--- title: 2 Samuel 24:14 — And David said unto Gad: 'I am in a great strait; let us fall now in… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David said unto Gad: 'I am in a great strait; let us fall now into the hand of the LORD; for His mercies are great; and let me not fall into the hand of man.' Who acts: David, I, us, mercies. 2 Samuel 24:14 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.14/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/24/) / 24:14 # 2 Samuel 24:14 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** David, I, us, mercies, me · **What happens:** say, be, let, fall, not fall · **To what, where:** great strait, us, hand, me · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 24:14 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, I, us, mercies, me — and what happens in the verse to great strait, us, hand, me, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אֶל־גָּ֖ד צַר־לִ֣י מְאֹ֑ד נִפְּלָה־נָּ֤א בְיַד־יְהוָה֙ כִּֽי־רַבִּ֣ים רַֽחֲמָ֔יו וּבְיַד־אָדָ֖ם אַל־אֶפֹּֽלָה׃ [And David said unto Gad: 'I am in a great strait; let us fall now into the hand of the LORD; for His mercies are great; and let me not fall into the hand of man.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.770/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:683 # text = וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אֶל־גָּ֖ד צַר־לִ֣י מְאֹ֑ד נִפְּלָה־נָּ֤א בְיַד־יְהוָה֙ כִּֽי־רַבִּ֣ים רַֽחֲמָ֔יו וּבְיַד־אָדָ֖ם אַל־אֶפֹּֽלָה׃ # verse = 2SA.24.14 1-2 וַיֹּ֧אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:14!1|MId=o100240140011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֧אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_24:14!1|MId=o100240140012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100240140021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֛ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_24:14!2|MId=o100240140021|Strong=1732 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_24:14!3|MId=o100240140031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 גָּ֖ד גָּד PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Gad|Ref=2SA_24:14!4|MId=o100240140041|Strong=1410 6 צַר־ צרר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=it.is.distress|Ref=2SA_24:14!5|MId=o100240140051|Strong=6887|Frame=A0:;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 7-8 לִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 ל לְ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_24:14!6|MId=o100240140061|Strong=3807a 8 ִ֣י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=2SA_24:14!6|MId=o100240140062|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 9 מְאֹ֑ד מְאֹד ADV _ _ 6 advmod _ Gloss=exceedingly|Ref=2SA_24:14!7|MId=o100240140071|Strong=3966 10 נִפְּלָה־ נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=1 6 parataxis _ Gloss=let.us.fall|Ref=2SA_24:14!8|MId=o100240140081|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:100240140021;100240140041;100240100092;|Type=cohortative|SpaceAfter=No 11 נָּ֤א נָא INTJ _ _ 10 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=2SA_24:14!9|MId=o100240140091|Strong=4994|Type=interjection 12-13 בְיַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 13 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_24:14!10|MId=o100240140101|Strong=0871a 13 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 10 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=2SA_24:14!10|MId=o100240140102|Strong=3027 14 יְהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 13 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Yahweh|Ref=2SA_24:14!11|MId=o100240140111|Strong=3068 15 כִּֽי־ כִּי SCONJ _ _ 16 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2SA_24:14!12|MId=o100240140121|Strong=3588|SpaceAfter=No 16 רַבִּ֣ים רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 6 advcl _ Gloss=[are].great|Ref=2SA_24:14!13|MId=o100240140131|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 17-18 רַֽחֲמָ֔יו _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 רַֽחֲמָ֔י רַחֲמִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 16 nsubj _ Gloss=compassion(s)|Ref=2SA_24:14!15|MId=o100240140151|Strong=7356 18 ו הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 17 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_24:14!15|MId=o100240140152|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 19-21 וּבְיַד־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:14!16|MId=o100240140161|Strong=2050b 20 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_24:14!16|MId=o100240140162|Strong=0871a 21 יַד־ יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 24 obl _ Gloss=the.hand|Ref=2SA_24:14!16|MId=o100240140163|Strong=3027 22 אָדָ֖ם אָדָם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.a.human|Ref=2SA_24:14!17|MId=o100240140171|Strong=0120 23 אַל־ אַל ADV _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_24:14!18|MId=o100240140181|Strong=0408|Type=negative|SpaceAfter=No 24 אֶפֹּֽלָה נָפַל VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 6 conj _ Gloss=let.me.fall|Ref=2SA_24:14!19|MId=o100240140191|Strong=5307|Frame=A0:100240140021;|Type=cohortative|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=2SA_24:14!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: yes - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | צַר־ *it is distress* | qatal · qal | | | | | | נִפְּלָה־ *let us fall* | cohortative · qal | דָּוִד *David* + גָּד *Gad* | | | | | **not** אֶפֹּֽלָה *let me fall* | cohortative · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְגָד עָקַת לִי לַחֲדָא נִתְמְסַר כְּעַן בְּיַד מֵימְרָא דַייָ אֲרֵי סַגִיאִין רַחֲמוֹהִי וּבִידָא דֶאֱנָשָׁא לָא אִתְמְסָר: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David said unto Gad: 'I am in a great strait; let us fall now into the hand of the LORD; for His mercies are great; and let me not fall into the hand of man.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.770/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:683`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 24:13](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.13/) - next →: [2 Samuel 24:15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.15/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/24/)