--- title: 2 Samuel 21:2 — And the king called the Gibeonites, and said unto them — now the Gib… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And the king called the Gibeonites, and said unto them — now the Gibeonites were not of the children of Israel, but of the remnant of the Amorites; and the children of Israel had sworn unto them; and Saul sought to slay them in his zeal for the children of Israel and Judah — Who acts: king, Gibeonit --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.2/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/21/) / 21:2 # 2 Samuel 21:2 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** king, Gibeonites, children, Saul · **What happens:** call, say, not be, swear, seek, slay · **To what, where:** Gibeonites, zeal · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 21:2 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — king, Gibeonites, children, Saul — and what happens in the verse to Gibeonites, zeal, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּקְרָ֥א הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ לַגִּבְעֹנִ֖ים וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְהַגִּבְעֹנִ֞ים לֹ֣א מִבְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל הֵ֗מָּה כִּ֚י אִם־מִיֶּ֣תֶר הָאֱמֹרִ֔י וּבְנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נִשְׁבְּע֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם וַיְבַקֵּ֤שׁ שָׁאוּל֙ לְהַכֹּתָ֔ם בְּקַנֹּאת֥וֹ לִבְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וִיהוּדָֽה׃ [And the king called the Gibeonites, and said unto them — now the Gibeonites were not of the children of Israel, but of the remnant of the Amorites; and the children of Israel had sworn unto them; and Saul sought to slay them in his zeal for the children of Israel and Judah —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.636/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:559 # text = וַיִּקְרָ֥א הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ לַגִּבְעֹנִ֖ים וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְהַגִּבְעֹנִ֞ים לֹ֣א מִבְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל הֵ֗מָּה כִּ֚י אִם־מִיֶּ֣תֶר הָאֱמֹרִ֔י וּבְנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נִשְׁבְּע֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם וַיְבַקֵּ֤שׁ שָׁאוּל֙ לְהַכֹּתָ֔ם בְּקַנֹּאת֥וֹ לִבְנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וִיהוּדָֽה׃ # verse = 2SA.21.2 1-2 וַיִּקְרָ֥א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:2!1|MId=o100210020011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּקְרָ֥א קָרָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.summoned|Ref=2SA_21:2!1|MId=o100210020012|Strong=7121|Frame=A0:100210020022;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 4 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_21:2!2|MId=o100210020021|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 4 מֶּ֛לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_21:2!2|MId=o100210020022|Strong=4428 5-7 לַגִּבְעֹנִ֖ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 לַ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=(to)|Ref=2SA_21:2!3|MId=o100210020031|Strong=3807a 6 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_21:2!3|MId=o100210020031ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 גִּבְעֹנִ֖ים גִּבְעֹונִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 2 obl _ Gloss=Gibeonites|Ref=2SA_21:2!3|MId=o100210020032|Strong=1393|Type=gentilic 8-9 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 9 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:2!4|MId=o100210020041|Strong=2050b 9 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_21:2!4|MId=o100210020042|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100210020022;|Type=wayyiqtol 10-11 אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 אֲלֵי אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_21:2!5|MId=o100210020051|Strong=0413 11 הֶ֑ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 9 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=2SA_21:2!5|MId=o100210020052|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 12-14 וְהַגִּבְעֹנִ֞ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:2!6|MId=o100210020061|Strong=2050b 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_21:2!6|MId=o100210020062|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 גִּבְעֹנִ֞ים גִּבְעֹונִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 dislocated _ Gloss=Gibeonites|Ref=2SA_21:2!6|MId=o100210020063|Strong=1393|Type=gentilic 15 לֹ֣א לֹא ADV _ _ 17 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_21:2!7|MId=o100210020071|Strong=3808|Type=negative 16-17 מִבְּנֵ֧י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=[were].from|Ref=2SA_21:2!8|MId=o100210020081|Strong=4480 17 בְּנֵ֧י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 23 parataxis _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2SA_21:2!8|MId=o100210020082|Strong=1121 18 יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 17 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2SA_21:2!9|MId=o100210020091|Strong=3478 19 הֵ֗מָּה הֵמָּה PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nsubj _ Gloss=they|Ref=2SA_21:2!10|MId=o100210020101|Strong=1992|Type=personal 20 כִּ֚י כִּי SCONJ _ ExtPos=SCONJ 23 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2SA_21:2!11|MId=o100210020111|Strong=3588 21 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 20 fixed _ Gloss=(if)|Ref=2SA_21:2!12|MId=o100210020121|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 