--- title: 2 Samuel 19:44 — And the men of Israel answered the men of Judah, and said: 'We have… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the men of Israel answered the men of Judah, and said: 'We have ten parts in the king, and we have also more right in David than ye; why then did ye despise us, that our advice should not be first had in bringing back our king?' And the words of the men of Judah were fiercer than the words of th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.44/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/) / 19:44 # 2 Samuel 19:44 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** men, We, ye, words · **What happens:** answer, say, have, despise, not have, bring back · **To what, where:** men, ten parts, right, David, us, advice · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 19:44 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — men, We, ye, words — and what happens in the verse to men, ten parts, right, David, us, advice, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיַּ֣עַן אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֩ אֶת־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עֶֽשֶׂר־יָד֨וֹת לִ֣י בַמֶּלֶךְ֮ וְגַם־בְּדָוִד֮ אֲנִ֣י מִמְּךָ֒ וּמַדּ֙וּעַ֙ הֱקִלֹּתַ֔נִי וְלֹא־הָיָ֨ה דְבָרִ֥י רִאשׁ֛וֹן לִ֖י לְהָשִׁ֣יב אֶת־מַלְכִּ֑י וַיִּ֙קֶשׁ֙ דְּבַר־אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה מִדְּבַ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ס [And the men of Israel answered the men of Judah, and said: 'We have ten parts in the king, and we have also more right in David than ye; why then did ye despise us, that our advice should not be first had in bringing back our king?' And the words of the men of Judah were fiercer than the words of the men of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.600/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:531 # text = וַיַּ֣עַן אִֽישׁ־יִשְׂרָאֵל֩ אֶת־אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עֶֽשֶׂר־יָד֨וֹת לִ֣י בַמֶּלֶךְ֮ וְגַם־בְּדָוִד֮ אֲנִ֣י מִמְּךָ֒ וּמַדּ֙וּעַ֙ הֱקִלֹּתַ֔נִי וְלֹא־הָיָ֨ה דְבָרִ֥י רִאשׁ֛וֹן לִ֖י לְהָשִׁ֣יב אֶת־מַלְכִּ֑י וַיִּ֙קֶשׁ֙ דְּבַר־אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה מִדְּבַ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ס # verse = 2SA.19.44 1-2 וַיַּ֣עַן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:44!1|MId=o100190440011|Strong=2050b 2 יַּ֣עַן עָנָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.answered|Ref=2SA_19:44!1|MId=o100190440012|Strong=6030|Frame=A0:100190440021;A1:100190440051;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אִֽישׁ־ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=the.man|Ref=2SA_19:44!2|MId=o100190440021|Strong=0376|SpaceAfter=No 4 יִשְׂרָאֵל֩ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2SA_19:44!3|MId=o100190440031|Strong=3478 5 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_19:44!4|MId=o100190440041|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 6 אִ֨ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obj _ Gloss=the.man|Ref=2SA_19:44!5|MId=o100190440051|Strong=0376 7 יְהוּדָ֜ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 6 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=2SA_19:44!6|MId=o100190440061|Strong=3063 8-9 וַיֹּ֗אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:44!7|MId=o100190440071|Strong=2050b 9 יֹּ֗אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_19:44!7|MId=o100190440072|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100190440021;|Type=wayyiqtol 10 עֶֽשֶׂר־ עֶשֶׂר NUM _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 nummod _ Gloss=ten|Ref=2SA_19:44!8|MId=o100190440081|Strong=6235|Type=cardinal_number|SpaceAfter=No 11 יָד֨וֹת יָד NOUN _ Number=Plur 13 nsubj _ Gloss=hands|Ref=2SA_19:44!9|MId=o100190440091|Strong=3027 12-13 לִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 ל לְ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=[belong].to|Ref=2SA_19:44!10|MId=o100190440101|Strong=3807a 13 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 ccomp _ Gloss=me|Ref=2SA_19:44!10|MId=o100190440102|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 14-16 בַמֶּלֶךְ֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 בַ בְּ ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_19:44!11|MId=o100190440111|Strong=0871a 15 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 16 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:44!11|MId=o100190440111ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 16 מֶּלֶךְ֮ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:44!11|MId=o100190440112|Strong=4428 17-18 וְגַם־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:44!12|MId=o100190440121|Strong=2050b 18 גַם־ גַּם ADV _ _ 20 advmod _ Gloss=also|Ref=2SA_19:44!12|MId=o100190440122|Strong=1571|Type=affirmation 19-20 בְּדָוִד֮ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_19:44!13|MId=o100190440131|Strong=0871a 20 דָוִד֮ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 13 conj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_19:44!13|MId=o100190440132|Strong=1732 21 אֲנִ֣י אֲנִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 20 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2SA_19:44!14|MId=o100190440141|Strong=0589|Type=personal 22-23 מִמְּךָ֒ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מִמּ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=more|Ref=2SA_19:44!15|MId=o100190440151|Strong=4480 23 ְךָ֒ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 20 obl _ Gloss=than.you|Ref=2SA_19:44!15|MId=o100190440152|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 24-25 וּמַדּ֙וּעַ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:44!16|MId=o100190440161|Strong=2050b 25 מַדּ֙וּעַ֙ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 26 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=2SA_19:44!16|MId=o100190440162|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 26-27 הֱקִלֹּתַ֔נִי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 הֱקִלֹּתַ֔ קָלַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 13 conj _ Gloss=did|Ref=2SA_19:44!17|MId=o100190440171|Strong=7043|Frame=AA:100190440051;A0:100190440172;|Type=qatal 27 נִי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=you.treat.me.with.contempt|Ref=2SA_19:44!17|MId=o100190440172|Strong=5204a|Type=pronominal 28-29 וְלֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:44!18|MId=o100190440181|Strong=2050b 29 לֹא־ לֹא ADV _ _ 33 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_19:44!18|MId=o100190440182|Strong=3808|Type=negative 30 הָיָ֨ה הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 33 cop _ Gloss=was.it?