--- title: 2 Samuel 21:19 — And there was again war with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And there was again war with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim the Beth-lehemite slew Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam. Who acts: war, Elhanan, Gittite. 2 Samuel 21:19 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and th --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/21/) / 21:19 # 2 Samuel 21:19 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** war, Elhanan, Gittite · **What happens:** be, slay · **To what, where:** Goliath This is 2 Samuel 21:19 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — war, Elhanan, Gittite — and what happens in the verse to Goliath, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַתְּהִי־ע֧וֹד הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה בְּג֖וֹב עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֡ךְ אֶלְחָנָן֩ בֶּן־יַעְרֵ֨י אֹרְגִ֜יםיַעְרֵ֨י אֹרְגִ֜ים בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִ֗י בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִ֗י אֵ֚ת גָּלְיָ֣ת הַגִּתִּ֔י וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִית֔וֹ כִּמְנ֖וֹר אֹרְגִֽים׃ס [And there was again war with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim the Beth-lehemite slew Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.655/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:576 # text = וַתְּהִי־ע֧וֹד הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה בְּג֖וֹב עִם־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֡ךְ אֶלְחָנָן֩ בֶּן־יַעְרֵ֨י אֹרְגִ֜יםיַעְרֵ֨י אֹרְגִ֜ים בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִ֗י בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִ֗י אֵ֚ת גָּלְיָ֣ת הַגִּתִּ֔י וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִית֔וֹ כִּמְנ֖וֹר אֹרְגִֽים׃ס # verse = 2SA.21.19 1-2 וַתְּהִי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:19!1|MId=o100210190011|Strong=2050b 2 תְּהִי־ הָיָה VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.was|Ref=2SA_21:19!1|MId=o100210190012|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:100210190032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 ע֧וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 2 advmod _ Gloss=again|Ref=2SA_21:19!2|MId=o100210190021|Strong=5750 4-5 הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_21:19!3|MId=o100210190031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 מִּלְחָמָ֛ה מִלְחָמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=battle|Ref=2SA_21:19!3|MId=o100210190032|Strong=4421 6-7 בְּג֖וֹב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=at|Ref=2SA_21:19!4|MId=o100210190041|Strong=0871a 7 ג֖וֹב גֹּוב PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Gob|Ref=2SA_21:19!4|MId=o100210190042|Strong=1359 8 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_21:19!5|MId=o100210190051|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 9 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=[the].Philistines|Ref=2SA_21:19!6|MId=o100210190061|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 10-11 וַיַּ֡ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:19!7|MId=o100210190071|Strong=2050b 11 יַּ֡ךְ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.struck.down|Ref=2SA_21:19!7|MId=o100210190072|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:100210190081;A0:100210190131;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 אֶלְחָנָן֩ אֶלְחָנָן PROPN _ _ 11 nsubj _ Gloss=Elhanan|Ref=2SA_21:19!8|MId=o100210190081|Strong=0445 13 בֶּן־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 appos _ Gloss=the.son|Ref=2SA_21:19!9|MId=o100210190091|Strong=1121|SpaceAfter=No 14 יַעְרֵ֨י יַעֲרֵי PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_21:19!10|MId=o100210190101 15-16 אֹרְגִ֜יםיַעְרֵ֨י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 אֹרְגִ֜ים _ PROPN _ _ 14 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_21:19!10 16 יַעְרֵ֨י ארג PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=Jaare-Oregim|Ref=2SA_21:19!11|MId=o100210190111 17 אֹרְגִ֜ים _ PROPN _ _ 16 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_21:19!11 18 בֵּ֣ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 appos _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_21:19!12|MId=o100210190121|Type=gentilic 19 הַלַּחְמִ֗י _ NOUN _ _ 18 flat _ Ref=2SA_21:19!12 20 בֵּ֣ית הַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 appos _ Gloss=Bethlehemite|Ref=2SA_21:19!13|MId=o100210190131|Type=gentilic 21 הַלַּחְמִ֗י _ NOUN _ _ 20 flat _ Ref=2SA_21:19!13 22 אֵ֚ת אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_21:19!14|MId=o100210190141|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 23 גָּלְיָ֣ת גׇּלְיַת PROPN _ _ 11 obj _ Gloss=Goliath|Ref=2SA_21:19!15|MId=o100210190151|Strong=1555 24-25 הַגִּתִּ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_21:19!16|MId=o100210190161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 גִּתִּ֔י גִּתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 appos _ Gloss=Gittite|Ref=2SA_21:19!16|MId=o100210190162|Strong=1663|Type=gentilic 26-27 וְעֵ֣ץ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 31 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:19!17|MId=o100210190171|Strong=2050b 27 עֵ֣ץ עֵץ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 31 nsubj _ Gloss=the.wood|Ref=2SA_21:19!17|MId=o100210190172|Strong=6086 28-29 חֲנִית֔וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 חֲנִית חֲנִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=his.spear|Ref=2SA_21:19!18|MId=o100210190181|Strong=2595 29 ֔וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_21:19!18|MId=o100210190182|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 30-31 כִּמְנ֖וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 כִּ כְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=[was].like|Ref=2SA_21:19!19|MId=o100210190191|Strong=3509a 31 מְנ֖וֹר מָנוֹר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=a.beam|Ref=2SA_21:19!19|MId=o100210190192|Strong=4500 32 אֹרְגִֽים אָרַג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur 31 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.weavers|Ref=2SA_21:19!20|MId=o100210190201|Strong=0707|Type=participle_active|SpaceAfter=No 33 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=2SA_21:19!20|SpaceAfter=No 34 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 32 punct _ Ref=2SA_21:19!20 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | תְּהִי־ *it was* | wayyiqtol · qal | מִּלְחָמָה *battle* | | | | | יַּךְ *he struck down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | בֵּית *Bethlehemite* | | | אֶלְחָנָן *Elhanan* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַהֲוַת עוֹד קְרָבָא בְּגוֹב עִם פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי וּקְטַל דָוִד בַּר יִשַׁי מְחֵי פָּרוֹכֶת בֵּית מַקְדְשָׁא דְמִבֵּית לֶחֶם יַת גָלְיַת גִתָּאָה וְאָעָא דְמוּרְנִיתֵיהּ כְאַכְסַן דְגַרְדָאִין: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And there was again war with the Philistines at Gob; and Elhanan the son of Jaare-oregim the Beth-lehemite slew Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear was like a weaver's beam.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.655/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:576`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 21:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.18/) - next →: [2 Samuel 21:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.20/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/21/)