--- title: 2 Samuel 23:21 — and he slew an Egyptian, a goodly man; and the Egyptian had a spear… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: and he slew an Egyptian, a goodly man; and the Egyptian had a spear in his hand; but he went down to him with a staff, and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian's hand, and slew him with his own spear. Who acts: Benaiah, Egyptian. 2 Samuel 23:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, J --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/23/) / 23:21 # 2 Samuel 23:21 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Benaiah, Egyptian · **What happens:** slay, have, go down, pluck · **To what, where:** Egyptian, spear, hand, man, Benaiah This is 2 Samuel 23:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Benaiah, Egyptian — and what happens in the verse to Egyptian, spear, hand, man, Benaiah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהוּא־הִכָּה֩ אֶת־אִ֨ישׁ מִצְרִ֜י אִ֣ישׁ מַרְאֶ֗ה וּבְיַ֤ד הַמִּצְרִי֙ חֲנִ֔ית וַיֵּ֥רֶד אֵלָ֖יו בַּשָּׁ֑בֶט וַיִּגְזֹ֤ל אֶֽת־הַחֲנִית֙ מִיַּ֣ד הַמִּצְרִ֔י וַיַּהַרְגֵ֖הוּ בַּחֲנִיתֽוֹ׃ [and he slew an Egyptian, a goodly man; and the Egyptian had a spear in his hand; but he went down to him with a staff, and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian's hand, and slew him with his own spear.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.734/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:651 # text = וְהוּא־הִכָּה֩ אֶת־אִ֨ישׁ מִצְרִ֜י אִ֣ישׁ מַרְאֶ֗ה וּבְיַ֤ד הַמִּצְרִי֙ חֲנִ֔ית וַיֵּ֥רֶד אֵלָ֖יו בַּשָּׁ֑בֶט וַיִּגְזֹ֤ל אֶֽת־הַחֲנִית֙ מִיַּ֣ד הַמִּצְרִ֔י וַיַּהַרְגֵ֖הוּ בַּחֲנִיתֽוֹ׃ # verse = 2SA.23.21 1-2 וְהוּא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 3 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:21!1|MId=o100230210011|Strong=2050b 2 הוּא־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_23:21!1|MId=o100230210012|Strong=1931|Type=personal 3 הִכָּה֩ נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.struck.down|Ref=2SA_23:21!2|MId=o100230210021|Strong=5221|Frame=AA:100230210012;A0:100230210041;|Type=qatal 4 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_23:21!3|MId=o100230210031|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 5 אִ֨ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 obj _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=2SA_23:21!4|MId=o100230210041|Strong=0376 6 מִצְרִ֜י מִצְרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=Egyptian|Ref=2SA_23:21!5|MId=o100230210051|Strong=4713|Type=gentilic 7 אִ֣ישׁ אִישׁ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 appos _ Gloss=a.man|Ref=2SA_23:21!7|MId=o100230210071|Strong=0376 8 מַרְאֶ֗ה מַרְאֶה NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.appearance|Ref=2SA_23:21!8|MId=o100230210081|Strong=4758 9-11 וּבְיַ֤ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 11 cc _ Gloss=and.[was]|Ref=2SA_23:21!9|MId=o100230210091|Strong=2050b 10 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_23:21!9|MId=o100230210092|Strong=0871a 11 יַ֤ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 3 conj _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=2SA_23:21!9|MId=o100230210093|Strong=3027 12-13 הַמִּצְרִי֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 13 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_23:21!10|MId=o100230210101|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 13 מִּצְרִי֙ מִצְרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 11 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Egyptian|Ref=2SA_23:21!10|MId=o100230210102|Strong=4713|Type=gentilic 14 חֲנִ֔ית חֲנִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 11 nsubj _ Gloss=a.spear|Ref=2SA_23:21!11|MId=o100230210111|Strong=2595 15-16 וַיֵּ֥רֶד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:21!12|MId=o100230210121|Strong=2050b 16 יֵּ֥רֶד יָרַד VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.went.down|Ref=2SA_23:21!12|MId=o100230210122|Strong=3381|Frame=A0:100230200012;|Type=wayyiqtol 17-18 אֵלָ֖יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 אֵלָ֖י אֶל ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_23:21!13|MId=o100230210131|Strong=0413 18 