--- title: 2 Samuel 24:18 — And Gad came that day to David, and said unto him: 'Go up, rear an a… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Gad came that day to David, and said unto him: 'Go up, rear an altar unto the LORD in the threshing-floor of Araunah the Jebusite.' Who acts: Gad. 2 Samuel 24:18 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.18/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/24/) / 24:18 # 2 Samuel 24:18 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Gad · **What happens:** come, say, go up, rear · **To what, where:** David, altar, threshing floor · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 24:18 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Gad — and what happens in the verse to David, altar, threshing floor, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּבֹא־גָ֥ד אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ עֲלֵה֙ הָקֵ֤ם לַֽיהוָה֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ בְּגֹ֖רֶן אֲרַ֥וְנָה הַיְבֻסִֽי׃ [And Gad came that day to David, and said unto him: 'Go up, rear an altar unto the LORD in the threshing-floor of Araunah the Jebusite.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.774/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:687 # text = וַיָּבֹא־גָ֥ד אֶל־דָּוִ֖ד בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ עֲלֵה֙ הָקֵ֤ם לַֽיהוָה֙ מִזְבֵּ֔חַ בְּגֹ֖רֶן אֲרַ֥וְנָה הַיְבֻסִֽי׃ # verse = 2SA.24.18 1-2 וַיָּבֹא־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:18!1|MId=o100240180011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּבֹא־ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.came|Ref=2SA_24:18!1|MId=o100240180012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100240180021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 גָ֥ד גָּד PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Gad|Ref=2SA_24:18!2|MId=o100240180021|Strong=1410 4 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 5 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_24:18!3|MId=o100240180031|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 5 דָּוִ֖ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_24:18!4|MId=o100240180041|Strong=1732 6-8 בַּיּ֣וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 בַּ בְּ ADP _ _ 8 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_24:18!5|MId=o100240180051|Strong=0871a 7 ה הַ DET _ PronType=Art 8 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_24:18!5|MId=o100240180051ה|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 8 יּ֣וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=2SA_24:18!5|MId=o100240180052|Strong=3117 9-10 הַה֑וּא _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_24:18!6|MId=o100240180061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 ה֑וּא הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 8 det _ Gloss=that|Ref=2SA_24:18!6|MId=o100240180062|Strong=1931|Type=personal 11-12 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 12 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:18!7|MId=o100240180071|Strong=2050b 12 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_24:18!7|MId=o100240180072|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100240180021;|Type=wayyiqtol 13-14 ל֗וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 ל לְ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_24:18!8|MId=o100240180081|Strong=3807a 14 ֗וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obl _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_24:18!8|MId=o100240180082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 15 עֲלֵה֙ עָלָה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=2 12 ccomp _ Gloss=go.up|Ref=2SA_24:18!9|MId=o100240180091|Strong=5927|Frame=A0:100240180041;|Type=imperative 16 הָקֵ֤ם קוּם VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=2 15 parataxis _ Gloss=set.up|Ref=2SA_24:18!10|MId=o100240180101|Strong=6965|Frame=AA:100240180041;A0:100240180121;|Type=imperative 17-18 לַֽיהוָה֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 18 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_24:18!11|MId=o100240180111|Strong=3807a 18 יהוָה֙ יהוה PROPN _ _ 16 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2SA_24:18!11|MId=o100240180112|Strong=3068 19 מִזְבֵּ֔חַ מִזְבֵּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=an.altar|Ref=2SA_24:18!12|MId=o100240180121|Strong=4196 20-21 בְּגֹ֖רֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 20 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 21 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_24:18!13|MId=o100240180131|Strong=0871a 21 גֹ֖רֶן גֹּרֶן NOUN _ Number=Sing 16 obl _ Gloss=the.threshing.floor|Ref=2SA_24:18!13|MId=o100240180132|Strong=1637 22 אֲרַ֥וְנָה אֲרַוְנָה PROPN _ _ 21 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.Araunah|Ref=2SA_24:18!15|MId=o100240180151|Strong=0728 23-24 הַיְבֻסִֽי _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 24 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_24:18!16|MId=o100240180161|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 24 יְבֻסִֽי יְבוּסִי NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 22 appos _ Gloss=Jebusite|Ref=2SA_24:18!16|MId=o100240180162|Strong=2983|Type=gentilic 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=2SA_24:18!16 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹא־ *he came* | wayyiqtol · qal | גָד *Gad* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | גָד *Gad* | | | | | עֲלֵה *go up* | imperative · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | הָקֵם *set up* | imperative · hiphil | מִזְבֵּחַ *an altar* | | | דָּוִד *David* | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתָא גָד לְוַת דָוִד בְּיוֹמָא הַהוּא וַאֲמַר לֵיהּ סַק אֲקֵים קֳדָם יְיָ מַדְבְּחָא בְּבֵית אִידְרֵי דַאֲרַוָן יְבֻסָאָה: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Gad came that day to David, and said unto him: 'Go up, rear an altar unto the LORD in the threshing-floor of Araunah the Jebusite.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.774/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:687`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 24:17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.17/) - next →: [2 Samuel 24:19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.19/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/24/)