--- title: 2 Samuel 21:5 — And they said unto the king: 'The man that consumed us, and that dev… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And they said unto the king: 'The man that consumed us, and that devised against us, so that we have been destroyed from remaining in any of the borders of Israel, Who acts: Gibeonites, man, that. 2 Samuel 21:5 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.5/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/21/) / 21:5 # 2 Samuel 21:5 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Gibeonites, man, that · **What happens:** say, consume, devise, destroy, remaining · **To what, where:** man, us, we, any · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 21:5 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Gibeonites, man, that — and what happens in the verse to man, us, we, any, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הָאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כִּלָּ֔נוּ וַאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּמָּה־לָ֑נוּ נִשְׁמַ֕דְנוּ מֵֽהִתְיַצֵּ֖ב בְּכָל־גְּבֻ֥ל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ [And they said unto the king: 'The man that consumed us, and that devised against us, so that we have been destroyed from remaining in any of the borders of Israel,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.639/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:562 # text = וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הָאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כִּלָּ֔נוּ וַאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּמָּה־לָ֑נוּ נִשְׁמַ֕דְנוּ מֵֽהִתְיַצֵּ֖ב בְּכָל־גְּבֻ֥ל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃ # verse = 2SA.21.5 1-2 וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:5!1|MId=o100210050011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=they.said|Ref=2SA_21:5!1|MId=o100210050012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100210040032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_21:5!2|MId=o100210050021|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_21:5!3|MId=o100210050031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 מֶּ֔לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_21:5!3|MId=o100210050032|Strong=4428 6-7 הָאִישׁ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_21:5!4|MId=o100210050041|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 אִישׁ֙ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 ccomp _ Gloss=man|Ref=2SA_21:5!4|MId=o100210050042|Strong=0376 8 אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 9 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=2SA_21:5!5|MId=o100210050051|Strong=0834|Type=relative 9-10 כִּלָּ֔נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 כִּלּ כָּלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 acl:relcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_21:5!6|MId=o100210050061|Strong=3615|Frame=A0:100210050042;A1:100210050062;|Type=qatal 10 ָ֔נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 obj _ Gloss=made.an.end.of.us|Ref=2SA_21:5!6|MId=o100210050062|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 11-12 וַאֲשֶׁ֖ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_21:5!7|MId=o100210050071|Strong=2050b 12 אֲשֶׁ֖ר אֲשֶׁר SCONJ _ _ 13 mark _ Gloss=who|Ref=2SA_21:5!7|MId=o100210050072|Strong=0834|Type=relative 13 דִּמָּה־ דָּמָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 9 conj _ Gloss=he.planned|Ref=2SA_21:5!8|MId=o100210050081|Strong=1819|Frame=A0:100210050042;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 14-15 לָ֑נוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 ל לְ ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_21:5!9|MId=o100210050091|Strong=3807a 15 ָ֑נוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs 13 obl _ Gloss=us|Ref=2SA_21:5!9|MId=o100210050092|Strong=5105a|Type=pronominal 16 נִשְׁמַ֕דְנוּ שָׁמַד VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 13 advcl _ Gloss=we.were.destroyed|Ref=2SA_21:5!10|MId=o100210050101|Strong=8045|Frame=A1:100210040032;|Type=qatal 17-18 מֵֽהִתְיַצֵּ֖ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_21:5!11|MId=o100210050111|Strong=4480 18 הִתְיַצֵּ֖ב יָצַב VERB _ HebBinyan=HITHPAEL 16 advcl _ Gloss=standing|Ref=2SA_21:5!11|MId=o100210050112|Strong=3320|Frame=A0:100210040032;|Type=infinitive_construct 19-20 בְּכָל־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_21:5!12|MId=o100210050121|Strong=0871a 20 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 18 obl _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_21:5!12|MId=o100210050122|Strong=3605 21 גְּבֻ֥ל גְּבוּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 20 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.territory|Ref=2SA_21:5!13|MId=o100210050131|Strong=1366 22 יִשְׂרָאֵֽל יִשְׂרָאֵל PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Israel|Ref=2SA_21:5!14|MId=o100210050141|Strong=3478|SpaceAfter=No 23 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 22 punct _ Ref=2SA_21:5!14 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּֽאמְרוּ *they said* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | כִּלּ *he* | qatal · piel | אִישׁ *man* | ָנוּ *made an end of us* | | | | דִּמָּה־ *he planned* | qatal · piel | אִישׁ *man* | | | | | נִשְׁמַדְנוּ *we were destroyed* | qatal · niphal | | | | | | הִתְיַצֵּב *standing* | infinitive construct · hithpael | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַרוּ לְמַלְכָּא גַבְרָא דְשֵׁצְיָנָא וּדְחַשֵׁב לָנָא אִשְׁתֵּיצֵינָא מִלְמֵידַר בְּכָל תְּחוּם אַרְעָא דְיִשְׂרָאֵל: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And they said unto the king: 'The man that consumed us, and that devised against us, so that we have been destroyed from remaining in any of the borders of Israel,](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.639/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:562`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 21:4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.4/) - next →: [2 Samuel 21:6](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.21.6/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/21/)