--- title: 2 Samuel 19:41 — So the king went over to Gilgal, and Chimham went over with him; and… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: So the king went over to Gilgal, and Chimham went over with him; and all the people of Judah brought the king over, and also half the people of Israel. Who acts: king, Chimham, people. 2 Samuel 19:41 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.41/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/) / 19:41 # 2 Samuel 19:41 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** king, Chimham, people · **What happens:** go over, bring over · **To what, where:** Gilgal, king This is 2 Samuel 19:41 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, Chimham, people — and what happens in the verse to Gilgal, king, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ הַגִּלְגָּ֔לָה וְכִמְהָ֖ן עָבַ֣ר עִמּ֑וֹ וְכָל־עַ֤ם יְהוּדָה֙ הֶעֱבִ֣ירוּ אֶת־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְגַ֕ם חֲצִ֖י עַ֥ם יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [So the king went over to Gilgal, and Chimham went over with him; and all the people of Judah brought the king over, and also half the people of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.597/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:528 # text = וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ הַגִּלְגָּ֔לָה וְכִמְהָ֖ן עָבַ֣ר עִמּ֑וֹ וְכָל־עַ֤ם יְהוּדָה֙ הֶעֱבִ֣ירוּ אֶת־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְגַ֕ם חֲצִ֖י עַ֥ם יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = 2SA.19.41 1-2 וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:41!1|MId=o100190410011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּעֲבֹ֤ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.passed.over|Ref=2SA_19:41!1|MId=o100190410012|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100190410022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:41!2|MId=o100190410021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:41!2|MId=o100190410022|Strong=4428 5-7 הַגִּלְגָּ֔לָה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_19:41!3|MId=o100190410031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 גִּלְגָּ֔ל גִּלְגָּל PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_19:41!3|MId=o100190410032|Strong=1537 7 ָה ה X _ _ 6 nmod _ Gloss=Gilgal|Ref=2SA_19:41!3|MId=o100190410033|Strong=1886c|Type=directional_he 8-9 וְכִמְהָ֖ן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 10 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:41!4|MId=o100190410041|Strong=2050b 9 כִמְהָ֖ן כִּמְהָן PROPN _ _ 10 nsubj _ Gloss=Kimhan|Ref=2SA_19:41!4|MId=o100190410042|Strong=3643 10 עָבַ֣ר עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.passed.over|Ref=2SA_19:41!5|MId=o100190410051|Strong=5674|Frame=A0:100190410042;|Type=qatal 11-12 עִמּ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_19:41!6|MId=o100190410061|Strong=5973 12 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_19:41!6|MId=o100190410062|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13-14 וְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:41!7|MId=o100190410071|Strong=2050b 14 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_19:41!7|MId=o100190410072|Strong=3605 15 עַ֤ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 14 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2SA_19:41!8|MId=o100190410081|Strong=5971 16 יְהוּדָה֙ יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 15 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=2SA_19:41!9|MId=o100190410091|Strong=3063 17 הֶעֱבִ֣ירוּ עָבַר VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.brought.over|Ref=2SA_19:41!11|MId=o100190410111|Strong=5674|Frame=AA:100190410081;A0:100190410132;|Type=qatal 18 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_19:41!12|MId=o100190410121|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:41!13|MId=o100190410131|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:41!13|MId=o100190410132|Strong=4428 21-22 וְגַ֕ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:41!14|MId=o100190410141|Strong=2050b 22 גַ֕ם גַּם ADV _ _ 23 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=2SA_19:41!14|MId=o100190410142|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 23 חֲצִ֖י חֲצִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 17 conj _ Gloss=(the).half|Ref=2SA_19:41!15|MId=o100190410151|Strong=2677 24 עַ֥ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.people|Ref=2SA_19:41!16|MId=o100190410161|Strong=5971 25 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 24 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2SA_19:41!17|MId=o100190410171|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 26 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 25 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:41!17 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעֲבֹר *he passed over* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | עָבַר *he passed over* | qatal · qal | כִמְהָן *Kimhan* | | | | | הֶעֱבִירוּ *they brought over* | qatal · hiphil | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | עַם *the people* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַעֲבַר מַלְכָּא לְגִלְגְלָא וְכִמְהָן עֲבַר עִימֵיהּ וְכָל עַמָא דְבֵית יְהוּדָה אַעְבָּרוּ יַת מַלְכָּא וְאַף פַּלְגוּת עַמָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [So the king went over to Gilgal, and Chimham went over with him; and all the people of Judah brought the king over, and also half the people of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.597/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:528`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 19:40](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.40/) - next →: [2 Samuel 19:42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.42/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/)