--- title: 2 Samuel 23:12 — But he stood in the midst of the plot, and defended it, and slew the… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: But he stood in the midst of the plot, and defended it, and slew the Philistines; and the LORD wrought a great victory. Who acts: man, LORD. 2 Samuel 23:12 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.12/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/23/) / 23:12 # 2 Samuel 23:12 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** man, LORD · **What happens:** stand, defend, slay, wrought · **To what, where:** midst, plot, Philistines, great victory This is 2 Samuel 23:12 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — man, LORD — and what happens in the verse to midst, plot, Philistines, great victory, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֤ב בְּתוֹךְ־הַֽחֶלְקָה֙ וַיַּצִּילֶ֔הָ וַיַּ֖ךְ אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֥עַשׂ יְהוָ֖ה תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה׃ס [But he stood in the midst of the plot, and defended it, and slew the Philistines; and the LORD wrought a great victory.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.723/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:642 # text = וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֤ב בְּתוֹךְ־הַֽחֶלְקָה֙ וַיַּצִּילֶ֔הָ וַיַּ֖ךְ אֶת־פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֥עַשׂ יְהוָ֖ה תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה׃ס # verse = 2SA.23.12 1-2 וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֤ב _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:12!1|MId=o100230120011|Strong=2050b 2 יִּתְיַצֵּ֤ב יָצַב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HITHPAEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.took.his.stand|Ref=2SA_23:12!1|MId=o100230120012|Strong=3320|Frame=A0:100230110021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3-4 בְּתוֹךְ־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 3 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 4 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_23:12!2|MId=o100230120021|Strong=0871a 4 תוֹךְ־ תָּוֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=the.middle|Ref=2SA_23:12!2|MId=o100230120022|Strong=8432 5-6 הַֽחֶלְקָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 הַֽ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 6 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_23:12!3|MId=o100230120031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 6 חֶלְקָה֙ חֶלְקָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 4 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.portion|Ref=2SA_23:12!3|MId=o100230120032|Strong=2513 7-9 וַיַּצִּילֶ֔הָ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:12!4|MId=o100230120041|Strong=2050b 8 יַּצִּיל נָצַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_23:12!4|MId=o100230120042|Strong=5337|Frame=AA:100230110021;A0:100230120043;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 ֶ֔הָ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 obj _ Gloss=delivered.it|Ref=2SA_23:12!4|MId=o100230120043|Strong=1886d|Type=pronominal 10-11 וַיַּ֖ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 10 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:12!5|MId=o100230120051|Strong=2050b 11 יַּ֖ךְ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.struck.down|Ref=2SA_23:12!5|MId=o100230120052|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:100230110021;A0:100230120071;|Type=wayyiqtol 12 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_23:12!6|MId=o100230120061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 13 פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים פְּלִשְׁתִּי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 11 obj _ Gloss=[the].Philistines|Ref=2SA_23:12!7|MId=o100230120071|Strong=6430|Type=gentilic 14-15 וַיַּ֥עַשׂ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 15 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:12!8|MId=o100230120081|Strong=2050b 15 יַּ֥עַשׂ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.did|Ref=2SA_23:12!8|MId=o100230120082|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:100230120091;A1:100230120101;|Type=wayyiqtol 16 יְהוָ֖ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 15 nsubj _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2SA_23:12!9|MId=o100230120091|Strong=3068 17 תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה תְּשׁוּעָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 15 obj _ Gloss=a.victory|Ref=2SA_23:12!10|MId=o100230120101|Strong=8668 18 גְדוֹלָֽה גָּדוֹל ADJ _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 17 amod _ Gloss=great|Ref=2SA_23:12!11|MId=o100230120111|Strong=1419|Type=adjective|SpaceAfter=No 19 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=2SA_23:12!11|SpaceAfter=No 20 ס ס PUNCT _ _ 18 punct _ Ref=2SA_23:12!11 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יִּתְיַצֵּב *he took his stand* | wayyiqtol · hithpael | | | | | | יַּצִּיל *he* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | ֶהָ *delivered it* | | | | | יַּךְ *he struck down* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | פְּלִשְׁתִּים *\[the\] Philistines* | | | | | יַּעַשׂ *he did* | wayyiqtol · qal | יְהוָה *Yahweh* | תְּשׁוּעָה *a victory* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְאִתְעַתֵּד בְּגוֹ אַחְסַנְתָּא וְשֵׁיזְבֵיהּ וּקְטַל יַת פְּלִשְׁתָּאֵי וַעֲבַד יְיָ פּוּרְקָנָא רַבָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [But he stood in the midst of the plot, and defended it, and slew the Philistines; and the LORD wrought a great victory.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.723/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:642`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 23:11](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.11/) - next →: [2 Samuel 23:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.13/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/23/)