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_23:21!13|MId=o100230210132|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19-21 בַּשָּׁ֑בֶט _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_23:21!14|MId=o100230210141|Strong=0871a 20 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 21 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_23:21!14|MId=o100230210141ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 21 שָּׁ֑בֶט שֵׁבֶט NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=club|Ref=2SA_23:21!14|MId=o100230210142|Strong=7626 22-23 וַיִּגְזֹ֤ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 23 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:21!15|MId=o100230210151|Strong=2050b 23 יִּגְזֹ֤ל גָּזַל VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he.seized|Ref=2SA_23:21!15|MId=o100230210152|Strong=1497|Frame=A0:100230200012;A1:100230210172;|Type=wayyiqtol 24 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 26 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_23:21!16|MId=o100230210161|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 25-26 הַחֲנִית֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 26 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_23:21!17|MId=o100230210171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 26 חֲנִית֙ חֲנִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 23 obj _ Gloss=spear|Ref=2SA_23:21!17|MId=o100230210172|Strong=2595 27-28 מִיַּ֣ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_23:21!18|MId=o100230210181|Strong=4480 28 יַּ֣ד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 23 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=2SA_23:21!18|MId=o100230210182|Strong=3027 29-30 הַמִּצְרִ֔י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=of|Ref=2SA_23:21!19|MId=o100230210191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 מִּצְרִ֔י מִצְרִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 28 compound:smixut _ Gloss=the.Egyptian|Ref=2SA_23:21!19|MId=o100230210192|Strong=4713|Type=gentilic 31-33 וַיַּהַרְגֵ֖הוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_23:21!20|MId=o100230210201|Strong=2050b 32 יַּהַרְג הָרַג VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 3 conj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_23:21!20|MId=o100230210202|Strong=2026|Frame=A0:100230200012;A1:100230210203;|Type=wayyiqtol 33 ֵ֖הוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 32 obj _ Gloss=killed.him|Ref=2SA_23:21!20|MId=o100230210203|Strong=1930a|Type=pronominal 34-36 בַּחֲנִיתֽוֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 34 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 35 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_23:21!21|MId=o100230210211|Strong=0871a 35 חֲנִית חֲנִית NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 32 obl _ Gloss=his.own|Ref=2SA_23:21!21|MId=o100230210212|Strong=2595 36 ֽוֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=spear|Ref=2SA_23:21!21|MId=o100230210213|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=2SA_23:21!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: no | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | הִכָּה *he struck down* | qatal · hiphil | אִישׁ *a man* | | | הוּא־ *he* | | יֵּרֶד *he went down* | wayyiqtol · qal | | | | | | יִּגְזֹל *he seized* | wayyiqtol · qal | | חֲנִית *spear* | | | | יַּהַרְג *he* | wayyiqtol · qal | | ֵהוּ *killed him* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְהוּא קְטַל יַת גַבְרָא מִצְרָאָה גְבַר דְחֶזְוָא וּבִידָא דְמִצְרָאָה מוּרְנִיתָא וּנְחַת עֲלוֹהִי בְּחוּטְרָא וַאֲנֵיס יַת מוּרְנִיתָא מִידָא דְמִצְרָאָה וְקַטְלֵיהּ בְּמוּרְנִיתֵיהּ: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [and he slew an Egyptian, a goodly man; and the Egyptian had a spear in his hand; but he went down to him with a staff, and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian's hand, and slew him with his own spear.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.734/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:651`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 23:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.20/) - next →: [2 Samuel 23:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.23.22/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/23/)