--- title: 2 Samuel 19:40 — And all the people went over the Jordan, and the king went over; and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And all the people went over the Jordan, and the king went over; and the king kissed Barzillai, and blessed him; and he returned unto his own place. Who acts: people, king. 2 Samuel 19:40 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.40/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/) / 19:40 # 2 Samuel 19:40 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** people, king · **What happens:** go, go over, kiss, bless, return · **To what, where:** Jordan, Barzillai, king This is 2 Samuel 19:40 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, king — and what happens in the verse to Jordan, Barzillai, king, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּעֲבֹ֧ר כָּל־הָעָ֛ם אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ עָבָ֑ר וַיִּשַּׁ֨ק הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ לְבַרְזִלַּי֙ וַיְבָ֣רֲכֵ֔הוּ וַיָּ֖שָׁב לִמְקֹמֽוֹ׃ס [And all the people went over the Jordan, and the king went over; and the king kissed Barzillai, and blessed him; and he returned unto his own place.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.596/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:527 # text = וַיַּעֲבֹ֧ר כָּל־הָעָ֛ם אֶת־הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ עָבָ֑ר וַיִּשַּׁ֨ק הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ לְבַרְזִלַּי֙ וַיְבָ֣רֲכֵ֔הוּ וַיָּ֖שָׁב לִמְקֹמֽוֹ׃ס # verse = 2SA.19.40 1-2 וַיַּעֲבֹ֧ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:40!1|MId=o100190400011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּעֲבֹ֧ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.passed.over|Ref=2SA_19:40!1|MId=o100190400012|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100190400032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_19:40!2|MId=o100190400021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 הָעָ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:40!3|MId=o100190400031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 עָ֛ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=2SA_19:40!3|MId=o100190400032|Strong=5971 6 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_19:40!4|MId=o100190400041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:40!5|MId=o100190400051|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 יַּרְדֵּ֖ן יַרְדֵּן PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Jordan|Ref=2SA_19:40!5|MId=o100190400052|Strong=3383 9-11 וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:40!6|MId=o100190400061|Strong=2050b 10 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 11 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:40!6|MId=o100190400062|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 11 מֶּ֣לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:40!6|MId=o100190400063|Strong=4428 12 עָבָ֑ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.passed.over|Ref=2SA_19:40!7|MId=o100190400071|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100190400063;|Type=qatal 13-14 וַיִּשַּׁ֨ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:40!8|MId=o100190400081|Strong=2050b 14 יִּשַּׁ֨ק נָשַׁק VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.kissed|Ref=2SA_19:40!8|MId=o100190400082|Strong=5401|Frame=A0:100190400092;|Type=wayyiqtol 15-16 הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:40!9|MId=o100190400091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 מֶּ֤לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:40!9|MId=o100190400092|Strong=4428 17-18 לְבַרְזִלַּי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=2SA_19:40!10|MId=o100190400101|Strong=3807a 18 בַרְזִלַּי֙ בַּרְזִלַּי PROPN _ _ 14 obl _ Gloss=Barzillai|Ref=2SA_19:40!10|MId=o100190400102|Strong=1271 19-21 וַיְבָ֣רֲכֵ֔הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:40!11|MId=o100190400111|Strong=2050b 20 יְבָ֣רֲכ בָּרַךְ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_19:40!11|MId=o100190400112|Strong=1288|Frame=A0:100190400092;A1:100190400113;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 ֵ֔הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 20 obj _ Gloss=blessed.him|Ref=2SA_19:40!11|MId=o100190400113|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 22-23 וַיָּ֖שָׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:40!12|MId=o100190400121|Strong=2050b 23 יָּ֖שָׁב שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.returned|Ref=2SA_19:40!12|MId=o100190400122|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:100190400102;|Type=wayyiqtol 24-26 לִמְקֹמֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_19:40!13|MId=o100190400131|Strong=3807a 25 מְקֹמ מָקוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=his.own|Ref=2SA_19:40!13|MId=o100190400132|Strong=4725 26 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nmod:poss _ Gloss=place|Ref=2SA_19:40!13|MId=o100190400133|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 27 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:40!13|SpaceAfter=No 28 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 26 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:40!13 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעֲבֹר *it passed over* | wayyiqtol · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | עָבָר *he passed over* | qatal · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | יִּשַּׁק *he kissed* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | יְבָרֲכ *he* | wayyiqtol · piel | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | ֵהוּ *blessed him* | | | | יָּשָׁב *he returned* | wayyiqtol · qal | בַרְזִלַּי *Barzillai* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַעֲבַר כָּל עַמָא יַת יַרְדְנָא וּמַלְכָּא עֲבַר וּנְשַׁק מַלְכָּא לְבַרְזִלַי וּבָרְכֵיהּ וְתַב לְאַתְרֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And all the people went over the Jordan, and the king went over; and the king kissed Barzillai, and blessed him; and he returned unto his own place.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.596/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:527`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 19:39](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.39/) - next →: [2 Samuel 19:41](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.41/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/)