--- title: 2 Samuel 19:38 — Let thy servant, I pray thee, turn back, that I may die in mine own… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Let thy servant, I pray thee, turn back, that I may die in mine own city, by the grave of my father and my mother. But behold thy servant Chimham; let him go over with my lord the king; and do to him what shall seem good unto thee.' Who acts: you, I, servant, Chimham. 2 Samuel 19:38 in Hebrew with i --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.38/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/) / 19:38 # 2 Samuel 19:38 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** you, I, servant, Chimham · **What happens:** let, pray, turn back, die, behold, go over · **To what, where:** thee, servant, Chimham, king This is 2 Samuel 19:38 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — you, I, servant, Chimham — and what happens in the verse to thee, servant, Chimham, king, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. יָֽשָׁב־נָ֤א עַבְדְּךָ֙ וְאָמֻ֣ת בְּעִירִ֔י עִ֛ם קֶ֥בֶר אָבִ֖י וְאִמִּ֑י וְהִנֵּ֣ה ׀ עַבְדְּךָ֣ כִמְהָ֗ם יַֽעֲבֹר֙ עִם־אֲדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַעֲשֵׂה־ל֕וֹ אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־ט֖וֹב בְּעֵינֶֽיךָ׃ס [Let thy servant, I pray thee, turn back, that I may die in mine own city, by the grave of my father and my mother.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.593/) [But behold thy servant Chimham; let him go over with my lord the king; and do to him what shall seem good unto thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.594/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:525 # text = יָֽשָׁב־נָ֤א עַבְדְּךָ֙ וְאָמֻ֣ת בְּעִירִ֔י עִ֛ם קֶ֥בֶר אָבִ֖י וְאִמִּ֑י וְהִנֵּ֣ה ׀ עַבְדְּךָ֣ כִמְהָ֗ם יַֽעֲבֹר֙ עִם־אֲדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַעֲשֵׂה־ל֕וֹ אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־ט֖וֹב בְּעֵינֶֽיךָ׃ס # verse = 2SA.19.38 1 יָֽשָׁב־ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=let.him.return|Ref=2SA_19:38!1|MId=o100190380011|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:100190380031;|Type=jussive|SpaceAfter=No 2 נָ֤א נָא INTJ _ _ 1 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=2SA_19:38!2|MId=o100190380021|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 3-4 עַבְדְּךָ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 nsubj _ Gloss=servant|Ref=2SA_19:38!3|MId=o100190380031|Strong=5650 4 ְךָ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 3 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2SA_19:38!3|MId=o100190380032|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 5-6 וְאָמֻ֣ת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=so|Ref=2SA_19:38!4|MId=o100190380041|Strong=2050b 6 אָמֻ֣ת מוּת VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 1 conj _ Gloss=that.I.may.die|Ref=2SA_19:38!4|MId=o100190380042|Strong=4191|Frame=A0:100190380031;|Type=yiqtol 7-9 בְּעִירִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_19:38!5|MId=o100190380051|Strong=0871a 8 עִיר עִיר NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=my.own|Ref=2SA_19:38!5|MId=o100190380052|Strong=5892 9 ִ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 8 nmod:poss _ Gloss=city|Ref=2SA_19:38!5|MId=o100190380053|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 10 עִ֛ם עִם ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=near|Ref=2SA_19:38!6|MId=o100190380061|Strong=5973 11 קֶ֥בֶר קֶבֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=the.grave|Ref=2SA_19:38!7|MId=o100190380071|Strong=6913 12-13 אָבִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.father|Ref=2SA_19:38!8|MId=o100190380081|Strong=0001 13 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_19:38!8|MId=o100190380082|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14-16 וְאִמִּ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:38!9|MId=o100190380091|Strong=2050b 15 אִמּ אֵם NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 12 conj _ Gloss=mother|Ref=2SA_19:38!9|MId=o100190380092|Strong=0517 16 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_19:38!9|MId=o100190380093|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 17-18 וְהִנֵּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:38!10|MId=o100190380101|Strong=2050b 18 הִנֵּ֣ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 20 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=2SA_19:38!10|MId=o100190380102|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 19 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:38!10 20-21 עַבְדְּךָ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 1 conj _ Gloss=servant|Ref=2SA_19:38!11|MId=o100190380111|Strong=5650 21 ְךָ֣ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2SA_19:38!11|MId=o100190380112|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 22 כִמְהָ֗ם כִּמְהָם PROPN _ _ 20 appos _ Gloss=Kimham|Ref=2SA_19:38!12|MId=o100190380121|Strong=3643 23 יַֽעֲבֹר֙ עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 1 parataxis _ Gloss=let.him.pass.over|Ref=2SA_19:38!13|MId=o100190380131|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100190380111;|Type=jussive 24 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_19:38!14|MId=o100190380141|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 אֲדֹנִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 אֲדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=lord|Ref=2SA_19:38!15|MId=o100190380151|Strong=0113 26 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_19:38!15|MId=o100190380152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 27-28 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:38!16|MId=o100190380161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 appos _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:38!16|MId=o100190380162|Strong=4428 29-30 וַעֲשֵׂה־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:38!17|MId=o100190380171|Strong=2050b 30 עֲשֵׂה־ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 1 conj _ Gloss=do|Ref=2SA_19:38!17|MId=o100190380172|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:100190380151;A1:100190380211;|Type=imperative 31-32 ל֕וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 ל לְ ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2SA_19:38!18|MId=o100190380181|Strong=3807a 32 ֕וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_19:38!18|MId=o100190380182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 33 אֵ֥ת אֵת ADP _ _ 30 obj _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_19:38!19|MId=o100190380191|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 34 אֲשֶׁר־ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=[that].which|Ref=2SA_19:38!20|MId=o100190380201|Strong=0834|Type=relative|SpaceAfter=No 35 ט֖וֹב טוֹב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 33 acl:relcl _ Gloss=[is].good|Ref=2SA_19:38!21|MId=o100190380211|Strong=2895|Frame=A0:;|Type=qatal 36-38 בְּעֵינֶֽיךָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_19:38!22|MId=o100190380221|Strong=0871a 37 עֵינֶֽי עַיִן NOUN _ Number=Dual 35 obl _ Gloss=eyes|Ref=2SA_19:38!22|MId=o100190380222|Strong=5869 38 ךָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 37 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2SA_19:38!22|MId=o100190380223|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 39 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:38!22|SpaceAfter=No 40 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 38 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:38!22 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no - hedged: yes (נָא) | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָֽשָׁב־ *let him return* | jussive · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | | אָמֻת *that I may die* | yiqtol · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | | יַֽעֲבֹר *let him pass over* | jussive · qal | עַבְדּ *servant* | | | | | עֲשֵׂה־ *do* | imperative · qal | אֲדֹנ *lord* | טוֹב *\[is\] good* | | | | טוֹב *\[is\] good* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} יְתִיב כְּעַן עַבְדָךְ וְאֵמוּת בְּקַרְתִּי וְאִתְקְבַר בְּקִבְרָא דְאַבָּא וּדְאִמָא וְהָא עַבְדָךְ כִּמְהָם יֶעְבַּר עִם רִבּוֹנִי מַלְכָּא וֶעֱבֵיד לֵיהּ יַת דְתַקִין בְּעֵינָךְ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Let thy servant, I pray thee, turn back, that I may die in mine own city, by the grave of my father and my mother.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.593/) 2. [But behold thy servant Chimham; let him go over with my lord the king; and do to him what shall seem good unto thee.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.594/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:525`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 19:37](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.37/) - next →: [2 Samuel 19:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.39/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/)