--- title: 2 Samuel 3:35 — And all the people came to cause David to eat bread while it was yet… · Hebrew, tree and pragmatics description: And all the people came to cause David to eat bread while it was yet day; but David swore, saying: 'God do so to me, and more also, if I taste bread, or aught else, till the sun be down.' Who acts: people, David, bread, I. 2 Samuel 3:35 in Hebrew with its dependency tree, Targum Jonathan, JPS 1917 a --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.35/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [Tanakh](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tanakh/) / [Nevi'im](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/) / [2 Samuel](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/) / [chapter 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/3/) / 3:35 # 2 Samuel 3:35 שְׁמוּאֵל ב **Who acts:** people, David, bread, I, sun · **What happens:** come, cause, eat, be, swear, say · **To what, where:** David, bread, day · **Speech:** someone speaks in this verse This is 2 Samuel 3:35 from Mova's open Bible corpus, the Tanakh in three languages (Nevi'im — the Prophets). The page gives the verse in Hebrew as the Westminster Leningrad Codex has it, its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, built from MACULA Hebrew — and its pragmatics: who acts — people, David, bread, I, sun — and what happens in the verse to David, bread, day, read clause by clause by Mova's frames. Beside it stand the Aramaic of Targum Jonathan and the English of the Jewish Publication Society's 1917 translation, each English sentence with a tree of its own. It is one of the 24 chapters of 2 Samuel on this site, all built by Mova itself from its own trees, with no large model in between. וַיָּבֹ֣א כָל־הָעָ֗ם לְהַבְר֧וֹת אֶת־דָּוִ֛ד לֶ֖חֶם בְּע֣וֹד הַיּ֑וֹם וַיִּשָּׁבַ֨ע דָּוִ֜ד לֵאמֹ֗ר כֹּ֣ה יַעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֤י אֱלֹהִים֙ וְכֹ֣ה יֹסִ֔יף כִּ֣י אִם־לִפְנֵ֧י בֽוֹא־הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ אֶטְעַם־לֶ֖חֶם א֥וֹ כָל־מְאֽוּמָה׃ [And all the people came to cause David to eat bread while it was yet day; but David swore, saying: 'God do so to me, and more also, if I taste bread, or aught else, till the sun be down.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.107/) ## The tree {#tree} Right to left, as the Hebrew is read; a prefix or suffix is a word of its own, and a line under the words joins those written as one. Under each word its part of speech and MACULA's English gloss. ```conllu rtl gloss # sent_id = wlc:2SA:93 # text = וַיָּבֹ֣א כָל־הָעָ֗ם לְהַבְר֧וֹת אֶת־דָּוִ֛ד לֶ֖חֶם בְּע֣וֹד הַיּ֑וֹם וַיִּשָּׁבַ֨ע דָּוִ֜ד לֵאמֹ֗ר כֹּ֣ה יַעֲשֶׂה־לִּ֤י אֱלֹהִים֙ וְכֹ֣ה יֹסִ֔יף כִּ֣י אִם־לִפְנֵ֧י בֽוֹא־הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ אֶטְעַם־לֶ֖חֶם א֥וֹ כָל־מְאֽוּמָה׃ # verse = 2SA.3.35 1-2 וַיָּבֹ֣א _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 1 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 2 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:35!1|MId=o100030350011|Strong=2050b 2 יָּבֹ֣א בּוֹא VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 0 root _ Gloss=it.came|Ref=2SA_3:35!1|MId=o100030350012|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100030350032;|Type=wayyiqtol 3 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 nsubj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_3:35!2|MId=o100030350021|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 4-5 הָעָ֗ם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 הָ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 5 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_3:35!3|MId=o100030350031|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 5 עָ֗ם עַם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 3 compound:smixut _ Gloss=people|Ref=2SA_3:35!3|MId=o100030350032|Strong=5971 6-7 לְהַבְר֧וֹת _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 6 לְ לְ ADP _ _ 7 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_3:35!4|MId=o100030350041|Strong=3807a 