--- title: 2 Samuel 24:17 — And David spoke unto the LORD when he saw the angel that smote the p… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And David spoke unto the LORD when he saw the angel that smote the people, and said: 'Lo, I have sinned, and I have done iniquitously; but these sheep, what have they done? let Thy hand, I pray Thee, be against me, and against my father's house.' Who acts: David, LORD, angel, I. 2 Samuel 24:17 in He --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.17/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/24/) / 24:17 # 2 Samuel 24:17 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** David, LORD, angel, I, people, hand · **What happens:** speak, see, smite, say, sin, do · **To what, where:** angel, people, hand, Thee · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 24:17 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — David, LORD, angel, I, people, hand — and what happens in the verse to angel, people, hand, Thee, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּאמֶר֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶל־יְהוָ֜ה בִּרְאֹת֣וֹ ׀ אֶֽת־הַמַּלְאָ֣ךְ ׀ הַמַּכֶּ֣ה בָעָ֗ם וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֤י חָטָ֙אתִי֙ וְאָנֹכִ֣י הֶעֱוֵ֔יתִי וְאֵ֥לֶּה הַצֹּ֖אן מֶ֣ה עָשׂ֑וּ תְּהִ֨י נָ֥א יָדְךָ֛ בִּ֖י וּבְבֵ֥ית אָבִֽי׃פ [And David spoke unto the LORD when he saw the angel that smote the people, and said: 'Lo, I have sinned, and I have done iniquitously; but these sheep, what have they done? let Thy hand, I pray Thee, be against me, and against my father's house.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.773/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:686 # text = וַיֹּאמֶר֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶל־יְהוָ֜ה בִּרְאֹת֣וֹ ׀ אֶֽת־הַמַּלְאָ֣ךְ ׀ הַמַּכֶּ֣ה בָעָ֗ם וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ הִנֵּ֨ה אָנֹכִ֤י חָטָ֙אתִי֙ וְאָנֹכִ֣י הֶעֱוֵ֔יתִי וְאֵ֥לֶּה הַצֹּ֖אן מֶ֣ה עָשׂ֑וּ תְּהִ֨י נָ֥א יָדְךָ֛ בִּ֖י וּבְבֵ֥ית אָבִֽי׃פ # verse = 2SA.24.17 1-2 וַיֹּאמֶר֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:17!1|MId=o100240170011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּאמֶר֩ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_24:17!1|MId=o100240170012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100240170021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 דָּוִ֨ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_24:17!2|MId=o100240170021|Strong=1732 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_24:17!3|MId=o100240170031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 יְהוָ֜ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2SA_24:17!4|MId=o100240170041|Strong=3068 6-8 בִּרְאֹת֣וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בִּ בְּ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=when|Ref=2SA_24:17!5|MId=o100240170051|Strong=0871a 7 רְאֹת רָאָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 2 advcl _ Gloss=saw|Ref=2SA_24:17!5|MId=o100240170052|Strong=7200|Frame=A0:100240170053;A1:100240170072;|Type=infinitive_construct 8 ֣וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_24:17!5|MId=o100240170053|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 9 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 8 punct _ Ref=2SA_24:17!5 10 אֶֽת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 12 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_24:17!6|MId=o100240170061|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 11-12 הַמַּלְאָ֣ךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 12 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_24:17!7|MId=o100240170071|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 12 מַּלְאָ֣ךְ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obj _ Gloss=angel|Ref=2SA_24:17!7|MId=o100240170072|Strong=4397 13 ׀ ׀ PUNCT _ _ 12 punct _ Ref=2SA_24:17!7 14-15 הַמַּכֶּ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 הַ הַ SCONJ _ _ 15 mark _ Gloss=[who|Ref=2SA_24:17!8|MId=o100240170081|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 15 מַּכֶּ֣ה נָכָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing 12 acl:relcl _ Gloss=was].striking.down|Ref=2SA_24:17!8|MId=o100240170082|Strong=5221|Frame=A0:100240170072;|Type=participle_active 16-18 בָעָ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 בָ בְּ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=(on)|Ref=2SA_24:17!9|MId=o100240170091|Strong=0871a 17 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 18 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_24:17!9|MId=o100240170091ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 18 עָ֗ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 15 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=2SA_24:17!9|MId=o100240170092|Strong=5971 19-20 וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 20 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:17!10|MId=o100240170101|Strong=2050b 20 יֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_24:17!10|MId=o100240170102|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100240170021;|Type=wayyiqtol 21 הִנֵּ֨ה הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 23 discourse _ Gloss=here!