--- title: 2 Samuel 3:26 — And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abne… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from Bor-sirah; but David knew it not. Who acts: Joab, messengers, David. 2 Samuel 3:26 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 and the pragmatics of every clause. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.26/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/3/) / 3:26 # 2 Samuel 3:26 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** Joab, messengers, David · **What happens:** come out, send, bring back, not know · **To what, where:** David, messengers, Abner, Bor sirah, sirah This is 2 Samuel 3:26 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — Joab, messengers, David — and what happens in the verse to David, messengers, Abner, Bor sirah, sirah, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיֵּצֵ֤א יוֹאָב֙ מֵעִ֣ם דָּוִ֔ד וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח מַלְאָכִים֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיָּשִׁ֥בוּ אֹת֖וֹ מִבּ֣וֹר הַסִּרָ֑ה בּ֣וֹר הַסִּרָ֑ה וְדָוִ֖ד לֹ֥א יָדָֽע׃ [And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from Bor-sirah; but David knew it not.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.97/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:84 # text = וַיֵּצֵ֤א יוֹאָב֙ מֵעִ֣ם דָּוִ֔ד וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח מַלְאָכִים֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיָּשִׁ֥בוּ אֹת֖וֹ מִבּ֣וֹר הַסִּרָ֑ה בּ֣וֹר הַסִּרָ֑ה וְדָוִ֖ד לֹ֥א יָדָֽע׃ # verse = 2SA.3.26 1-2 וַיֵּצֵ֤א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:26!1|MId=o100030260011|Strong=2050b 2 יֵּצֵ֤א יָצָא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=he.went.out|Ref=2SA_3:26!1|MId=o100030260012|Strong=3318|Frame=A0:100030260021;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 יוֹאָב֙ יוֹאָב PROPN _ _ 2 nsubj _ Gloss=Joab|Ref=2SA_3:26!2|MId=o100030260021|Strong=3097 4-5 מֵעִ֣ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 מֵ מִן ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_3:26!3|MId=o100030260031|Strong=4480 5 עִ֣ם עִם ADP _ _ 6 case _ Gloss=with|Ref=2SA_3:26!3|MId=o100030260032|Strong=5973 6 דָּוִ֔ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 2 obl _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_3:26!4|MId=o100030260041|Strong=1732 7-8 וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 7 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 8 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:26!5|MId=o100030260051|Strong=2050b 8 יִּשְׁלַ֤ח שָׁלַח VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.sent|Ref=2SA_3:26!5|MId=o100030260052|Strong=7971|Frame=A0:100030260021;A1:100030260061;|Type=wayyiqtol 9 מַלְאָכִים֙ מַלְאָךְ NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 8 obj _ Gloss=messengers|Ref=2SA_3:26!6|MId=o100030260061|Strong=4397 10 אַחֲרֵ֣י אַחַר ADP _ _ 11 case _ Gloss=after|Ref=2SA_3:26!7|MId=o100030260071|Strong=0310 11 אַבְנֵ֔ר אַבְנֵר PROPN _ _ 8 obl _ Gloss=Abner|Ref=2SA_3:26!8|MId=o100030260081|Strong=0074 12-13 וַיָּשִׁ֥בוּ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 12 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 13 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:26!9|MId=o100030260091|Strong=2050b 13 יָּשִׁ֥בוּ שׁוּב VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Plur|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=they.brought.back|Ref=2SA_3:26!9|MId=o100030260092|Strong=7725|Frame=AA:100030260061;A0:100030260102;|Type=wayyiqtol 14-15 אֹת֖וֹ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 אֹת אֵת ADP _ _ 15 case _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_3:26!10|MId=o100030260101|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker 15 ֖וֹ הוּא PRON _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 obj _ Gloss=him|Ref=2SA_3:26!10|MId=o100030260102|Strong=2050c|Type=pronominal 16-17 מִבּ֣וֹר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 16 מִ מִן ADP _ _ 17 case _ Gloss=from|Ref=2SA_3:26!11|MId=o100030260111|Strong=4480 17 בּ֣וֹר בּוֹר PROPN _ _ 13 obl _ Gloss=the.well|Ref=2SA_3:26!11|MId=o100030260112 18 הַסִּרָ֑ה _ PROPN _ _ 17 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_3:26!11 19 בּ֣וֹר הַ PROPN _ _ 17 nmod _ Gloss=of.Sirah|Ref=2SA_3:26!12|MId=o100030260121 20 הַסִּרָ֑ה _ PROPN _ _ 19 flat:name _ Ref=2SA_3:26!12 21-22 וְדָוִ֖ד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 21 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 24 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:26!13|MId=o100030260131|Strong=2050b 22 דָוִ֖ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 24 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_3:26!13|MId=o100030260132|Strong=1732 23 לֹ֥א לֹא ADV _ _ 24 advmod _ Gloss=not|Ref=2SA_3:26!14|MId=o100030260141|Strong=3808|Type=negative 24 יָדָֽע יָדַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.knew|Ref=2SA_3:26!15|MId=o100030260151|Strong=3045|Frame=A0:100030260122;|Type=qatal|SpaceAfter=No 25 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 24 punct _ Ref=2SA_3:26!15 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: statement - act: narrate - voice: narrator - speech: narration - negation: yes | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יֵּצֵא *he went out* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | | | | | יִּשְׁלַח *he sent* | wayyiqtol · qal | יוֹאָב *Joab* | מַלְאָכִים *messengers* | | | | יָּשִׁבוּ *they brought back* | wayyiqtol · hiphil | וֹ *him* | | | מַלְאָכִים *messengers* | | **not** יָדָֽע *he knew* | qatal · qal | | | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וּנְפַק יוֹאָב מִן קֳדָם דָוִד וּשְׁלַח אִזְגַדִין בָּתַר אַבְנֵר וַאֲתִיבוּ יָתֵיהּ מִגוּבָא דְסִירָתָא וְדָוִד לָא יְדָע: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And when Joab was come out from David, he sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from Bor-sirah; but David knew it not.](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.97/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:84`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 3:25](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.25/) - next →: [2 Samuel 3:27](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.27/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/3/)