|Ref=2SA_19:44!19|MId=o100190440191|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:100190440201;|Type=qatal 31-32 דְבָרִ֥י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 דְבָר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 33 nsubj _ Gloss=word|Ref=2SA_19:44!20|MId=o100190440201|Strong=1697 32 ִ֥י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 31 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_19:44!20|MId=o100190440202|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 33 רִאשׁ֛וֹן רִאשׁוֹן ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 13 conj _ Gloss=first|Ref=2SA_19:44!21|MId=o100190440211|Strong=7223|Type=adjective 34-35 לִ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 ל לְ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_19:44!22|MId=o100190440221|Strong=3807a 35 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 33 obl _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_19:44!22|MId=o100190440222|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 36-37 לְהָשִׁ֣יב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 36 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 37 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_19:44!23|MId=o100190440231|Strong=3807a 37 הָשִׁ֣יב שׁוּב VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 33 advcl _ Gloss=bring.back|Ref=2SA_19:44!23|MId=o100190440232|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:100190440021;A0:100190440251;|Type=infinitive_construct 38 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_19:44!24|MId=o100190440241|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 39-40 מַלְכִּ֑י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 מַלְכּ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 37 obj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:44!25|MId=o100190440251|Strong=4428 40 ִ֑י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_19:44!25|MId=o100190440252|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 41-42 וַיִּ֙קֶשׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 42 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:44!26|MId=o100190440261|Strong=2050b 42 יִּ֙קֶשׁ֙ קָשָׁה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.was.hard|Ref=2SA_19:44!26|MId=o100190440262|Strong=7185|Frame=A0:100190440271;|Type=wayyiqtol 43 דְּבַר־ דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 42 nsubj _ Gloss=the.word|Ref=2SA_19:44!27|MId=o100190440271|Strong=1697|SpaceAfter=No 44 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 43 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.man|Ref=2SA_19:44!28|MId=o100190440281|Strong=0376 45 יְהוּדָ֔ה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 44 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Judah|Ref=2SA_19:44!29|MId=o100190440291|Strong=3063 46-47 מִדְּבַ֖ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 47 case _ Gloss=more|Ref=2SA_19:44!30|MId=o100190440301|Strong=4480 47 דְּבַ֖ר דָּבָר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 42 obl _ Gloss=than.the.word|Ref=2SA_19:44!30|MId=o100190440302|Strong=1697 48 אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 47 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.man|Ref=2SA_19:44!31|MId=o100190440311|Strong=0376 49 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 48 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2SA_19:44!32|MId=o100190440321|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 50 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:44!32|SpaceAfter=No 51 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 49 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:44!32 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יַּעַן *he answered* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִֽישׁ־ *the man* | אִישׁ *the man* | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אִֽישׁ־ *the man* | | | | | הֱקִלֹּתַ *did* | qatal · hiphil | נִי *you treat me with contempt* | | | אִישׁ *the man* | | הָיָה *was it?* | qatal · qal | דְבָר *word* | | | | | הָשִׁיב *bring back* | infinitive construct · hiphil | מַלְכּ *king* | | | אִֽישׁ־ *the man* | | יִּקֶשׁ *it was hard* | wayyiqtol · qal | דְּבַר־ *the word* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתֵיב אֱנַשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל יַת אֱנַשׁ יְהוּדָה וַאֲמַר עַסְרָא חוּלָקִין אִית לִי בְּמַלְכָּא וְאַף בְּדָוִד אֲנָא רָעֵינָא מִנָךְ וּמָא דֵין אַשְׁטְתַנִי וְלָא הֲוָה פִתְגָמִי קַדְמוּתָא לִי לַאֲתָבָא יַת מַלְכִּי וּתְקֵיף פִּתְגַם אֱנַשׁ יְהוּדָה מִפִּתְגַם אֱנַשׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the men of Israel answered the men of Judah, and said: 'We have ten parts in the king, and we have also more right in David than ye; why then did ye despise us, that our advice should not be first had in bringing back our king?' And the words of the men of Judah were fiercer than the words of the men of Israel.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.600/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:531`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 19:43](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.43/) - next →: [2 Samuel 20:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.20.1/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/)