--- title: 2 Samuel 23:10 — he stood firm, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: he stood firm, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand did cleave unto the sword; and the LORD wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to strip the slain. Who acts: man, hand, LORD, people. 2 Samuel 23:10 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, T --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.10/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/23/) / 23:10 # 2 Samuel 23:10 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** man, hand, LORD, people · **What happens:** stand, smote, be, cleave, wrought, return · **To what, where:** Philistines, great victory, slain This is 2 Samuel 23:10 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, hand, LORD, people — and what happens in the verse to Philistines, great victory, slain, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. ה֣וּא קָם֩ וַיַּ֨ךְ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים עַ֣ד ׀ כִּֽי־יָגְעָ֣ה יָד֗וֹ וַתִּדְבַּ֤ק יָדוֹ֙ אֶל־הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיַּ֧עַשׂ יְהוָ֛ה תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה גְדוֹלָ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וְהָעָ֛ם יָשֻׁ֥בוּ אַחֲרָ֖יו אַךְ־לְפַשֵּֽׁט׃ס [he stood firm, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand did cleave unto the sword; and the LORD wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to strip the slain.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.720/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:640 # text = ה֣וּא קָם֩ וַיַּ֨ךְ בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים עַ֣ד ׀ כִּֽי־יָגְעָ֣ה יָד֗וֹ וַתִּדְבַּ֤ק יָדוֹ֙ אֶל־הַחֶ֔רֶב וַיַּ֧עַשׂ יְהוָ֛ה תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה גְדוֹלָ֖ה בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וְהָעָ֛ם יָשֻׁ֥בוּ אַחֲרָ֖יו אַךְ־לְפַשֵּֽׁט׃ס # verse = 2SA.23.10 1 ה֣וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_23:10!1|MId=o100230100011|Strong=1931|Type=personal 2 קָם֩ קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.arose|Ref=2SA_23:10!2|MId=o100230100021|Strong=6965|Frame=A0:100230100011;|Type=qatal 3-4 וַיַּ֨ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 4 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:10!3|MId=o100230100031|Strong=2050b 4 יַּ֨ךְ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.struck.down|Ref=2SA_23:10!3|MId=o100230100032|Strong=5221|Frame=A0:100230090031;|Type=wayyiqtol 5-7 בַּפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=among|Ref=2SA_23:10!4|MId=o100230100041|Strong=0871a 6 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 7 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_23:10!4|MId=o100230100041ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 7 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֜ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 4 obl _ Gloss=Philistines|Ref=2SA_23:10!4|MId=o100230100042|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 8 עַ֣ד עַד ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=until|Ref=2SA_23:10!5|MId=o100230100051|Strong=5704 9 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 8 punct _ Ref=2SA_23:10!5 10 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 11 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2SA_23:10!6|MId=o100230100061|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 11 יָגְעָ֣ה יָגֵעַ VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 4 parataxis _ Gloss=it.was.weary|Ref=2SA_23:10!7|MId=o100230100071|Strong=3021|Frame=A0:100230100081;|Type=qatal 12-13 יָד֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=2SA_23:10!8|MId=o100230100081|Strong=3027 13 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_23:10!8|MId=o100230100082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 14-15 וַתִּדְבַּ֤ק _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:10!9|MId=o100230100091|Strong=2050b 15 תִּדְבַּ֤ק דָּבַק VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 11 conj _ Gloss=it.cleaved|Ref=2SA_23:10!9|MId=o100230100092|Strong=1692|Frame=A0:100230100101;|Type=wayyiqtol 16-17 יָדוֹ֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 15 nsubj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=2SA_23:10!10|MId=o100230100101|Strong=3027 17 וֹ֙ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_23:10!10|MId=o100230100102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 18 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_23:10!11|MId=o100230100111|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 19-20 הַחֶ֔רֶב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 20 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_23:10!12|MId=o100230100121|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 20 חֶ֔רֶב חֶרֶב NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=sword|Ref=2SA_23:10!12|MId=o100230100122|Strong=2719 21-22 וַיַּ֧עַשׂ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 22 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:10!13|MId=o100230100131|Strong=2050b 22 יַּ֧עַשׂ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.did|Ref=2SA_23:10!13|MId=o100230100132|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:100230100141;A1:100230100151;|Type=wayyiqtol 23 יְהוָ֛ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 22 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2SA_23:10!14|MId=o100230100141|Strong=3068 24 תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה תְּשׁוּעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 22 obj _ Gloss=a.victory|Ref=2SA_23:10!15|MId=o100230100151|Strong=8668 25 גְדוֹלָ֖ה גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 24 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=2SA_23:10!16|MId=o100230100161|Strong=1419|Type=adjective 26-28 בַּיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_23:10!17|MId=o100230100171|Strong=0871a 27 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 28 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_23:10!17|MId=o100230100171ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 28 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=2SA_23:10!17|MId=o100230100172|Strong=3117 29-30 הַה֑וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_23:10!18|MId=o100230100181|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 ה֑וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=2SA_23:10!18|MId=o100230100182|Strong=1931|Type=personal 31-33 וְהָעָ֛ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 34 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:10!19|MId=o100230100191|Strong=2050b 32 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 33 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_23:10!19|MId=o100230100192|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 33 עָ֛ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 34 nsubj _ Gloss=people|Ref=2SA_23:10!19|MId=o100230100193|Strong=5971 34 יָשֻׁ֥בוּ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.returned|Ref=2SA_23:10!20|MId=o100230100201|Strong=7725|Frame=A0:100230100193;|Type=yiqtol 35-36 אַחֲרָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 אַחֲרָ֖י אַחַר ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=2SA_23:10!21|MId=o100230100211|Strong=0310 36 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 34 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_23:10!21|MId=o100230100212|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 37 אַךְ־ אַךְ ADV _ _ 39 advmod _ Gloss=only|Ref=2SA_23:10!22|MId=o100230100221|Strong=0389|Type=affirmation|SpaceAfter=No 38-39 לְפַשֵּֽׁט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 39 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_23:10!23|MId=o100230100231|Strong=3807a 39 פַשֵּֽׁט פָּשַׁט VERB _ HebBinyan=PIEL 34 advcl _ Gloss=strip|Ref=2SA_23:10!23|MId=o100230100232|Strong=6584|Frame=A0:100230100193;|Type=infinitive_construct 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=2SA_23:10!23|SpaceAfter=No 41 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=2SA_23:10!23 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | קָם *he arose* | qatal · qal | הוּא *he* | | | | | יַּךְ *he struck down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | | | | | | יָגְעָה *it was weary* | qatal · qal | יָד *hand* | | | | | תִּדְבַּק *it cleaved* | wayyiqtol · qal | יָד *hand* | | | | | יַּעַשׂ *he did* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | תְּשׁוּעָה *a victory* | | | | יָשֻׁבוּ *they returned* | yiqtol · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | פַשֵּֽׁט *strip* | infinitive construct · piel | עָם *people* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} הוּא קָם וּקְטַל בִּפְלִשְׁתָּאֵי עַד דְלָאִית יְדֵיהּ וְאַדְבִּיקַת יְדֵיהּ עִם חַרְבָּא וַעֲבַד יְיָ פּוּרְקָנָא רַבָּא בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא וְעַמָא תַּב בַּתְרוֹהִי בְּרַם לַחֲלָצָא קְטִילַיָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [he stood firm, and smote the Philistines until his hand was weary, and his hand did cleave unto the sword; and the LORD wrought a great victory that day; and the people returned after him only to strip the slain.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.720/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:640`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 23:9](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.9/) - next →: [2 Samuel 23:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.11/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/23/)