7 הַבְר֧וֹת בָּרָה VERB _ HebBinyan=HIPHIL 2 advcl _ Gloss=make.to.eat|Ref=2SA_3:35!4|MId=o100030350042|Strong=1262|Frame=AA:100030350032;A0:100030350061;A1:100030350071;|Type=infinitive_construct 8 אֶת־ אֵת ADP _ _ 9 case _ Gloss=(et)|Ref=2SA_3:35!5|MId=o100030350051|Strong=0853|Type=direct_object_marker|SpaceAfter=No 9 דָּוִ֛ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 7 obj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_3:35!6|MId=o100030350061|Strong=1732 10 לֶ֖חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 7 xcomp _ Gloss=bread|Ref=2SA_3:35!7|MId=o100030350071|Strong=3899 11-12 בְּע֣וֹד _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 11 בְּ בְּ ADP _ _ 14 case _ Gloss=while|Ref=2SA_3:35!8|MId=o100030350081|Strong=0871a 12 ע֣וֹד עוֹד ADV _ _ 14 advmod _ Gloss=still|Ref=2SA_3:35!8|MId=o100030350082|Strong=5750 13-14 הַיּ֑וֹם _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 13 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 14 det _ Gloss=(the)|Ref=2SA_3:35!9|MId=o100030350091|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 14 יּ֑וֹם יוֹם NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 2 obl _ Gloss=day|Ref=2SA_3:35!9|MId=o100030350092|Strong=3117 15-16 וַיִּשָּׁבַ֨ע _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 15 וַ וְ CCONJ _ _ 16 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:35!10|MId=o100030350101|Strong=2050b 16 יִּשָּׁבַ֨ע שָׁבַע VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=NIPHAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 2 conj _ Gloss=he.swore.an.oath|Ref=2SA_3:35!10|MId=o100030350102|Strong=7650|Frame=A0:100030350111;|Type=wayyiqtol 17 דָּוִ֜ד דָּוִד PROPN _ _ 16 nsubj _ Gloss=David|Ref=2SA_3:35!11|MId=o100030350111|Strong=1732 18-19 לֵאמֹ֗ר _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 18 לֵ לְ ADP _ ExtPos=SCONJ 21 mark _ Gloss=(cmp)|Ref=2SA_3:35!12|MId=o100030350121|Strong=3807a 19 אמֹ֗ר אָמַר VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 18 fixed _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_3:35!12|MId=o100030350122|Strong=0559|Frame=A0:100030350111;|Type=infinitive_construct 20 כֹּ֣ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 21 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=2SA_3:35!13|MId=o100030350131|Strong=3541 21 יַעֲשֶׂה־ עָשָׂה VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=3 16 advcl _ Gloss=may.he.do|Ref=2SA_3:35!14|MId=o100030350141|Strong=6213|Frame=A0:100030350161;|Type=jussive|SpaceAfter=No 22-23 לִּ֤י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 22 לּ לְ ADP _ _ 23 case _ Gloss=to|Ref=2SA_3:35!15|MId=o100030350151|Strong=3807a 23 ִ֤י הוּא PRON _ Gender=Com|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 21 obl _ Gloss=me|Ref=2SA_3:35!15|MId=o100030350152|Strong=2967a|Type=pronominal 24 אֱלֹהִים֙ אֱלֹהִים NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Plur 21 nsubj _ Gloss=God|Ref=2SA_3:35!16|MId=o100030350161|Strong=0430 25-26 וְכֹ֣ה _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 25 וְ וְ CCONJ _ _ 27 cc _ Gloss=and|Ref=2SA_3:35!17|MId=o100030350171|Strong=2050b 26 כֹ֣ה כֹּה ADV _ _ 27 advmod _ Gloss=thus|Ref=2SA_3:35!17|MId=o100030350172|Strong=3541 27 יֹסִ֔יף יָסַף VERB _ Gender=Masc|HebBinyan=HIPHIL|Number=Sing|Person=3 21 conj _ Gloss=may.he.add|Ref=2SA_3:35!18|MId=o100030350181|Strong=3254|Frame=A0:100030350161;|Type=jussive 28 כִּ֣י כִּי SCONJ _ ExtPos=SCONJ 35 mark _ Gloss=(dm)|Ref=2SA_3:35!19|MId=o100030350191|Strong=3588 29 אִם־ אִם SCONJ _ _ 28 fixed _ Gloss=if|Ref=2SA_3:35!20|MId=o100030350201|Strong=0518|SpaceAfter=No 30-31 לִפְנֵ֧י _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 30 לִ לְ ADP _ _ 31 case _ Gloss=before|Ref=2SA_3:35!21|MId=o100030350211|Strong=3807a 31 פְנֵ֧י פָּנֶה NOUN _ Number=Plur 35 obl _ Gloss=|Ref=2SA_3:35!21|MId=o100030350212|Strong=6440 32 בֽוֹא־ בּוֹא VERB _ HebBinyan=QAL 31 acl _ Gloss=goes|Ref=2SA_3:35!22|MId=o100030350221|Strong=0935|Frame=A0:100030350232;|Type=infinitive_construct|SpaceAfter=No 