--- title: 2 Samuel 19:36 — I am this day fourscore years old; can I discern between good and ba… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: I am this day fourscore years old; can I discern between good and bad? can thy servant taste what I eat or what I drink? can I hear any more the voice of singing men and singing women? wherefore then should thy servant be yet a burden unto my lord the king? Who acts: I, servant, voice. 2 Samuel 19:3 --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.36/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/) / 19:36 # 2 Samuel 19:36 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** I, servant, voice · **What happens:** be, discern, taste, eat, drink, hear · **To what, where:** voice, men, women, burden This is 2 Samuel 19:36 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — I, servant, voice — and what happens in the verse to voice, men, women, burden, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. בֶּן־שְׁמֹנִ֣ים שָׁנָה֩ אָנֹכִ֨י הַיּ֜וֹם הַאֵדַ֣ע ׀ בֵּין־ט֣וֹב לְרָ֗ע אִם־יִטְעַ֤ם עַבְדְּךָ֙ אֶת־אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֹכַל֙ וְאֶת־אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶשְׁתֶּ֔ה אִם־אֶשְׁמַ֣ע ע֔וֹד בְּק֖וֹל שָׁרִ֣ים וְשָׁר֑וֹת וְלָמָּה֩ יִֽהְיֶ֨ה עַבְדְּךָ֥ עוֹד֙ לְמַשָּׂ֔א אֶל־אֲדֹנִ֖י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ [I am this day fourscore years old; can I discern between good and bad? can thy servant taste what I eat or what I drink? can I hear any more the voice of singing men and singing women? wherefore then should thy servant be yet a burden unto my lord the king?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.591/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:523 # text = בֶּן־שְׁמֹנִ֣ים שָׁנָה֩ אָנֹכִ֨י הַיּ֜וֹם הַאֵדַ֣ע ׀ בֵּין־ט֣וֹב לְרָ֗ע אִם־יִטְעַ֤ם עַבְדְּךָ֙ אֶת־אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֹכַל֙ וְאֶת־אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶשְׁתֶּ֔ה אִם־אֶשְׁמַ֣ע ע֔וֹד בְּק֖וֹל שָׁרִ֣ים וְשָׁר֑וֹת וְלָמָּה֩ יִֽהְיֶ֨ה עַבְדְּךָ֥ עוֹד֙ לְמַשָּׂ֔א אֶל־אֲדֹנִ֖י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ׃ # verse = 2SA.19.36 1 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 0 root _ Gloss=[am].a.son|Ref=2SA_19:36!1|MId=o100190360011|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 2 שְׁמֹנִ֣ים שְׁמֹנֶה NUM _ Number=Plur 3 nummod _ Gloss=of.eighty|Ref=2SA_19:36!2|MId=o100190360021|Strong=8084|Type=cardinal_number 3 שָׁנָה֩ שָׁנָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 1 compound:smixut _ Gloss=year[s]|Ref=2SA_19:36!3|MId=o100190360031|Strong=8141 4 אָנֹכִ֨י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 1 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2SA_19:36!4|MId=o100190360041|Strong=0595|Type=personal 5-6 הַיּ֜וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=2SA_19:36!5|MId=o100190360051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 יּ֜וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=2SA_19:36!5|MId=o100190360052|Strong=3117 7-8 הַאֵדַ֣ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הֲ PART _ _ 8 advmod _ Gloss=do|Ref=2SA_19:36!6|MId=o100190360061|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 8 אֵדַ֣ע יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 1 parataxis _ Gloss=I.know?|Ref=2SA_19:36!6|MId=o100190360062|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:100190350021;|Type=yiqtol 9 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 8 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:36!6 10 בֵּין־ בֵּין ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=between|Ref=2SA_19:36!7|MId=o100190360071|Strong=0996|SpaceAfter=No 11 ט֣וֹב טוֹב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 8 obl _ Gloss=good|Ref=2SA_19:36!8|MId=o100190360081|Strong=2896|Type=adjective 12-13 לְרָ֗ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:36!9|MId=o100190360091|Strong=3807a 13 רָ֗ע רַע ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 conj _ Gloss=evil|Ref=2SA_19:36!9|MId=o100190360092|Strong=7451|Type=adjective 14 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=or?|Ref=2SA_19:36!10|MId=o100190360101|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 15 יִטְעַ֤ם טָעַם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=will.he.taste|Ref=2SA_19:36!11|MId=o100190360111|Strong=2938|Frame=A0:100190360121;A1:100190360151;100190360181;|Type=yiqtol 16-17 עַבְדְּךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=servant|Ref=2SA_19:36!12|MId=o100190360121|Strong=5650 17 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2SA_19:36!12|MId=o100190360122|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 18 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 15 obj _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_19:36!13|MId=o100190360131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 19 אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=2SA_19:36!14|MId=o100190360141|Strong=0834|Type=relative 20 אֹכַל֙ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 18 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.will.eat|Ref=2SA_19:36!15|MId=o100190360151|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:100190360121;|Type=yiqtol 21-22 וְאֶת־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:36!16|MId=o100190360161|Strong=2050b 22 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 18 conj _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_19:36!16|MId=o100190360162|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 23 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 24 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=2SA_19:36!17|MId=o100190360171|Strong=0834|Type=relative 24 אֶשְׁתֶּ֔ה שָׁתָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 22 acl:relcl _ Gloss=I.will.drink|Ref=2SA_19:36!18|MId=o100190360181|Strong=8354|Frame=A0:100190360121;|Type=yiqtol 25 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=or?