--- title: 2 Samuel 2:24 — But Joab and Abishai pursued after Abner; and the sun went down when… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But Joab and Abishai pursued after Abner; and the sun went down when they were come to the hill of Ammah, that lieth before Giah by the way of the wilderness of Gibeon. Who acts: Joab, sun, hill. 2 Samuel 2:24 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.24/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/2/) / 2:24 # 2 Samuel 2:24 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Joab, sun, hill · **What happens:** pursue, go down, come, lie · **To what, where:** Joab, Giah This is 2 Samuel 2:24 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joab, sun, hill — and what happens in the verse to Joab, Giah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֛וּ יוֹאָ֥ב וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר וְהַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ בָּ֔אָה וְהֵ֗מָּה בָּ֚אוּ עַד־גִּבְעַ֣ת אַמָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־פְּנֵי־גִ֔יחַ דֶּ֖רֶךְ מִדְבַּ֥ר גִּבְעֽוֹן׃ [But Joab and Abishai pursued after Abner; and the sun went down when they were come to the hill of Ammah, that lieth before Giah by the way of the wilderness of Gibeon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.58/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:50 # text = וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֛וּ יוֹאָ֥ב וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר וְהַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ בָּ֔אָה וְהֵ֗מָּה בָּ֚אוּ עַד־גִּבְעַ֣ת אַמָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל־פְּנֵי־גִ֔יחַ דֶּ֖רֶךְ מִדְבַּ֥ר גִּבְעֽוֹן׃ # verse = 2SA.2.24 1-2 וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֛וּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַֽ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_2:24!1|MId=o100020240011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּרְדְּפ֛וּ רָדַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.pursued|Ref=2SA_2:24!1|MId=o100020240012|Strong=7291|Frame=A0:100020240021;100020240032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יוֹאָ֥ב יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=2SA_2:24!2|MId=o100020240021|Strong=3097 4-5 וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 5 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_2:24!3|MId=o100020240031|Strong=2050b 5 אֲבִישַׁ֖י אֲבִישַׁי PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Abishai|Ref=2SA_2:24!3|MId=o100020240032|Strong=0052 6 אַחֲרֵ֣י אַחַר ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=2SA_2:24!4|MId=o100020240041|Strong=0310 7 אַבְנֵ֑ר אַבְנֵר PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Abner|Ref=2SA_2:24!5|MId=o100020240051|Strong=0074 8-10 וְהַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_2:24!6|MId=o100020240061|Strong=2050b 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_2:24!6|MId=o100020240062|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 שֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=sun|Ref=2SA_2:24!6|MId=o100020240063|Strong=8121 11 בָּ֔אָה בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=it.set|Ref=2SA_2:24!7|MId=o100020240071|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100020240063;|Type=qatal 12-13 וְהֵ֗מָּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_2:24!8|MId=o100020240081|Strong=2050b 13 הֵ֗מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 14 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=2SA_2:24!8|MId=o100020240082|Strong=1992|Type=personal 14 בָּ֚אוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.came|Ref=2SA_2:24!9|MId=o100020240091|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100020240082;|Type=qatal 15 עַד־ עַד ADP _ _ 16 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_2:24!10|MId=o100020240101|Strong=5704|SpaceAfter=No 16 גִּבְעַ֣ת גִּבְעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 14 obl _ Gloss=the.hill|Ref=2SA_2:24!11|MId=o100020240111|Strong=1389 17 אַמָּ֔ה אַמָּה PROPN _ _ 16 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Ammah|Ref=2SA_2:24!12|MId=o100020240121|Strong=0522 18 אֲשֶׁר֙ אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 20 mark _ Gloss=which|Ref=2SA_2:24!13|MId=o100020240131|Strong=0834|Type=relative 19 עַל־ עַל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=[is].on|Ref=2SA_2:24!14|MId=o100020240141|Strong=5921|SpaceAfter=No 20 פְּנֵי־ פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 16 acl:relcl _ Gloss=the.face|Ref=2SA_2:24!15|MId=o100020240151|Strong=6440|SpaceAfter=No 21 גִ֔יחַ גִּיחַ PROPN _ _ 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Giah|Ref=2SA_2:24!16|MId=o100020240161|Strong=1520 22 דֶּ֖רֶךְ דֶּרֶךְ NOUN _ Number=Sing 20 obl _ Gloss=the.way|Ref=2SA_2:24!17|MId=o100020240171|Strong=1870 23 מִדְבַּ֥ר מִדְבָּר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.the.wilderness|Ref=2SA_2:24!18|MId=o100020240181|Strong=4057 24 גִּבְעֽוֹן גִּבְעוֹן PROPN _ _ 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Gibeon|Ref=2SA_2:24!19|MId=o100020240191|Strong=1391|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=2SA_2:24!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּרְדְּפוּ *they pursued* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* + אֲבִישַׁי *Abishai* | | | | | בָּאָה *it set* | qatal · qal | שֶּׁמֶשׁ *sun* | | | | | בָּאוּ *they came* | qatal · qal | הֵמָּה *they* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּרְדָפוּ יוֹאָב וַאֲבִישַׁי בָּתַר אַבְנֵר וְשִׁמְשָׁא עָלַת וְאִינוּן מְטוֹ עַד גִבְעַת אַמְתָא דִי עַל אַפֵּי גִיחַ אוֹרַח מַדְבְּרָא דְגִבְעוֹן: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But Joab and Abishai pursued after Abner; and the sun went down when they were come to the hill of Ammah, that lieth before Giah by the way of the wilderness of Gibeon.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.58/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:50`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 2:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.23/) - next →: [2 Samuel 2:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.2.25/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/2/)