--- title: 2 Samuel 3:22 — And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and b… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and brought in a great spoil with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron; for he had sent him away, and he was gone in peace. Who acts: servants, Abner. 2 Samuel 3:22 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.22/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/3/) / 3:22 # 2 Samuel 3:22 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** servants, Abner · **What happens:** come, bring in, not be, send away, be · **To what, where:** foray, great spoil, Hebron, David, peace This is 2 Samuel 3:22 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — servants, Abner — and what happens in the verse to foray, great spoil, Hebron, David, peace, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וְהִנֵּה֩ עַבְדֵ֨י דָוִ֤ד וְיוֹאָב֙ בָּ֣א מֵֽהַגְּד֔וּד וְשָׁלָ֥ל רָ֖ב עִמָּ֣ם הֵבִ֑יאוּ וְאַבְנֵ֗ר אֵינֶ֤נּוּ עִם־דָּוִד֙ בְּחֶבְר֔וֹן כִּ֥י שִׁלְּח֖וֹ וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃ [And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and brought in a great spoil with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron; for he had sent him away, and he was gone in peace.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.93/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:80 # text = וְהִנֵּה֩ עַבְדֵ֨י דָוִ֤ד וְיוֹאָב֙ בָּ֣א מֵֽהַגְּד֔וּד וְשָׁלָ֥ל רָ֖ב עִמָּ֣ם הֵבִ֑יאוּ וְאַבְנֵ֗ר אֵינֶ֤נּוּ עִם־דָּוִד֙ בְּחֶבְר֔וֹן כִּ֥י שִׁלְּח֖וֹ וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ בְּשָׁלֽוֹם׃ # verse = 2SA.3.22 1-2 וְהִנֵּה֩ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 7 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:22!1|MId=o100030220011|Strong=2050b 2 הִנֵּה֩ הִנֵּה INTJ _ _ 7 discourse _ Gloss=there!|Ref=2SA_3:22!1|MId=o100030220012|Strong=2009|Type=demonstrative 3 עַבְדֵ֨י עֶבֶד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 7 nsubj _ Gloss=the.servants|Ref=2SA_3:22!2|MId=o100030220021|Strong=5650 4 דָוִ֤ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=of.David|Ref=2SA_3:22!3|MId=o100030220031|Strong=1732 5-6 וְיוֹאָב֙ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 5 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 6 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:22!4|MId=o100030220041|Strong=2050b 6 יוֹאָב֙ יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 3 conj _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=2SA_3:22!4|MId=o100030220042|Strong=3097 7 בָּ֣א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=[was].coming|Ref=2SA_3:22!5|MId=o100030220051|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100030220021;100030220042;|Type=qatal 8-10 מֵֽהַגְּד֔וּד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 8 מֵֽ מִן ADP _ _ 10 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_3:22!6|MId=o100030220061|Strong=4480 9 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 10 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_3:22!6|MId=o100030220062|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 10 גְּד֔וּד גְּדוּד NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 7 obl _ Gloss=raid|Ref=2SA_3:22!6|MId=o100030220063|Strong=1416 11-12 וְשָׁלָ֥ל _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:22!7|MId=o100030220071|Strong=2050b 12 שָׁלָ֥ל שָׁלָל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 16 obj _ Gloss=plunder|Ref=2SA_3:22!7|MId=o100030220072|Strong=7998 13 רָ֖ב רַב ADJ _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 12 amod _ Gloss=much|Ref=2SA_3:22!8|MId=o100030220081|Strong=7227|Type=adjective 14-15 עִמָּ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 עִמּ עִם ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_3:22!9|MId=o100030220091|Strong=5973 15 ָ֣ם הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 16 obl _ Gloss=them|Ref=2SA_3:22!9|MId=o100030220092|Strong=3963a|Type=pronominal 16 הֵבִ֑יאוּ בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=they.had.brought|Ref=2SA_3:22!10|MId=o100030220101|Strong=0935|Frame=AA:100030220021;100030220042;A0:100030220072;|Type=qatal 17-18 וְאַבְנֵ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 17 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 19 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:22!11|MId=o100030220111|Strong=2050b 18 אַבְנֵ֗ר אַבְנֵר PROPN _ _ 19 dislocated _ Gloss=Abner|Ref=2SA_3:22!11|MId=o100030220112|Strong=0074 19-20 אֵינֶ֤נּוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 19 אֵינ אַיִן ADV _ _ 7 conj _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_3:22!12|MId=o100030220121|Strong=0369|Type=negative 20 ֶ֤נּוּ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 19 nsubj _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_3:22!12|MId=o100030220122|Strong=5105b|Type=pronominal 21 עִם־ עִם ADP _ _ 22 case _ Gloss=[was].with|Ref=2SA_3:22!13|MId=o100030220131|Strong=5973|SpaceAfter=No 22 דָּוִד֙ דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 19 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_3:22!14|MId=o100030220141|Strong=1732 23-24 בְּחֶבְר֔וֹן _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 23 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 24 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_3:22!15|MId=o100030220151|Strong=0871a 24 חֶבְר֔וֹן חֶבְרוֹן PROPN _ _ 19 obl _ Gloss=Hebron|Ref=2SA_3:22!15|MId=o100030220152|Strong=2275 25 כִּ֥י כִּי SCONJ _ _ 26 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2SA_3:22!16|MId=o100030220161|Strong=3588 26-27 שִׁלְּח֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 26 שִׁלְּח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=PIEL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 advcl _ Gloss=he|Ref=2SA_3:22!17|MId=o100030220171|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:100030220141;A1:100030220172;|Type=qatal 27 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 26 obj _ Gloss=had.sent.him.away|Ref=2SA_3:22!17|MId=o100030220172|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 28-29 וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 28 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 29 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:22!18|MId=o100030220181|Strong=2050b 29 יֵּ֥לֶךְ הלך VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 7 conj _ Gloss=he.had.gone|Ref=2SA_3:22!18|MId=o100030220182|Strong=1980|Frame=A0:100030220112;|Type=wayyiqtol 30-31 בְּשָׁלֽוֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=in|Ref=2SA_3:22!19|MId=o100030220191|Strong=0871a 31 שָׁלֽוֹם שָׁלוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 29 obl _ Gloss=peace|Ref=2SA_3:22!19|MId=o100030220192|Strong=7965 32 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 31 punct _ Ref=2SA_3:22!19 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: assert - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | **not** בָּא *\[was\] coming* | qatal · qal | עַבְדֵי *the servants* + יוֹאָב *Joab* | | | | | הֵבִיאוּ *they had brought* | qatal · hiphil | שָׁלָל *plunder* | | | עַבְדֵי *the servants* + יוֹאָב *Joab* | | שִׁלְּח *he* | qatal · piel | דָּוִד *David* | וֹ *had sent him away* | | | | יֵּלֶךְ *he had gone* | wayyiqtol · qal | אַבְנֵר *Abner* | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וְהָא עַבְדֵי דָוִד וְיוֹאָב אֲתָא מִן מַשְׁרִיתָא וַעֲדָאָה סַגִיאָה עִמְהוֹן אַיְתִיאוּ וְאַבְנֵר לֵיתוֹהִי עִם דָוִד בְּחֶבְרוֹן אֲרֵי שַׁלְחֵיהּ וַאֲזַל בִּשְׁלָם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And, behold, the servants of David and Joab came from a foray, and brought in a great spoil with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron; for he had sent him away, and he was gone in peace.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.93/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:80`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 3:21](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.21/) - next →: [2 Samuel 3:23](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.23/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/3/)