|Ref=2SA_24:17!11|MId=o100240170111|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 22 אָנֹכִ֤י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2SA_24:17!12|MId=o100240170121|Strong=0595|Type=personal 23 חָטָ֙אתִי֙ חָטָא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 20 ccomp _ Gloss=I.have.sinned|Ref=2SA_24:17!13|MId=o100240170131|Strong=2398|Frame=A0:100240170121;|Type=qatal 24-25 וְאָנֹכִ֣י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 26 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:17!14|MId=o100240170141|Strong=2050b 25 אָנֹכִ֣י אָנֹכִי PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 26 nsubj _ Gloss=I|Ref=2SA_24:17!14|MId=o100240170142|Strong=0595|Type=personal 26 הֶעֱוֵ֔יתִי עָוָה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=1 23 conj _ Gloss=I.have.done.wrong|Ref=2SA_24:17!15|MId=o100240170151|Strong=5753|Frame=A0:100240170142;|Type=qatal 27-28 וְאֵ֥לֶּה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 32 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:17!16|MId=o100240170161|Strong=2050b 28 אֵ֥לֶּה אֵלֶּה DET _ Gender=Com|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 30 det _ Gloss=these|Ref=2SA_24:17!16|MId=o100240170162|Strong=0428|Type=demonstrative 29-30 הַצֹּ֖אן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 30 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_24:17!17|MId=o100240170171|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 30 צֹּ֖אן צֹאן NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ Gloss=sheep|Ref=2SA_24:17!17|MId=o100240170172|Strong=6629 31 מֶ֣ה מָה PRON _ PronType=Int 32 obj _ Gloss=what?|Ref=2SA_24:17!18|MId=o100240170181|Strong=4100|Type=interrogative 32 עָשׂ֑וּ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Plur|Person=3 23 conj _ Gloss=have.they.done|Ref=2SA_24:17!19|MId=o100240170191|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:100240170172;A1:100240170181;|Type=qatal 33 תְּהִ֨י הָיָה AUX _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 38 cop _ Gloss=let.it.be|Ref=2SA_24:17!20|MId=o100240170201|Strong=1961|Frame=A0:100240170221;|Type=jussive 34 נָ֥א נָא INTJ _ _ 38 discourse _ Gloss=please|Ref=2SA_24:17!21|MId=o100240170211|Strong=4994|Type=exhortation 35-36 יָדְךָ֛ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 יָד יָד NOUN _ Number=Sing 38 nsubj _ Gloss=hand|Ref=2SA_24:17!22|MId=o100240170221|Strong=3027 36 ְךָ֛ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 35 nmod:poss _ Gloss=your|Ref=2SA_24:17!22|MId=o100240170222|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 37-38 בִּ֖י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37 בּ בְּ ADP _ _ 38 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_24:17!23|MId=o100240170231|Strong=0871a 38 ִ֖י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 23 parataxis _ Gloss=me|Ref=2SA_24:17!23|MId=o100240170232|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 39-41 וּבְבֵ֥ית _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39 וּ וְ CCONJ _ _ 41 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:17!24|MId=o100240170241|Strong=2050b 40 בְ בְּ ADP _ _ 41 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_24:17!24|MId=o100240170242|Strong=0871a 41 בֵ֥ית בַּיִת NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 38 conj _ Gloss=the.house|Ref=2SA_24:17!24|MId=o100240170243|Strong=1004 42-43 אָבִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42 אָב אָב NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 41 compound:smixut _ Gloss=my.father|Ref=2SA_24:17!25|MId=o100240170251|Strong=0001 43 ִֽי הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_24:17!25|MId=o100240170252|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 44 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 43 punct _ Ref=2SA_24:17!25|SpaceAfter=No 45 פ פ PUNCT _ _ 43 punct _ Ref=2SA_24:17!25 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | רְאֹת *saw* | infinitive construct · qal | וֹ *he* | מַּלְאָךְ *angel* | | | | מַּכֶּה *was\] striking down* | participle active · hiphil | מַּלְאָךְ *angel* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | חָטָאתִי *I have sinned* | qatal · qal | אָנֹכִי *I* | | | | | הֶעֱוֵיתִי *I have done wrong* | qatal · hiphil | אָנֹכִי *I* | | | | | עָשׂוּ *have they done* | qatal · qal | צֹּאן *sheep* | מֶה *what?* | | | | תְּהִי *let it be* | jussive · qal | יָד *hand* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר דָוִד קֳדָם יְיָ כַּד חֲזָא יַת מַלְאָכָא דְמִקַטֵל בְּעַמָא וַאֲמַר הָא אֲנָא חָבִית וַאֲנָא סְרָחִית וְאִלֵין עַמָא דְאִינוּן כְּעָנָא בְּיַד רַעְיָא מָה עֲבָדוּ תְּהֵי כְּעַן מָחֲתָךְ בִּי וּבְבֵית אַבָּא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And David spoke unto the LORD when he saw the angel that smote the people, and said: 'Lo, I have sinned, and I have done iniquitously; but these sheep, what have they done? let Thy hand, I pray Thee, be against me, and against my father's house.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.773/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:686`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 24:16](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.16/) - next →: [2 Samuel 24:18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.18/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/24/)