתָבָא יַת מַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Absalom, whom we anointed over us, is dead in battle.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.559/) 2. [Now, therefore, why speak ye not a word of bringing the king back?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.560/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:498`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 19:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.10/) - next →: [2 Samuel 19:12](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.12/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/)