--- title: 2 Samuel 19:18 — And there were a thousand men of Benjamin with him, and Ziba the ser… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And there were a thousand men of Benjamin with him, and Ziba the servant of the house of Saul, and his fifteen sons and his twenty servants with him. And they rushed into the Jordan before the king. Who acts: thousand men, servants. 2 Samuel 19:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/) / 19:18 # 2 Samuel 19:18 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** thousand men, servants · **What happens:** be, rush · **To what, where:** Jordan This is 2 Samuel 19:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — thousand men, servants — and what happens in the verse to Jordan, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְאֶ֨לֶף אִ֣ישׁ עִמּוֹ֮ מִבִּנְיָמִן֒ וְצִיבָ֗א נַ֚עַר בֵּ֣ית שָׁא֔וּל וַחֲמֵ֨שֶׁת עָשָׂ֥ר בָּנָ֛יו וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֲבָדָ֖יו אִתּ֑וֹ וְצָלְח֥וּ הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [And there were a thousand men of Benjamin with him, and Ziba the servant of the house of Saul, and his fifteen sons and his twenty servants with him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.569/) [And they rushed into the Jordan before the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.570/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:505 # text = וְאֶ֨לֶף אִ֣ישׁ עִמּוֹ֮ מִבִּנְיָמִן֒ וְצִיבָ֗א נַ֚עַר בֵּ֣ית שָׁא֔וּל וַחֲמֵ֨שֶׁת עָשָׂ֥ר בָּנָ֛יו וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֲבָדָ֖יו אִתּ֑וֹ וְצָלְח֥וּ הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ # verse = 2SA.19.18 1-2 וְאֶ֨לֶף _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:18!1|MId=o100190180011|Strong=2050b 2 אֶ֨לֶף אֶלֶף NUM _ Number=Sing 3 nummod _ Gloss=one.thousand|Ref=2SA_19:18!1|MId=o100190180012|Strong=0505|Type=cardinal_number 3 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=man|Ref=2SA_19:18!2|MId=o100190180021|Strong=0376 4-5 עִמּוֹ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=[were].with|Ref=2SA_19:18!3|MId=o100190180031|Strong=5973 5 וֹ֮ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 0 root _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_19:18!3|MId=o100190180032|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 6-7 מִבִּנְיָמִן֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_19:18!4|MId=o100190180041|Strong=4480 7 בִּנְיָמִן֒ בִּנְיָמִן PROPN _ _ 5 parataxis _ Gloss=Benjamin|Ref=2SA_19:18!4|MId=o100190180042|Strong=1144 8-9 וְצִיבָ֗א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:18!5|MId=o100190180051|Strong=2050b 9 צִיבָ֗א צִיבָא PROPN _ _ 23 nsubj _ Gloss=Ziba|Ref=2SA_19:18!5|MId=o100190180052|Strong=6717 10 נַ֚עַר נַעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 9 appos _ Gloss=the.servant|Ref=2SA_19:18!6|MId=o100190180061|Strong=5288 11 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.house|Ref=2SA_19:18!7|MId=o100190180071|Strong=1004 12 שָׁא֔וּל שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Saul|Ref=2SA_19:18!8|MId=o100190180081|Strong=7586 13-14 וַחֲמֵ֨שֶׁת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:18!9|MId=o100190180091|Strong=2050b 14 חֲמֵ֨שֶׁת חָמֵשׁ NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 nummod _ Gloss=five|Ref=2SA_19:18!9|MId=o100190180092|Strong=2568|Type=cardinal_number 15 עָשָׂ֥ר עָשָׂר NUM _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 flat _ Gloss=teen|Ref=2SA_19:18!10|MId=o100190180101|Strong=6240|Type=cardinal_number 16-17 בָּנָ֛יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בָּנָ֛י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=sons|Ref=2SA_19:18!11|MId=o100190180111|Strong=1121 17 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_19:18!11|MId=o100190180112|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18-19 וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:18!12|MId=o100190180121|Strong=2050b 19 עֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֶשְׂרִים NUM _ Number=Plur 20 nummod _ Gloss=twenty|Ref=2SA_19:18!12|MId=o100190180122|Strong=6242|Type=cardinal_number 20-21 עֲבָדָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 עֲבָדָ֖י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 9 conj _ Gloss=servants|Ref=2SA_19:18!13|MId=o100190180131|Strong=5650 21 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_19:18!13|MId=o100190180132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 22-23 אִתּ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 אִתּ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=[were].with|Ref=2SA_19:18!14|MId=o100190180141|Strong=0854 23 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 conj _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_19:18!14|MId=o100190180142|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 24-25 וְצָלְח֥וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 25 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:18!15|MId=o100190180151|Strong=2050b 25 צָלְח֥וּ צָלַח VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 5 conj _ Gloss=they.rushed.ahead|Ref=2SA_19:18!15|MId=o100190180152|Strong=6743a|Frame=A0:100190180021;100190180052;100190180111;100190180131;100190170021;|Type=qatal 26-27 הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 27 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:18!16|MId=o100190180161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 27 יַּרְדֵּ֖ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 25 obl _ Gloss=Jordan|Ref=2SA_19:18!16|MId=o100190180162|Strong=3383 28-29 לִפְנֵ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=2SA_19:18!17|MId=o100190180171|Strong=3807a 29 פְנֵ֥י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 25 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_19:18!17|MId=o100190180172|Strong=6440 30-31 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 31 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:18!18|MId=o100190180181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 31 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:18!18|MId=o100190180182|Strong=4428 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:18!18 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | צָלְחוּ *they rushed ahead* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *man* + צִיבָא *Ziba* + בָּנָי *sons* + עֲבָדָי *servants* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲלַף גַבְרָא עִמֵיהּ מִשִׁבְטָא דְבִנְיָמִין וְצִיבָא עוּלֵימָא דְבֵית שָׁאוּל וְחַמְשַׁת עֲסַר בְּנוֹהִי וְעַשְׂרִין עַבְדוֹהִי עִמֵיהּ וְגָזוּ יַרְדְנָא קֳדָם מַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And there were a thousand men of Benjamin with him, and Ziba the servant of the house of Saul, and his fifteen sons and his twenty servants with him.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.569/) 2. [And they rushed into the Jordan before the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.570/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:505`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 19:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.17/) - next →: [2 Samuel 19:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.19/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/)