מִיֶּ֣תֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_21:2!13|MId=o100210020131|Strong=4480 23 יֶּ֣תֶר יֶתֶר NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 conj _ Gloss=the.remnant|Ref=2SA_21:2!13|MId=o100210020132|Strong=3499 24-25 הָאֱמֹרִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 25 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_21:2!14|MId=o100210020141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 25 אֱמֹרִ֔י אֱמֹרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 23 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Amorite[s]|Ref=2SA_21:2!14|MId=o100210020142|Strong=0567|Type=gentilic 26-27 וּבְנֵ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:2!15|MId=o100210020151|Strong=2050b 27 בְנֵ֤י בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 29 nsubj _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2SA_21:2!15|MId=o100210020152|Strong=1121 28 יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 27 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2SA_21:2!16|MId=o100210020161|Strong=3478 29 נִשְׁבְּע֣וּ שָׁבַע VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.had.sworn.an.oath|Ref=2SA_21:2!17|MId=o100210020171|Strong=7650|Frame=A0:100210020152;|Type=qatal 30-31 לָהֶ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 ל לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_21:2!18|MId=o100210020181|Strong=3807a 31 ָהֶ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 29 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=2SA_21:2!18|MId=o100210020182|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 32-33 וַיְבַקֵּ֤שׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 32 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 33 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:2!19|MId=o100210020191|Strong=2050b 33 יְבַקֵּ֤שׁ בָּקַשׁ VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.had.sought|Ref=2SA_21:2!19|MId=o100210020192|Strong=1245|Frame=A0:100210020201;|Type=wayyiqtol 34 שָׁאוּל֙ שָׁאוּל PROPN _ _ 33 nsubj _ Gloss=Saul|Ref=2SA_21:2!20|MId=o100210020201|Strong=7586 35-37 לְהַכֹּתָ֔ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_21:2!21|MId=o100210020211|Strong=3807a 36 הַכֹּת נָכָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 33 advcl _ Gloss=strike|Ref=2SA_21:2!21|MId=o100210020212|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:100210020201;A0:100210020213;|Type=infinitive_construct 37 ָ֔ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 obj _ Gloss=them.down|Ref=2SA_21:2!21|MId=o100210020213|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 38-40 בְּקַנֹּאת֥וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=because|Ref=2SA_21:2!22|MId=o100210020221|Strong=0871a 39 קַנֹּאת קָנָא VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 33 advcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_21:2!22|MId=o100210020222|Strong=7065|Frame=A0:100210020223;|Type=infinitive_construct 40 ֥וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ Gloss=was.zealous|Ref=2SA_21:2!22|MId=o100210020223|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 41-42 לִבְנֵֽי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 41 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 42 case _ Gloss=for|Ref=2SA_21:2!23|MId=o100210020231|Strong=3807a 42 בְנֵֽי־ בֵּן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 39 obl _ Gloss=the.people|Ref=2SA_21:2!23|MId=o100210020232|Strong=1121 43 יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 42 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2SA_21:2!24|MId=o100210020241|Strong=3478 44-45 וִיהוּדָֽה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44 וִ וְ CCONJ _ _ 45 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:2!25|MId=o100210020251|Strong=2050b 45 יהוּדָֽה יְהוּדָה PROPN _ _ 43 conj _ Gloss=Judah|Ref=2SA_21:2!25|MId=o100210020252|Strong=3063 46 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 45 punct _ Ref=2SA_21:2!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּקְרָא *he summoned* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | מֶּלֶךְ *king* | | | | | נִשְׁבְּעוּ *they had sworn an oath* | qatal · niphal | בְנֵי *the people* | | | | | יְבַקֵּשׁ *he had sought* | wayyiqtol · piel | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | | | | הַכֹּת *strike* | infinitive construct · hiphil | ָם *them down* | | | שָׁאוּל *Saul* | | קַנֹּאת *he* | infinitive construct · piel | וֹ *was zealous* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּקְרָא מַלְכָּא לְגִבְעוֹנָאֵי וַאֲמַר לְהוֹן וְגִבְעוֹנָאֵי לָא מִבְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל אִינוּן אֱלָהֵין מִשְׁאַר אֱמוֹרָאֵי וּבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל קַיָמוּ לְהוֹן וּבְעָא שָׁאוּל לְקַטָלוּתְהוֹן בִּדְקָנִי לִבְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל וִיהוּדָה: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And the king called the Gibeonites, and said unto them — now the Gibeonites were not of the children of Israel, but of the remnant of the Amorites; and the children of Israel had sworn unto them; and Saul sought to slay them in his zeal for the children of Israel and Judah —](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.636/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:559`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 21:1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.1/) - next →: [2 Samuel 21:3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.3/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/21/)