|Ref=2SA_19:36!19|MId=o100190360191|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 26 אֶשְׁמַ֣ע שָׁמַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 1 parataxis _ Gloss=will.I.hear|Ref=2SA_19:36!20|MId=o100190360201|Strong=8085|Frame=A0:100190360121;|Type=yiqtol 27 ע֔וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 26 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=2SA_19:36!21|MId=o100190360211|Strong=5750 28-29 בְּק֖וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 29 case _ Gloss=(in).the|Ref=2SA_19:36!22|MId=o100190360221|Strong=0871a 29 ק֖וֹל קוֹל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 obl _ Gloss=voice|Ref=2SA_19:36!22|MId=o100190360222|Strong=6963 30 שָׁרִ֣ים שִׁיר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 29 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.[male].singers|Ref=2SA_19:36!23|MId=o100190360231|Strong=7891|Type=participle_active 31-32 וְשָׁר֑וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:36!24|MId=o100190360241|Strong=2050b 32 שָׁר֑וֹת שִׁיר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 30 conj _ Gloss=female.singers|Ref=2SA_19:36!24|MId=o100190360242|Strong=7891|Type=participle_active 33-35 וְלָמָּה֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:36!25|MId=o100190360251|Strong=2050b 34 לָ לָמָה ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_19:36!25|MId=o100190360252|Strong=3807a 35 מָּה֩ מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 41 obl _ Gloss=why?|Ref=2SA_19:36!25|MId=o100190360253|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 36 יִֽהְיֶ֨ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 41 cop _ Gloss=will.he.become|Ref=2SA_19:36!26|MId=o100190360261|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:100190360271;|Type=yiqtol 37-38 עַבְדְּךָ֥ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 nsubj _ Gloss=servant|Ref=2SA_19:36!27|MId=o100190360271|Strong=5650 38 ְךָ֥ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2SA_19:36!27|MId=o100190360272|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 39 עוֹד֙ עוֹד ADV _ _ 41 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=2SA_19:36!28|MId=o100190360281|Strong=5750 40-41 לְמַשָּׂ֔א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=(into).a|Ref=2SA_19:36!29|MId=o100190360291|Strong=3807a 41 מַשָּׂ֔א מַשָּׂא NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=burden|Ref=2SA_19:36!29|MId=o100190360292|Strong=4853 42 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 43 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_19:36!30|MId=o100190360301|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 43-44 אֲדֹנִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 43 אֲדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 obl _ Gloss=lord|Ref=2SA_19:36!31|MId=o100190360311|Strong=0113 44 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 43 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_19:36!31|MId=o100190360312|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 45-46 הַמֶּֽלֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 46 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:36!32|MId=o100190360321|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 46 מֶּֽלֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 43 appos _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:36!32|MId=o100190360322|Strong=4428 47 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 46 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:36!32 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | אֵדַע *I know?* | yiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִטְעַם *will he taste* | yiqtol · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | אֹכַל *I will eat* + אֶשְׁתֶּה *I will drink* | | | | אֹכַל *I will eat* | yiqtol · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | | אֶשְׁתֶּה *I will drink* | yiqtol · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | | אֶשְׁמַע *will I hear* | yiqtol · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | | יִֽהְיֶה *will he become* | yiqtol · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} בַּר תַּמְנָן שְׁנִין אֲנָא יוֹמָא דֵין הַאִידַע בֵּין טַב לְבִישׁ אִם יִטְעַם עַבְדָךְ יַת מָה דְאֵיכוּל וְיַת מָה דְאֶשְׁתֵּי אִם אֶשְׁמַע עוֹד בְּקַל כִּנְרִין וְתוּשְׁבָּחָן וּלְמָה יְהֵי עַבְדָךְ עוֹד לְמַטוּל עַל רִבּוֹנִי מַלְכָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [I am this day fourscore years old; can I discern between good and bad? can thy servant taste what I eat or what I drink? can I hear any more the voice of singing men and singing women? wherefore then should thy servant be yet a burden unto my lord the king?](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.591/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:523`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 19:35](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.35/) - next →: [2 Samuel 19:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.37/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/)