33-34 הַשֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 33 הַ הַ DET _ PronType=Art 34 det _ Gloss=the|Ref=2SA_3:35!23|MId=o100030350231|Strong=1886a|Type=definite_article 34 שֶּׁ֛מֶשׁ שֶׁמֶשׁ NOUN _ Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ Gloss=sun|Ref=2SA_3:35!23|MId=o100030350232|Strong=8121 35 אֶטְעַם־ טָעַם VERB _ Gender=Com|HebBinyan=QAL|Number=Sing|Person=1 21 parataxis _ Gloss=I.will.taste|Ref=2SA_3:35!24|MId=o100030350241|Strong=2938|Frame=A0:100030350111;A1:100030350251;100030350281;|Type=yiqtol|SpaceAfter=No 36 לֶ֖חֶם לֶחֶם NOUN _ Number=Sing 35 obj _ Gloss=bread|Ref=2SA_3:35!25|MId=o100030350251|Strong=3899 37 א֥וֹ אוֹ CCONJ _ _ 38 cc _ Gloss=or|Ref=2SA_3:35!26|MId=o100030350261|Strong=0176 38 כָל־ כֹּל NOUN _ Gender=Masc|Number=Sing 36 conj _ Gloss=all|Ref=2SA_3:35!27|MId=o100030350271|Strong=3605|SpaceAfter=No 39 מְאֽוּמָה מְאוּמָה NOUN _ Gender=Fem|Number=Sing 38 compound:smixut _ Gloss=anything|Ref=2SA_3:35!28|MId=o100030350281|Strong=3972|SpaceAfter=No 40 ׃ ׃ PUNCT _ _ 39 punct _ Ref=2SA_3:35!28 ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} - form: command - act: request - voice: character - speech: a frame and its quote - negation: no - the frame alone: decl · narrate · none | verb | form · stem | who (A0) | what, whom (A1) | to whom, further (A2) | who makes it happen (AA) | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | יָּבֹא *it came* | wayyiqtol · qal | עָם *people* | | | | | הַבְרוֹת *make to eat* | infinitive construct · hiphil | דָּוִד *David* | לֶחֶם *bread* | | עָם *people* | | יִּשָּׁבַע *he swore an oath* | wayyiqtol · niphal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | אמֹר | infinitive construct · qal | דָּוִד *David* | | | | | יַעֲשֶׂה־ *may he do* | jussive · qal | אֱלֹהִים *God* | | | | | יֹסִיף *may he add* | jussive · hiphil | אֱלֹהִים *God* | | | | | בֽוֹא־ *goes* | infinitive construct · qal | שֶּׁמֶשׁ *sun* | | | | | אֶטְעַם־ *I will taste* | yiqtol · qal | דָּוִד *David* | לֶחֶם *bread* + מְאֽוּמָה *anything* | | | MACULA's semantic frames: for each verb the head word of each participant. A0 is the one who acts, A1 what the act is done to or is about, A2 a further participant; AA, with a causative verb, the one who makes it happen. ## Targum Jonathan {#onkelos} וַאֲתָא כָל עַמָא לְאוֹכָלָא יַת דָוִד לַחֲמָא עַד דְיוֹמָא קַיָם וְקַיֵם דָוִד לְמֵימַר כְּדֵין יַעְבֵּיד לִי יְיָ וּכְדֵין יוֹסִיף אֱלָהֵין קֳדָם מֵיעַל שִׁמְשָׁא אֶטְעוֹם לַחְמָא אוֹ כָּל מִדָעַם: The Aramaic translation read beside the Hebrew. Text only: Mova has no Aramaic parser yet. ## English, JPS 1917 {#english} Each sentence on its own page, with its tree and pragmatics. A sentence that runs on into the next verse is listed under the verse it begins in. 1. [And all the people came to cause David to eat bread while it was yet day; but David swore, saying: 'God do so to me, and more also, if I taste bread, or aught else, till the sun be down.'](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/jps/2SA.107/) **Hebrew text:** Westminster Leningrad Codex, public domain. **Tree, glosses and frames:** MACULA Hebrew Linguistic Datasets, available at [github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew](https://github.com/Clear-Bible/macula-hebrew/), [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/); converted to Universal Dependencies by Mova (words in text order, a prefix its own word). **Speech act:** Mova's rules on the MACULA words (`macula prag`). **Targum:** Onkelos (Torat Emet), Jonathan and the Writings (Mikraot Gedolot), from Sefaria, public domain. **English:** JPS 1917, public domain; trees and speech acts by Mova's cycle, frames by Mova's reader (Elamur Cosmic License). Hebrew sentence `wlc:2SA:93`. - ← previous: [2 Samuel 3:34](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.34/) - next →: [2 Samuel 3:36](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA.3.36/) - ↑ back to [2 Samuel 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/neviim/2SA/3/)