--- title: 2 Samuel 19:43 — And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the ki… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the king is near of kin to us; wherefore then are ye angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's cost? or hath any gift been given us?' Who acts: men, king, ye, we. 2 Samuel 19:43 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.43/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/) / 19:43 # 2 Samuel 19:43 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** men, king, ye, we · **What happens:** answer, be, eat, give, cost · **To what, where:** men, us, all, gift This is 2 Samuel 19:43 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, king, ye, we — and what happens in the verse to men, us, all, gift, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּעַן֩ כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה עַל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּֽי־קָר֤וֹב הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֵלַ֔י וְלָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ חָרָ֣ה לְךָ֔ עַל־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה הֶאָכ֤וֹל אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙ מִן־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אִם־נִשֵּׂ֥את נִשָּׂ֖א לָֽנוּ׃ס [And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the king is near of kin to us; wherefore then are ye angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's cost? or hath any gift been given us?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.599/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:530 # text = וַיַּעַן֩ כָּל־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה עַל־אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּֽי־קָר֤וֹב הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ אֵלַ֔י וְלָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ חָרָ֣ה לְךָ֔ עַל־הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה הֶאָכ֤וֹל אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙ מִן־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אִם־נִשֵּׂ֥את נִשָּׂ֖א לָֽנוּ׃ס # verse = 2SA.19.43 1-2 וַיַּעַן֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:43!1|MId=o100190430011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּעַן֩ עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.answered|Ref=2SA_19:43!1|MId=o100190430012|Strong=6030|Frame=A0:100190430031;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 כָּל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=every|Ref=2SA_19:43!2|MId=o100190430021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 4 אִ֨ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=(the).man|Ref=2SA_19:43!3|MId=o100190430031|Strong=0376 5 יְהוּדָ֜ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=2SA_19:43!4|MId=o100190430041|Strong=3063 6 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_19:43!5|MId=o100190430051|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 7 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.man|Ref=2SA_19:43!6|MId=o100190430061|Strong=0376 8 יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2SA_19:43!7|MId=o100190430071|Strong=3478 9 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 10 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2SA_19:43!8|MId=o100190430081|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 10 קָר֤וֹב קָרֹוב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 advcl _ Gloss=[is].close|Ref=2SA_19:43!9|MId=o100190430091|Strong=7138|Type=adjective 11-12 הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:43!10|MId=o100190430101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 10 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:43!10|MId=o100190430102|Strong=4428 13-14 אֵלַ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 אֵל אֶל ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_19:43!11|MId=o100190430111|Strong=0413 14 ַ֔י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 10 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=2SA_19:43!11|MId=o100190430112|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 15-17 וְלָ֤מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 17 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:43!12|MId=o100190430121|Strong=2050b 16 לָ֤ לָמָה ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_19:43!12|MId=o100190430122|Strong=3807a 17 מָּה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 2 conj _ Gloss=why?|Ref=2SA_19:43!12|MId=o100190430123|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 18 זֶּה֙ זֶה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 17 nsubj _ Gloss=this|Ref=2SA_19:43!13|MId=o100190430131|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 19 חָרָ֣ה חָרָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 18 acl _ Gloss=has.it.burned|Ref=2SA_19:43!14|MId=o100190430141|Strong=2734|Frame=A0:;|Type=qatal 20-21 לְךָ֔ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 ל לְ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_19:43!15|MId=o100190430151|Strong=3807a 21 ְךָ֔ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 19 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2SA_19:43!15|MId=o100190430152|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 22 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_19:43!16|MId=o100190430161|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 23-24 הַדָּבָ֖ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:43!17|MId=o100190430171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 דָּבָ֖ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 19 obl _ Gloss=matter|Ref=2SA_19:43!17|MId=o100190430172|Strong=1697 25-26 הַזֶּ֑ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_19:43!18|MId=o100190430181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 זֶּ֑ה זֶה DET _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 24 det _ Gloss=this|Ref=2SA_19:43!18|MId=o100190430182|Strong=2088|Type=demonstrative 27-28 הֶאָכ֤וֹל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 הֶ הַ PART _ _ 29 advmod _ Gloss=ever|Ref=2SA_19:43!19|MId=o100190430191|Strong=1886b|Type=interrogative 28 אָכ֤וֹל אָכַל VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 29 obl:npmod _ Gloss=(eat)?|Ref=2SA_19:43!19|MId=o100190430192|Strong=0398|Type=infinitive_absolute 29 אָכַ֙לְנוּ֙ אָכַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 2 parataxis _ Gloss=have.we.eaten|Ref=2SA_19:43!20|MId=o100190430201|Strong=0398|Frame=A0:100190430031;|Type=qatal 30 מִן־ מִן ADP _ _ 32 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_19:43!21|MId=o100190430211|Strong=4480|SpaceAfter=No 31-32 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:43!22|MId=o100190430221|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:43!22|MId=o100190430222|Strong=4428 33 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 35 mark _ Gloss=or?|Ref=2SA_19:43!23|MId=o100190430231|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 34 נִשֵּׂ֥את נשׂא VERB _ HebBinyan=NIPHAL 35 obl:npmod _ Gloss=ever.(be.taken.away)|Ref=2SA_19:43!24|MId=o100190430241|Strong=5375|Type=infinitive_absolute 35 נִשָּׂ֖א נָשָׂא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 29 parataxis _ Gloss=has.it.been.taken.away|Ref=2SA_19:43!25|MId=o100190430251|Strong=5375|Type=qatal 36-37 לָֽנוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 ל לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=by|Ref=2SA_19:43!26|MId=o100190430261|Strong=3807a 37 ָֽנוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 35 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=2SA_19:43!26|MId=o100190430262|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 38 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:43!26|SpaceAfter=No 39 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 37 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:43!26 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: inside a quote begun earlier - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַן *he answered* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִישׁ *(the) man* | | | | | חָרָה *has it burned* | qatal · qal | | | | | | אָכַלְנוּ *have we eaten* | qatal · qal | אִישׁ *(the) man* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתֵיב כָּל אֱנַשׁ יְהוּדָה עַל אֱנַשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל אֲרֵי קָרִיב לִי מַלְכָּא מִדִילָךְ וּלְמָה דְנַן תְּקוֹף לָךְ עַל פִתְגָמָא הָדֵין הֲמֵיכַל אֲכִילְנָא מִנִכְסֵי מַלְכָּא אִם מַתְּנָא מַנֵי לָנָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel: 'Because the king is near of kin to us; wherefore then are ye angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's cost? or hath any gift been given us?'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.599/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:530`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 19:42](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.42/) - next →: [2 Samuel 19:44](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.44/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/)