--- title: 2 Samuel 19:9 — Then the king arose, and sat in the gate. And they told unto all the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: Then the king arose, and sat in the gate. And they told unto all the people, saying: 'Behold, the king doth sit in the gate'; and all the people came before the king. Now Israel had fled every man to his tent. Who acts: king, princes, people, Israel. 2 Samuel 19:9 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/) / 19:9 # 2 Samuel 19:9 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** king, princes, people, Israel · **What happens:** arise, sit, tell, say, come, flee · **To what, where:** gate, man, tent · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 19:9 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, princes, people, Israel — and what happens in the verse to gate, man, tent, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּ֥קָם הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב בַּשָּׁ֑עַר וּֽלְכָל־הָעָ֞ם הִגִּ֣ידוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר הִנֵּ֤ה הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּשַּׁ֔עַר וַיָּבֹ֤א כָל־הָעָם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל נָ֖ס אִ֥ישׁ לְאֹהָלָֽיו׃ס [Then the king arose, and sat in the gate.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.555/) [And they told unto all the people, saying: 'Behold, the king doth sit in the gate'; and all the people came before the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.556/) [Now Israel had fled every man to his tent.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.557/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:496 # text = וַיָּ֥קָם הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב בַּשָּׁ֑עַר וּֽלְכָל־הָעָ֞ם הִגִּ֣ידוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר הִנֵּ֤ה הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּשַּׁ֔עַר וַיָּבֹ֤א כָל־הָעָם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל נָ֖ס אִ֥ישׁ לְאֹהָלָֽיו׃ס # verse = 2SA.19.9 1-2 וַיָּ֥קָם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:9!1|MId=o100190090011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּ֥קָם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=2SA_19:9!1|MId=o100190090012|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:100190090022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:9!2|MId=o100190090021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:9!2|MId=o100190090022|Strong=4428 5-6 וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:9!3|MId=o100190090031|Strong=2050b 6 יֵּ֣שֶׁב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.sat|Ref=2SA_19:9!3|MId=o100190090032|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:100190090022;|Type=wayyiqtol 7-9 בַּשָּׁ֑עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_19:9!4|MId=o100190090041|Strong=0871a 8 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:9!4|MId=o100190090041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 שָּׁ֑עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 obl _ Gloss=gate|Ref=2SA_19:9!4|MId=o100190090042|Strong=8179 10-12 וּֽלְכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וּֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:9!5|MId=o100190090051|Strong=2050b 11 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_19:9!5|MId=o100190090052|Strong=3807a 12 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_19:9!5|MId=o100190090053|Strong=3605 13-14 הָעָ֞ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:9!6|MId=o100190090061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 עָ֞ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=2SA_19:9!6|MId=o100190090062|Strong=5971 15 הִגִּ֣ידוּ נָגַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=people.told|Ref=2SA_19:9!7|MId=o100190090071|Strong=5046|Frame=A0:;|Type=qatal 16-17 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 21 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=2SA_19:9!8|MId=o100190090081|Strong=3807a 17 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 16 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_19:9!8|MId=o100190090082|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:;|Type=infinitive_construct 18 הִנֵּ֤ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 21 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=2SA_19:9!9|MId=o100190090091|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 19-20 הַמֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:9!10|MId=o100190090101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 מֶּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:9!10|MId=o100190090102|Strong=4428 21 יוֹשֵׁ֣ב יָשַׁב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing 15 advcl _ Gloss=[is].sitting|Ref=2SA_19:9!11|MId=o100190090111|Strong=3427|Frame=A0:100190090102;|Type=participle_active 22-24 בַּשַּׁ֔עַר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_19:9!12|MId=o100190090121|Strong=0871a 23 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:9!12|MId=o100190090121ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 שַּׁ֔עַר שַׁעַר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 obl _ Gloss=gate|Ref=2SA_19:9!12|MId=o100190090122|Strong=8179 25-26 וַיָּבֹ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:9!13|MId=o100190090131|Strong=2050b 26 יָּבֹ֤א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.came|Ref=2SA_19:9!13|MId=o100190090132|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100190090152;|Type=wayyiqtol 27 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_19:9!14|MId=o100190090141|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 28-29 הָעָם֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 29 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:9!15|MId=o100190090151|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 29 עָם֙ עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=2SA_19:9!15|MId=o100190090152|Strong=5971 30-31 לִפְנֵ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=2SA_19:9!16|MId=o100190090161|Strong=3807a 31 פְנֵ֣י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 26 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_19:9!16|MId=o100190090162|Strong=6440 32-33 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_19:9!17|MId=o100190090171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_19:9!17|MId=o100190090172|Strong=4428 34-35 וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 36 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_19:9!18|MId=o100190090181|Strong=2050b 35 יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 36 nsubj _ Gloss=Israel|Ref=2SA_19:9!18|MId=o100190090182|Strong=3478 36 נָ֖ס נוּס VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.had.fled|Ref=2SA_19:9!19|MId=o100190090191|Strong=5127|Frame=A0:100190090182;|Type=qatal 37 אִ֥ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 obl _ Gloss=each|Ref=2SA_19:9!20|MId=o100190090201|Strong=0376 38-40 לְאֹהָלָֽיו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_19:9!21|MId=o100190090211|Strong=3807a 39 אֹהָלָֽי אֹהֶל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 36 obl _ Gloss=tents|Ref=2SA_19:9!21|MId=o100190090212|Strong=0168 40 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_19:9!21|MId=o100190090213|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 41 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:9!21|SpaceAfter=No 42 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 40 punct _ Ref=2SA_19:9!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּקָם *he arose* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | יֵּשֶׁב *he sat* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | הִגִּידוּ *people told* | qatal · hiphil | | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | | | | | | יוֹשֵׁב *\[is\] sitting* | participle active · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | יָּבֹא *it came* | wayyiqtol · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | נָס *it had fled* | qatal · qal | יִשְׂרָאֵל *Israel* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְקָם מַלְכָּא וִיתֵיב בְּתַרְעָא וּלְכָל עַמָא חַוִיאוּ לְמֵימַר הָא מַלְכָּא יָתֵיב בְּתַרְעָא וַאֲתָא כָל עַמָא לָקֳדָם מַלְכָּא וְיִשְׂרָאֵל אַפִּיךְ גְבַר לְקִרְווֹהִי: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [Then the king arose, and sat in the gate.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.555/) 2. [And they told unto all the people, saying: 'Behold, the king doth sit in the gate'; and all the people came before the king.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.556/) 3. [Now Israel had fled every man to his tent.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.557/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:496`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 19:8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.8/) - next →: [2 Samuel 19:10](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.19.10/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/19/)