--- title: 2 Samuel 24:21 — And Araunah said: 'Wherefore is my lord the king come to his servant… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And Araunah said: 'Wherefore is my lord the king come to his servant?' And David said: 'To buy the threshing-floor of thee, to build an altar unto the LORD, that the plague may be stayed from the people.' Who acts: Araunah, lord, David. 2 Samuel 24:21 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonat --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.21/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/24/) / 24:21 # 2 Samuel 24:21 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Araunah, lord, David · **What happens:** say, come, buy, build, stay · **To what, where:** servant, threshing floor, altar, plague · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 24:21 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Araunah, lord, David — and what happens in the verse to servant, threshing floor, altar, plague, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲרַ֔וְנָה מַדּ֛וּעַ בָּ֥א אֲדֹנִֽי־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶל־עַבְדּ֑וֹ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד לִקְנ֧וֹת מֵעִמְּךָ֣ אֶת־הַגֹּ֗רֶן לִבְנ֤וֹת מִזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וְתֵעָצַ֥ר הַמַּגֵּפָ֖ה מֵעַ֥ל הָעָֽם׃ [And Araunah said: 'Wherefore is my lord the king come to his servant?' And David said: 'To buy the threshing-floor of thee, to build an altar unto the LORD, that the plague may be stayed from the people.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.777/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:690 # text = וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲרַ֔וְנָה מַדּ֛וּעַ בָּ֥א אֲדֹנִֽי־הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶל־עַבְדּ֑וֹ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד לִקְנ֧וֹת מֵעִמְּךָ֣ אֶת־הַגֹּ֗רֶן לִבְנ֤וֹת מִזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וְתֵעָצַ֥ר הַמַּגֵּפָ֖ה מֵעַ֥ל הָעָֽם׃ # verse = 2SA.24.21 1-2 וַיֹּ֣אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:21!1|MId=o100240210011|Strong=2050b 2 יֹּ֣אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_24:21!1|MId=o100240210012|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100240210021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 אֲרַ֔וְנָה אֲרַוְנָה PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Araunah|Ref=2SA_24:21!2|MId=o100240210021|Strong=0728 4 מַדּ֛וּעַ מַדּוּעַ ADV _ _ 5 advmod _ Gloss=why?|Ref=2SA_24:21!3|MId=o100240210031|Strong=4069|Type=interrogative 5 בָּ֥א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 ccomp _ Gloss=has.he.come|Ref=2SA_24:21!4|MId=o100240210041|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100240210051;|Type=qatal 6-7 אֲדֹנִֽי־ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 אֲדֹנ אָדוֹן NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ Gloss=lord|Ref=2SA_24:21!5|MId=o100240210051|Strong=0113 7 ִֽי־ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 6 nmod:poss _ Gloss=my|Ref=2SA_24:21!5|MId=o100240210052|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 8-9 הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 9 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_24:21!6|MId=o100240210061|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 9 מֶּ֖לֶךְ מֶלֶךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 6 appos _ Gloss=king|Ref=2SA_24:21!6|MId=o100240210062|Strong=4428 10 אֶל־ אֶל ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_24:21!7|MId=o100240210071|Strong=0413|SpaceAfter=No 11-12 עַבְדּ֑וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 עַבְדּ עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 5 obl _ Gloss=servant|Ref=2SA_24:21!8|MId=o100240210081|Strong=5650 12 ֑וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 nmod:poss _ Gloss=his|Ref=2SA_24:21!8|MId=o100240210082|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 13-14 וַיֹּ֨אמֶר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 14 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:21!9|MId=o100240210091|Strong=2050b 14 יֹּ֨אמֶר אָמַר VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.said|Ref=2SA_24:21!9|MId=o100240210092|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100240210101;|Type=wayyiqtol 15 דָּוִ֜ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 14 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_24:21!10|MId=o100240210101|Strong=1732 16-17 לִקְנ֧וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_24:21!11|MId=o100240210111|Strong=3807a 17 קְנ֧וֹת קָנָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 14 ccomp _ Gloss=buy|Ref=2SA_24:21!11|MId=o100240210112|Strong=7069|Frame=A0:100240210101;A1:100240210142;|Type=infinitive_construct 18-20 מֵעִמְּךָ֣ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_24:21!12|MId=o100240210121|Strong=4480 19 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 20 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_24:21!12|MId=o100240210122|Strong=5973 20 ְךָ֣ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs 17 obl _ Gloss=you|Ref=2SA_24:21!12|MId=o100240210123|Strong=3509b|Type=pronominal 21 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_24:21!13|MId=o100240210131|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 הַגֹּ֗רֶן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 23 det _ Gloss=the.threshing|Ref=2SA_24:21!14|MId=o100240210141|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 23 גֹּ֗רֶן גֹּרֶן NOUN _ Number=Sing 17 obj _ Gloss=floor|Ref=2SA_24:21!14|MId=o100240210142|Strong=1637 24-25 לִבְנ֤וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 24 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 25 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_24:21!15|MId=o100240210151|Strong=3807a 25 בְנ֤וֹת בָּנָה VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 17 advcl _ Gloss=build|Ref=2SA_24:21!15|MId=o100240210152|Strong=1129|Frame=A0:100240210101;A1:100240210161;|Type=infinitive_construct 26 מִזְבֵּ֙חַ֙ מִזְבֵּחַ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 25 obj _ Gloss=an.altar|Ref=2SA_24:21!16|MId=o100240210161|Strong=4196 27-28 לַֽיהוָ֔ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 27 לַֽ לְ ADP _ _ 28 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_24:21!17|MId=o100240210171|Strong=3807a 28 יהוָ֔ה יהוה PROPN _ _ 25 obl _ Gloss=Yahweh|Ref=2SA_24:21!17|MId=o100240210172|Strong=3068 29-30 וְתֵעָצַ֥ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 29 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 30 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_24:21!18|MId=o100240210181|Strong=2050b 30 תֵעָצַ֥ר עָצַר VERB _ Gender=Fem|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 17 conj _ Gloss=it.will.be.restrained|Ref=2SA_24:21!18|MId=o100240210182|Strong=6113|Frame=A1:100240210192;|Type=yiqtol 31-32 הַמַּגֵּפָ֖ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 31 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 32 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_24:21!19|MId=o100240210191|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 32 מַּגֵּפָ֖ה מַגֵּפָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 30 nsubj _ Gloss=plague|Ref=2SA_24:21!19|MId=o100240210192|Strong=4046 33-34 מֵעַ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_24:21!20|MId=o100240210201|Strong=4480 34 עַ֥ל עַל ADP _ _ 36 case _ Gloss=on|Ref=2SA_24:21!20|MId=o100240210202|Strong=5921 35-36 הָעָֽם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 35 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 36 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_24:21!21|MId=o100240210211|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 36 עָֽם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 30 obl _ Gloss=people|Ref=2SA_24:21!21|MId=o100240210212|Strong=5971 37 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 36 punct _ Ref=2SA_24:21!21 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: wh-question - act: ask - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | אֲרַוְנָה *Araunah* | | | | | בָּא *has he come* | qatal · qal | אֲדֹנ *lord* | | | | | יֹּאמֶר *he said* | wayyiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | קְנוֹת *buy* | infinitive construct · qal | דָּוִד *David* | גֹּרֶן *floor* | | | | בְנוֹת *build* | infinitive construct · qal | דָּוִד *David* | מִזְבֵּחַ *an altar* | | | | תֵעָצַר *it will be restrained* | yiqtol · niphal | | מַּגֵּפָה *plague* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲמַר אֲרַוָן מָא דֵין אֲתָא רִבּוֹנִי מַלְכָּא לְוַת עַבְדֵיהּ וַאֲמַר דָוִד לְמִזְבַן מִנָךְ יַת בֵּית אִידְרֵי לְמִבְנָא מַדְבְּחָא קֲדָם יְיָ וְיִתְכְּלִי מוֹתָנָא מֵעַל עַמָא: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And Araunah said: 'Wherefore is my lord the king come to his servant?' And David said: 'To buy the threshing-floor of thee, to build an altar unto the LORD, that the plague may be stayed from the people.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.777/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:690`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 24:20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.20/) - next →: [2 Samuel 24:22](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.24.22/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 24](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/24/)